The Cripple Creek district, Colorado is renowned for its epithermal gold telluride veins which have produced over 21 million ounces of gold from an intensely altered alkaline diatreme complex (total production + economic resources of >900 tons Au, geologic resource >>1000 tons). Gold mineralization principally occurs as telluride minerals hosted by swarms of narrow veins composed of quartz ± fluorite, carbonate, adularia, pyrite > barite/celestite and accessory base metal sulfides. Mineralized hydrothermal breccias are also found in the district, along with low-grade, bulk tonnage resources that are targets of current mining activities. Newly recognized is a complex history of hydrothermal alteration and magmatism that led up to, and continued past the development of gold mineralization. These include the development of large volumes of low-temperature, alkali feldspar-rich styles of alteration, and more restricted volumes of high temperature, pyroxene and biotite-rich types. Gold mineralization is associated with voluminous K-feldspar + pyrite ± carbonate alteration that largely postdates igneous activity, and these are widely developed in the upper ∼1000 m of the volcanic complex. These follow a complex magmatic history characterized by at least three cycles of recharge. Although voluminous sulfate (anhydrite) and sulfide-rich styles of mineralization were also developed in the latest stages of hydrothermal activity, a remarkable aspect of Cripple Creek is the distinct underdevelopment of acid styles of alteration; feldspar and carbonate-rich styles of alteration predominate at all levels of exposure. The link between alkaline magmatism and gold deposits has been long recognized, but relatively recent discoveries of large, high grade deposits (Ladolam, Philippines, Porgera, Papua New Guinea), along with continued production from districts like Cripple Creek, encourages continued exploration. Salient characteristics shared by these deposits include telluride-rich mineralization accompanied by extensive carbonation, and voluminous K-metasomatism. Likewise, hydrolytic (acid) alteration tends to be poorly developed in many alkaline systems. This has important environmental implications, as the high acid buffering potential makes these deposits environmentally favorable to mine. The potential in alkaline systems for large and high grade deposits, coupled with the common lack of recognition of their distinctive styles of alteration and mineralization, makes these a compelling exploration target.

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by Hung Ching Nam. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 100). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2 --- Sobolev spaces of maps into metric space --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- "Lp(Ω,X) spaces" --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Maps with finite energy --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3 --- Differentiation of maps along a direction --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4 --- Theory of differentiation of maps --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5 --- Trace of maps on Lipschitz domains --- p.48 / Chapter 3 --- Sobolev maps into NPC space --- p.58 / Chapter 3.1 --- NPC space --- p.58 / Chapter 3.2 --- NPC space with curvature bound --- p.69 / Chapter 3.3 --- Sobolev maps into NPC space --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4 --- Tensor inequality for Sobolev maps --- p.77 / Chapter 4 --- Harmonic maps into NPC space --- p.79 / Chapter 4.1 --- Existence and uniqueness of Dirichlet problem --- p.79 / Chapter 4.2 --- Interior Lipschitz continuity of harmonic maps --- p.81 / Chapter 5 --- Equivariant harmonic maps --- p.86 / Chapter 5.1 --- A functional analysis lemma --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2 --- Existence of equivariant harmonic maps --- p.87 / Chapter 5.3 --- Compactification of NPC space --- p.93 / Chapter 5.4 --- Isometric action on CAT(-l) space --- p.96

by Tsui Wai-kwok Ricky. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-59). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Preliminary --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Some basic theorem --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Bubble tree Convergence for a sequence of harmonic map --- p.11 / Chapter 3 --- Heat Flow of Harmonic Maps on Riemann Surface --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- Existence of unique solution to the evolution problem --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Some Basic Estimates --- p.22 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Existence Result --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Behaviour of solutions near singular points --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2 --- Finite time Blow-up --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3 --- Energy Identity --- p.51 / Bibliography --- p.58

