Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 63-65).

Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1996. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2950. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 64).

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 63-65) Also available in print.

Thesis (M.E.S.)--Evergreen State College, 2007. / "June, 2007." Title from title screen (viewed 6/3/2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-50).

Thesis (M.R.M.)--Simon Fraser University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-116).

Thesis (MComm) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the past the social dimension of business has often been neglected and regarded as inferior to issues related to the financial sphere of business. The rise of sustainable development and a growing awareness regarding the frailty of earth's resources have placed renewed emphasis on the importance of the corporate social dimension for sustained business success. Scrutiny of the literature revealed that numerous misconceptions regarding the corporate social dimension still prevailed and that the success of sustainable development is often jeopardised by a lack of implementation. The triple bottom line (TBL), a concept that embraces corporate economic, environmental and social elements, was identified as a most appropriate way of elucidating the corporate social dimension and for operationalising sustainable development, as it provides several philosophic and implementation principles and guidelines. The objective of this study was to contribute to an improved understanding of the corporate social dimension and its implementation as one of the three parts of the TBL, within the perspective of sustainable development. To achieve this objective it was considered fundamental to analyse the importance and development of the corporate social dimension, the concepts and terminology related to the social dimension, and the current status of the corporate social dimension in both a South African as well as a global context. The positive aspects and limitations of extant approaches were subsequently delineated. Another important prerequisite for achieving the objective of the study was the clarification of the importance, meaning and implications of sustainable development, and the TBL approach as an operationalisation method. The development, three drnensions, importance and benefits of the TBL approach were analysed and several fundamental principles and compulsory guidelines were identified as vital conditions (e.g. a stakeholder approach, leadership support and involvement, equal consideration of all the elements of the TBL, etc.) for apt TBL adoption and sustained business success. An analysis of the relevance of sustainable development and TBL principles and guidelines for the corporate social dimension, and the interrelation between business, government and the social dimension, contributed towards an improved understanding of the social dimension of the corporate triple bottom line and its implementation within the perspective of sustainable development, thereby facilitating the achievement of the objective of the study. The most salient conclusions of the study focused on the importance of addressing the corporate social dimension in an integrated manner within the perspective of sustainable development and by means of the TBL approach, despite the seemingly elusive nature of the social dimension and numerous debates and viewpoints regarding it. Based on the conclusions of the study a number of recommendations were made regarding the process of leveraging the context-specific and dynamic nature of corporate social definitions and viewpoints, the advancement of business application, and the advancement of theory. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die verlede is die sosiale dimensie van besigheid dikwels geïgnoreer en beskou as ondergeskik teenoor kwessies verwant aan die finansiële sfeer van besigheid. Die opkoms van volhoubare ontwikkeling en 'n groeiende bewuswording van die beperktheid van die aarde se hulpbronne het hernieude aandag gevestig op die belangrikheid van die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie vir volhoubare besigheidsukses. 'n Literatuur ondersoek het getoon dat verskeie wanbegrippe met betrekking tot die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie steeds bestaan en dat die sukses van volhoubare ontwikkeling dikwels op die spel geplaas word deur 'n gebrek aan implementering. Die "triple bottom line" (TBL), 'n konsep wat die korporatiewe ekonomiese, omgewings en sosiale elemente omhels, is geïdentifiseer as die mees geskikte manier om die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie toe te lig en volhoubare ontwikkeling te operasionaliseer, aangesien dit verskeie filosofiese en implementerings beginsels en riglyne verskaf. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was om 'n bydrae te lewer tot 'n verbeterde begrip van die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie en die implementering daarvan as een van die drie dele van die TBL, binne die perspektief van volhoubare ontwikkeling. Ter bereiking van hierdie doelwit is dit as fundamenteel beskou om die belangrikheid en ontwikkeling van die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie, die konsepte en terminologie verwant aan die sosiale dimensie, en die huidige status van die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie, beide in Suid-Afrika en in 'n globale konteks, te analiseer. Die positiewe aspekte en beperkinge van bestaande benaderings is vervolgens ondersoek. Nog 'n belangrike voorvereiste vir die bereiking van die doewit van die studie was die uitklaring van die belangrikheid, betekenis, en implikasies van volhoubare ontwikkeling, en die TBL benadering as 'n operasionaliserings metode. Die ontwikkeling, drie dimensies, belangrikheid en die voordele van die TBL benadering is geanaliseer en verskeie fundamentele beginsels en verpligtende riglyne is geïdentifiseer as deurslaggewende vereistes (bv. 'n belanghebbende benadering, leierskap ondersteuning en betrokkenheid, gelyke oorweging van al die elemente van die TBL, ens.) vir gepaste TBL aanneming en volhoubare besigheidsukses. Die analisering van die relevansie van volhoubare ontwikkeling en TBL beginsels en riglyne vir die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie, en die interverwantskap tussen besigheid, die regering en die sosiale dimensie, het bygedra tot "n verbeterde begrip van die sosiale dimensie van die korporatiewe TBL en die implementering daarvan binne die perspektief van volhoubare ontwikkeling, en daardeur ook tot die fasilitering van die bereiking van die doelwit van die studie. Die mees uitstaande gevolgtrekkings van die studie fokus op die belangrikheid van die aanspreek van die korporatiewe sosiale dimensie op "n geïntegreerde wyse binne die perspektief van volhoubare ontwikkeling en deur middel van die TBL, ten spyte van die skynbaar ontwykende aard van die sosiale dimensie en die vele debatte en oogpunte met betrekking tot die konsep. Gebaseer op die gevolgtrekkings van die studie is "n aantal aanbevelings gemaak met betrekking tot die proses van die hefboming van die konteks-spesifieke en dinamiese aard van korporatiewe sosiale definisies en oogpunte, die bevordering van besigheidstoepassing, en die bevordering van teorie.

