Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1919. / Bibliography: p. [82]-95.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-107). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Notre Dame, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 288-302).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Notre Dame, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-189).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1936. / Without thesis note.

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-190).

Thesis (doctoral)--Halle Universität, 1723. / At head of title: Q.D.B.V. In the text, the) = a backward C. Therefore, CI) = 1,000 and I) = 500. Errata at bottom of p. 70. Reproduction of original from Kress Library of Business and Economics, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 06197.1-1.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lunds universitet, 1761. / At head of title: I.H.J.N. Reproduction of original from Kress Library of Business and Economics, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 09667.13.

Concerns about changes in the quality of the maturing British spruce resource (principally stiffness) have raised doubts about maintaining strength grading pass-rates. Acoustic (or stress wave) instruments provide a non-destructive measurement of stiffness and are increasingly used to classify/segregate forests, trees and logs. A fundamental assumption in the use of acoustic instruments is that of constant density, yet there is little understanding of density variation within the British spruce resource. Understanding this variation is essential for understanding the accuracy of acoustic instruments, which can affect how and when they should be used. The extent of variation in density was determined experimentally from a range of sites with contrasting silviculture and environments, and trees within-site were chosen to reflect the extremes of growth rate. Variation within tree (important for log resonance measurement) was found to depend both on dominance class (i.e. relative diameter) and height within the tree. The density in the outer part of a tree (important for standing tree time of flight measurement) was found to vary with dominance class, distance in from the bark and season. Mean green density profiles of the outer part of the tree show that density ceases to be constant between dominance classes after 10 mm in from the bark. The effect of this variation could not be quantified because the propagation behaviour of the stress wave within a tree is not fully understood. An examination of wave propagation showed that it did not conform to behaviour as described in the literature and interaction with both density variation within the tree and with the tree's boundaries is likely to affect the accuracy of this technique. The utilisation of these instruments was also examined within a sawmill simulation study, to provide an alternative to simply diverting low stiffness logs to lower value, non-structural products. Exploiting the predictable within-tree stiffness variation and adjusting cutting patterns to avoid the lower stiffness core of lower stiffness logs allowed production of consistently higher stiffness battens. A reduction in twist and knot severity was also observed, but not at significant levels until the juvenile zone (first ten years) was completely excluded. All batten properties improved with increasing cambial age (number of growth rings from the pith). Alternative cutting patterns had no effect on the recoverable batten volume from within a log and showed considerable potential to improve value to sawmills.

Printing has a long and illustrious history as a craft industry. This study explores the effects of technological change on skilled workers in the Edinburgh general printing industry. Three, initially distinct, areas of sociological theory concerning technological change shaped the research questions. These were, firstly, to establish the nature of recent technological change, and what drives it; secondly, to explore managers' decision-making in relation to such changes; and thirdly, to understand how workers' experiences of work, and their relationships at work, have changed with these changes in technology. My findings are based on three waves of investigations carried out over fifteen years, using responses from both managerial and shop-floor staff in five selected companies. This was done initially through questionnaires and later through semi-structured interviews. At Wave One (1991-92), most companies had made initial changes towards sophisticated computerisation, which had become embedded by Wave Two (1996-97). By Wave Three (2005-06) there was an ongoing programme of continual updating of these established systems constrained by the need to maintain compatibility with the computer systems used by customers due to the global hegemony of computer manufacturers. However, the effects upon workers were unexpected. Computerised typesetting programs inevitably brought deskilling, but original skills, learnt and used by workers over many years of rapidly changing technology, did remain relevant, and the acquisition of new skills associated with computerisation was regarded favourably. The most significant change for workers was the increased pressure resulting from a close relationship with customers, with vastly reduced time allowed for each job, and some erosion of workers' capacity (and managers') to produce work which satisfied their own standards of quality. The three, originally separate, themes converged to show that the particular nature of computerised technology used in this sector of the printing industry has led to a change in the traditional capitalist production relationship. These workers were not alienated, their skills had not been entirely lost, as neo-Marxist labour process theory would suggest. Rather, relationships between managers and these skilled shop-floor workers were characterised by mutual respect and understanding of the need for collaboration, not conflict, in the face of external hostile pressures.