Chan Mei Shan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-76). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 0 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1 --- Preliminary --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1 --- Harmonic maps between Riemann Surfaces --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- "Minkowski 3-spaces, M21" --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3 --- Preliminaries from analysis --- p.21 / Chapter 2 --- Holomorphic quadratic differentials --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1 --- Solution on the Poincare disk D --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2 --- Solution on the complex plane C --- p.37 / Chapter 3 --- Harmonic Diffeomorphisms into H2 --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1 --- The case from D onto D --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2 --- Open harmonic embeddings from C into H --- p.53 / Chapter 4 --- Open harmonic embeddings with polynomial Hopf differentials --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1 --- Proof of the theorem --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2 --- Open harmonic embeddings on C with fixed ideal polygonal images in H2 --- p.65 / Bibliography --- p.74

by Lam Kwan Hang. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-76). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2 --- Maps into locally compact Riemannian complex --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Exitsence of energy minimizing maps --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Length minimizing curves --- p.10 / Chapter 3 --- Harmonic maps into nonpositively curved spaces --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- Nonpositively curved spaces --- p.13 / Chapter 3.2 --- Properties of the distance function --- p.16 / Chapter 4 --- Basic properties of harmonic maps into NPC spaces --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1 --- Monotonicity formula --- p.21 / Chapter 4.2 --- Approximately differentiable maps --- p.24 / Chapter 4.3 --- Local properties of harmonic maps --- p.28 / Chapter 5 --- Existence and uniqueness of harmonic maps in a ho- motopy class --- p.33 / Chapter 5.1 --- Convexity properties of the energy functional --- p.33 / Chapter 5.2 --- Existence and Uniqueness Theorem --- p.37 / Chapter 6 --- Homogeneous approximating maps --- p.40 / Chapter 6.1 --- Regular homogeneous map --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2 --- Homogeneous approximating map --- p.46 / Chapter 7 --- More results on regularity --- p.52 / Chapter 7.1 --- Intrinsically differentiable maps --- p.52 / Chapter 7.2 --- Good homogeneous approximating map --- p.62 / Chapter 8 --- Harmonic maps into building-like complexes --- p.65 / Chapter 8.1 --- F-connected complex --- p.65 / Chapter 8.2 --- Regularity and the Bochner technique --- p.66 / Bibliography --- p.75

by Tsoi, Man. / Thesis submitted in: July 1999. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-57). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2 --- Preliminary --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- Lie Group and Lie Algebra --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Harmonic Maps --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3 --- Some Factorization theorems --- p.17 / Chapter 3 --- A Survey on Unlenbeck's Results --- p.22 / Chapter 3.1 --- Preliminary --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2 --- Extended Solutions --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Variational Formulas for the Extended Solutions --- p.30 / Chapter 3.4 --- "The Representation of A(S2, G) on holomorphic maps C* → G" --- p.33 / Chapter 3.5 --- An Action of G) on extended solutions and Backlund Transformations --- p.39 / Chapter 3.6 --- The Additional S1 Action --- p.42 / Chapter 3.7 --- Harmonic Maps into Grassmannians --- p.43 / Chapter 4 --- Harmonic Maps into Compact Lie Groups --- p.47 / Chapter 4.1 --- Symmetry group of the harmonic map equation --- p.48 / Chapter 4.2 --- A New Formulation --- p.49 / Chapter 4.3 --- "Harmonic Maps into Grassmannian, Another Point of View" --- p.53 / Bibliography

Cheng Man Chuen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-80). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Different Notions of Negative Curvatures for Kahler Manifolds --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1 --- Definitions --- p.3 / Chapter 2.2 --- Adequate negativity of curvatures of classical domains of type I --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Adequate negativity of curvatures of classical domains of type IV --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4 --- Structure of complex semi-simple Lie algebra and its relation with Hermitian symmetric spaces --- p.28 / Chapter 2.5 --- Adequate negativity of curvatures of classical domains of type II and III --- p.34 / Chapter 2.6 --- Adequate negativity of curvatures of the two excep- tional bounded symmetric domains --- p.45 / Chapter 3 --- Complex-analyticity of Harmonic Maps between Compact Kahler Manifolds --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1 --- Existence of harmonic maps --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2 --- A Bochner type identity --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3 --- Complex-analyticity of harmonic maps --- p.58 / Chapter 3.4 --- Strong rigidity theorems --- p.62 / Chapter 3.5 --- Some further results from the Bochner technique --- p.64 / Chapter 4 --- Generalization to the Non-compact case --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1 --- A strong rigidity theorem for non-compact Kahler manifolds --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2 --- An existence theorem of harmonic map for Rieman- nian manifolds of finite volumes --- p.69 / Chapter 4.3 --- Bochner formula in the non-compact case --- p.71 / Bibliography --- p.78

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University / This study is designed as an analysis of the references to maps which appear in the activity sections of five sixth grade geography books.