<p> There is a broad perception that many of the greatest knowledge gaps in marine conservation are in understanding and integrating human dimensions. Marine governance must go beyond the rhetoric that conservation will benefit from including human dimensions, and dig deeper into social science disciplines to find specific tools that may be useful. Bennett et al. (2017) advocate for &ldquo;fostering knowledge on the scope and contributions of the social sciences to conservation&rdquo; from the inception of conservation projects, during all stages of planning and implementation and at all scales, and encourage the mainstreaming of social science into conservation. However, the fractured nature of literature pointing to the importance of social science has left many unsure what is really important or what to do. This dissertation seeks to remedy this, first by mainstreaming how to strategically consider social equity, and second by learning from collective action studies. </p><p> Social equity is increasingly included in conservation mission statements &ndash; either because it is an intrinsic goal or because it is believed to have functional value to help reach other objectives. Until now, social equity has been vaguely defined, and therefore been difficult to include, monitor and evaluate in environmental governance. Chapter 1 presents a theoretical foundation for defining and distinguishing between different types of social equity and considering social equity&rsquo;s role in conservation outcomes. First, we introduce the <i>equity landscape</i> as a way to describe the distributions of resources and participation rights in a society supported by social norms in a given community. We use case studies to illustrate how environmental management can benefit from considering the equity landscape in both short- and long-term strategy. Through collaborative efforts, we also describe social equity to include several dimensions &ndash; including participation (or input to conservation interventions), and spatial, access, and financial outcomes of a conservation intervention (Klein et al. 2015). Chapter 1 motivates collecting empirical evidence of how different types of equity are experienced in a community and their influence on stakeholder behavior. </p><p> Therefore, in Chapter 2 we investigate how fishers perceive and experience these different dimensions of equity, and how different dimensions of equity influence fisher compliance with social norms and willingness to punish defectors. Our interdisciplinary approach combines a behavioral experiment and surveys, and informs important decisions on critical design elements, such as should the intervention focus on participation, or outcomes of the intervention, such as access or financial benefits? Should equity objectives be equal or fair? And, how should managers measure these objectives? This research provides important empirical insight on how equity and conservation outcomes are interlinked and how management actions may influence stakeholder cooperation, thus presenting a unique insight into equity that is applicable to a wide range of settings. </p><p> Second, this dissertation highlights the potential benefits of integrating collective action literature in fisheries management. Most problems in fisheries management are rooted in some sort of tragedy of the commons. Understanding the conditions under which cooperation can emerge and how to create policies around those conditions is extremely important for successful fisheries governance. The collective action literature contains a wealth of knowledge on how diverse types of societies can solve cooperation problems and real-world management questions. </p><p> Chapter 3 investigates two such applied questions: Do self-assembled or randomly assigned groups cooperate better? And, if there are costs to random assignment, what strategies might help offset some of these costs? We show that self-assembly and the ability to communicate face-to-face both increase compliance with rules and punishment of defectors, although self-assembly has a greater effect. </p><p> This work is specific to artisanal fishing communities in Ta&ntilde;on Strait, Philippines, but provides an approach to solving questions managers have to make on a range of key issues that likely have big consequences on conservation outcomes. By combining interdisciplinary theory and methods, my dissertation highlights how social science can both integrate into and aid conservation efforts.</p><p>

