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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

ROMIE, une approche d'alignement d'ontologies à base d'instances / ROMIE, Resource based Ontology Mapping within an Interactive and Extensible environment

Elbyed, Abdeltif 16 October 2009 (has links)
L'interoperabilite semantique est une question importante, largement identifiee dans les technologies d’organisation et de l'information et dans la communaute de recherche en systemes d'information. L’adoption large du Web afin d’acceder a des informations distribuees necessite l'interoperabilite des systemes qui gerent ces informations. Des solutions et reflexions comme le Web Semantique facilitent la localisation et l’integration des donnees d'une maniere plus intelligente par l'intermediaire des ontologies. Il offre une vision plus semantique et comprehensible du web. Pourtant, il souleve un certain nombre de defis de recherche. Un des principaux defis est de comparer et aligner les differentes ontologies qui apparaissent dans des taches d'integration. Le principal objectif de cette these est de proposer une approche d’alignement pour identifier les liens de correspondance entre des ontologies. Notre approche combine les techniques et les methodes d’appariement linguistiques, syntaxiques, structurelles ou encore semantiques (basees sur les instances). Elle se compose de deux phases principales : la phase d'enrichissement semantique des ontologies a comparer et la phase d’alignement ou de mapping. La phase d'enrichissement est basee sur l'analyse des informations que les ontologies developpent (des ressources web, des donnees, des documents, etc.) et qui sont associes aux concepts de l’ontologie. Notre intuition est que ces informations ainsi que les relations qui peuvent exister entre elles participent a l’enrichissement semantique entre les concepts. A l’issue de la phase d'enrichissement, une ontologie contient plus de relations semantiques entre les concepts qui seront exploitees dans la deuxieme phase. La phase de mapping prend deux ontologies enrichies et calcule la similarite entre les couples de concepts. Un processus de filtrage nous permet de reduire automatiquement le nombre de fausses relations. La validation des correspondances est un processus interactif direct (avec un expert) ou indirect (en mesurant le degre de satisfaction de l’utilisateur). Notre approche a donne lieu a un systeme de mapping appele ROMIE (Resource based Ontology Mapping within an Interactive and Extensible environment). Il a ete experimente et evalue dans deux differentes applications : une application biomedicale et une application dans le domaine de l’apprentissage enrichi par les technologies (ou e-learning). / System interoperability is an important issue, widely recognized in information technology intensive organizations and in the research community of information systems. The wide adoption of the World Wide Web to access and distribute information further stresses the need for system interoperability. Initiative solutions like the Semantic Web facilitate the localization and the integration of the data in a more intelligent way via the use of ontologies. The Semantic Web offers a compelling vision, yet it raises a number of research challenges. One of the key challenges is to compare and map different ontologies, which evidently appears in integration tasks. The main goal of the work is to introduce a method for finding semantic correspondences among ontologies with the intention to support interoperability of Information Systems. The approach brings together syntactic, linguistic, structural and semantic (based on instance information) matching methods in order to provide a semi-automatic mapping. The approach consists of two phases: semantic enrichment phase and mapping phase. The enrichment phase is based on the analysis of the information developed by the ontologies (like web resources, data, documents, etc.) and that are associated to the concepts in the ontologies. Our intuition is that this information as well as the relations that can exist between them is used in semantic enrichment between the concepts. At the end of enrichment phase, the ontology contains more semantic relations between its concepts that will be exploited in the second phase. The phase of mapping takes two enriched ontologies and calculates the similarity between the couples of concepts. A process of filtering enables us to automatically reduce the number of false relations. The validation of the correspondences is a direct interactive process (with an expert) or indirect (by measuring the satisfaction level of the user). The approach has been implemented in a prototype system called ROMIE (Resource based Ontology Mapping within and Interactive and Extensible environment). It was tested and evaluated in two applications: a biomedical application and technology enhanced learning (or e-learning) domain application.

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