A presente pesquisa analisou a acurácia posicional horizontal das bases do Bing Maps, Google Maps e da World Imagery da Esri quando utilizadas como referência espacial on-line em um Sistema de Informação Geográfica no Município de São Paulo (MSP). A metodologia adotada foi a baseada no Decreto Federal no 89.817/84 e na Análise Estatística proposta por Merchant (1982). A análise da acurácia foi desenvolvida a partir das diferenças entre as coordenadas de 240 pontos nas cartas 1:1.000 do Mapa Digital da Cidade de São Paulo (MDC) em relação às coordenadas homólogas nas três bases, considerando separadamente as coordenadas do eixo Norte e Este. A base do Google Maps para o MSP foi dividida em duas (mosaico de ortofotos na área central e mosaico de imagens de satélite nas regiões periféricas), devido à grande diferença de acurácia entre os dois produtos. Para classificar cada base a partir do Decreto 89.817 foi definida a escala na qual somente 10% das discrepâncias tivessem seu valor superior ao PEC, e a escala na qual o Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) da amostra das discrepâncias fosse igual a 60,8% do PEC. A escala final selecionada foi a menor (menos detalhada) entre as definidas em cada um dos processos. A Análise Estatística foi baseada nos testes de tendência e precisão. Como as três bases apresentaram tendência, a escala definida pelo teste de precisão não foi considerada no cômputo final das escalas, devido à dificuldade de se eliminar a tendência nessas bases quando utilizadas no SIG. As escalas finais obtidas, relativas à classe A, foram: Google Maps (imagens de satélite): 1:12.400; Google Maps (ortofotos): 1:3.588; Bing Maps: 1:10.881 e Word Imagery da ESRI: 1:8.420. Concluiu-se que os três produtos com escalas próximas a 1:10.000 apresentam acurácia para serem utilizados como bases em SIGs nos estudos para planejamento urbano e que o Google Maps (ortofotos, com escala próxima a 1:4.000) pode ser igualmente utilizada para planejamento, mas em função de sua acurácia maior, pode servir também para a gestão de serviços urbanos. A principal limitação encontrada para as bases no uso como referência espacial em SIGs foi a inclinação das feições distantes do nadir da imagem ou da ortofoto e o consequente recobrimento de áreas adjacentes a essas feições. Entretanto, essa limitação se mostrou quase desprezível para as escalas definidas para as bases na análise da acurácia. / This research has analyzed the horizontal positional accuracy of basemaps Bing Maps, Google Maps and ESRIs World Imagery when used as an online spatial reference within a Geographic Information System for the municipality of São Paulo. The methodology was based on criteria defined by Brazil Federal Decree 89817/84 and in the analysis proposed by Merchant (1982). The accuracy analysis was developed observing the discrepancies between coordinates of selected 240 points from the 1:1000 digital map of São Paulo compared to corresponding points in the three basemaps, (coordinate directions North and East were considered separately). The Google Maps basemap for the city of São Paulo was divided in two (ortophoto mosaic for the central area and satellite images mosaic in the remainder peripheral areas), due to the considerable differences in their accuracy patterns. In order to classify each basemap as per Federal Decree 89.817, we have defined a scale in which only 10% of discrepancies were above the LMAS90 and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the discrepancies sample was equal to 60,8% of LMAS90. The final selected scale was the smallest (less detailed) of those obtained in each of the processes. The statistical analysis was based on the test of bias error and by a test of precision. Because the three basemaps have presented biases, the final scales defined by the precision test were not considered in the results, for it is difficult to eliminate biases in these basemaps when used in a GIS. We have obtained the following final scales to class A of the Brazilian Decree: Google Maps (area covered by satellite images): 1:12.400; Google Maps (area covered by ortophotos): 1:3.588; Bing Maps: 1:10.881 and ESRIs Word Imagery: 1:8.420. In conclusion, (a) the three products with scales around a 1:10.000 present accuracy to be used as basemap in GIS for urban planning studies and (b) Google Maps (area covered by ortophotos, scale around 1:4.000) can be equally used for planning studies, as well as urban services manager, due to its greater accuracy. The key limitations for the use of such basemaps as spatial references in GIS was the inclination of features which are distant from the image or ortophoto nadir (off-nadir effects) and the consequent shadowing of adjoining areas. However, this limitation is almost irrelevant to the scales defined for the basemaps in the accuracy analysis.