The Sustainable Seafood Movement's "theory of change" is predicated on using markets to improve the supply of, demand for and governance of sustainable fisheries. Over four articles, this thesis will examine the implications of this approach. Article I evaluates the cultural model of seafood eco-labelling and demonstrates that while the theory of using market demand to motivate fishery improvements has been a powerful incentive, consumers have had a minimal role in incentivising that change. This is validated through semi-structured consumer interviews and structured surveys (n=196), which indicate consumers' general understanding of sustainability issues. Article II examines the roles of actors in the Sustainable Seafood Movement in facilitating the growth of sustainable seafood products in the supply chain, thus explaining how in the absence of large consumer demand, certified sustainable seafood product offerings have continued to grow. Article III examines the private governance mechanisms that the Sustainable Seafood Movement has established in the supply chain and how these are rivalling, complementing and substituting those of state-led fisheries governance mechanisms. At the same time both private and public governance mechanisms continue to monopolise certain spaces, such as flag state authority. Greater coordination between these two governance systems is needed to facilitate additional sustainability gains and strengthen the resilience of these governance systems. When public and private governance efforts to improve the supply, demand and governance of sustainable seafood are looked as whole, as in Article IV, it is evident that consumers/citizens are minimally engaged. Lack of consumer/citizen engagement could lead to an undervaluing of these governance systems by society. Civic engagement organizations are needed to bridge these systems and facilitate citizen/consumer/steward engagement. Public accountability mechanisms are one means to better engage the public in both governance systems, so that sustainable fisheries are realised by collective engagement of all actors.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2017-04-18T18:48:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Kelly Mary Viana dos Santos.pdf: 852702 bytes, checksum: b8a529594fa3cdd848c27b25f4e2e796 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-18T18:48:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Kelly Mary Viana dos Santos.pdf: 852702 bytes, checksum: b8a529594fa3cdd848c27b25f4e2e796 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-17 / Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os custos de adoção das ações sustentáveis aplicáveis ao Hospital Universitário Professor Alberto Antunes (HUPAA). Por meio de estudo das legislações pertinentes e uso de metodologia qualitativa, baseada em estudo de caso, procedeu-se á observação participante, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas com responsáveis pela gestão hospitalar como também com os colaboradores relacionados direta e indiretamente com as ações ambientais da instituição. Observou-se que dentre um universo de 27 (vinte e sete) práticas ambientais sustentáveis pesquisadas, o HUPAA desenvolve efetivamente 20 (vinte) ações, 03 (três) são parcialmente desenvolvidas e 04 (quatro) não são aplicáveis ao hospital. Constatou-se que o hospital investiu em torno de R$ 957.125,28 (novecentos e cinquenta e sete mil cento e vinte cinco reais e vinte e oito centavos) para adotar as práticas ambientais sustentáveis. Em relação à prática ambiental que apresenta maior impacto no orçamento hospitalar foi representada pela aquisição de equipamentos e materiais que consomem menos energia, o qual o hospital gastou o um valor anual de R$ 495.169,70 (quatrocentos e noventa e cinco mil cento e sessenta e nove reais e setenta centavos). Observou-se também a necessidade do HUPAA implantar novas práticas ambientais, as quais teria que investir um valor de R$ 169.111,04 (cento e sessenta e nove mil cento e onze reais e quatro centavos). Os dados encontrados demonstram que o HUPAA apresenta uma situação favorável no desempenho das suas práticas ambientais sustentáveis, porém o hospital tem a obrigação de adotar todas as práticas ambientais inerentes à legislação ambiental, uma vez que existe a necessidade dele cumprir com o seu papel social e legal. Contudo, espera-se que as informações levantadas nesta pesquisa sirvam de instrumento de gestão para tomada de decisões da gestão hospitalar, para estruturação do serviço de gerenciamento de resíduos, além de alertar para adoção de novas práticas ambientais sustentáveis. / This research aimed to analyze the costs of adoptions of the sustainable actions applicable to the University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes (HUPAA). By means of study of the pertinent legislations and use of qualitative methodology, based on case study it took place participating observation, utilization of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with the ones responsible for hospital management as well as the collaborators related direct or indirectly to the environmental actions of the institution. It was noticed that within the universe of 27 (twenty-seven) sustainable environmental practices researched, the HUPAA develops effectively 20 (twenty) actions, 03 (three) are partially developed and 04 (four) are not applicable to the hospital. It was observed that the hospital invested around R$ 957.125,28 (Nine hundred fifty-seven thousand one hundred twenty-five reais and twenty-eight scents) to adopt the sustainable environmental practices. With regard to the environmental practice, that presents the highest impact to the hospital budget was represented by the purchase of equipment and materials that expend less electricity, in which the hospital spent the annual value of R$495.169,70 (Four hundred ninety-five thousand one hundred sixty-nine and seventy scents). It was also observed the need of the HUPAA to establish new environmental practices, which should be invested an amount of R$ 169.111.04 (One hundred sixty-nine thousand one hundred eleven reais and four scents). The data found show that the HUPAA presents a favorable situation in the development of its sustainable environmental practices, however the hospital has the obligation to adopt all the environmental practices inherent to the environmental legislation, once that there is the necessity of it fulfills its social and legal role. Nevertheless, it is expected that the relevant information collected in this research may be useful as an instrument of management for decision-making of hospital management, the organization of the service of residue management, besides alerting for the adoption of new sustainable environmental practices.

<p> Impacts of climate change on the already severely strained freshwater resources of approximately 1000 inhabited islands in the Pacific Ocean are of great concern. The Western Pacific region is one of the world&rsquo;s most vulnerable when it comes to risk of disaster particularly for the several of the low-lying coral islands. Impacts have already been felt regarding the security of water resources that would directly impact agriculture, forestry, tourism and other industry-related sectors. The ironic and tragic aspect of the environmental crisis of greenhouse emissions is the fact that those parts of the world least responsible for creating the water security issues are the first to suffer its consequences. Pacific Island Nations are responsible for only 0.03 percent of the world&rsquo;s carbon dioxide emissions, and the average island resident produces only one-quarter of the emissions of the average person worldwide. </p><p> Utilizing the historical data, the evidence of change in water quality and access on Guam has been examined. All indicators except for the precipitation support the hypotheses that climate change trends are impacting Guam&rsquo;s water security. This will eventually weaken Guam&rsquo;s resilience. As a result of this research and its recommendations, a sustainable freshwater resources management plan, for a water-secured Guam can be produced. Adaptive management provided here is based on a process that can measure the resilience of Guam to the issue of water security.</p><p>