Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1972. / Vita. Includes bibliographies.

Proefschrift--Groningen. / "Gebruikte litteratuur": p. [183]-188.

Summary of author's thesis, University of Stockholm. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-29).

Thesis (M.S.)--Corpus Christi State University, 1980. / "Conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service under P.L. 88-309 (Project no. 2-202-R)." Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-26).

Thesis--Lehigh University.

Proefschrift--Groningen. / "Gebruikte litteratuur": p. [183]-188.

The subtidal whelk Burnupena papyracea (Brugière) co-occurs with a voracious predator, the rock lobster Jasus lalandii (Milne Edwards), in situations where other potential prey are largely eliminated. This has been ascribed to a symbiotic bryozoan, Alcyonidium nodosum (O’Donoghue and de Watteville), which characteristically encrusts the shells of B. papyracea and deters feeding by Jasus. In this study it is shown that this is not due to physical effects of either induced physical defences in the bryozoan or increased shell strength due to the presence of the bryozoan. Neither spectroscopic screening of chemical extracts of the bryozoan nor analysis for volatile constituents revealed any apparent chemical components that are likely to deter feeding. Chemical extracts also failed to show larvicidal effects in a standard toxicity assay using the brine shrimp Artemia salina (Leach). Despite this, bioassays using individual Jasus indicated a chemical basis for feeding deterrence. The assays were run separately on three sets of Jasus and some repeats of assays gave contradictory results. However, assays showing no significant effect of treatment occurred with moulting Jasus, involved very low overall feeding rates and so gave a less convincing result. In other assays Jasus always avoided Burnupena papyracea with live Alcyonidium encrusting the shell, and food pellets containing Alcyonidium or an Alcyonidium extract. Significant preferences were shown for an unencrusted whelk, B. cincta (Röding), over B. papyracea; for B. papyracea with the bryozoan scraped off over natural B. papyracea; for B. papyracea on which the bryozoans had been killed with liquid nitrogen over untreated B. papyracea; and for food pellets prepared from ground, dried mussel over pellets prepared with dried mussel mixed with A. nodosum or its crude organic extract. It is concluded that the protection which Alcyonidium confers on Burnupena papyracea does have a chemical basis, but that the chemical responsible is either present in only trace quantities, or that it is a structurally unremarkable compound which is distasteful to Jasus. This work highlights both the advantages of using ecologically relevant bioassays (positive results when standard techniques give a negative result) and also the disadvantages (logistic constraints on sample sizes when using large test animals and individual variability in a relatively sophisticated test animal).

Ph.D. / Within the order Isopoda, only a few families are known to be parasitic. Representatives from the family, Cymothoidae, are obligate parasites of both marine and freshwater fishes. In South Africa, information regarding these isopods is scanty and the little that is known is mostly outdated and inaccurate. Currently only 12 species of cymothoid isopods are known from this region and thus it was hypothesised that with proper sampling and identification, this number would increase and that the known number is not a true reflection of the actual number of cymothoid isopods present. A complete revision of the southern African Cymothoidae is required and thus this project focussed on three of the least studied genera, Ceratothoa Dana, 1852, Cinusa Schioedte & Meinert, 1884, and Cymothoa Fabricius, 1787. The cymothoid isopods studied in this project were obtained from fresh collections along the southern African coast as well as from museum collections. The fresh material was obtained from various sampling trips along the east and south coasts of South Africa as well as from Zanzibar, Tanzania. The museum collections were loaned from a number of national and international museums, and preserved isopods were also collected from fish specimens housed in the South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB) museum. Isopods were dissected (if possible), drawn and described. Species descriptions were prepared in DELTA (Descriptive Language for Taxonomy) using a specifically constructed Cymothoidae data set. All valid members of the buccal inhabiting genera Ceratothoa, Cinusa and Cymothoa, were completely reviewed including a full account of the species synonymy, distribution, and known hosts as well as a few additional notes. Where applicable, a redescription of the type specimen was also provided and problematic combinations or issues in the species were discussed. Each species was then defined as valid, invalid or of questionable status and a complete reviewed species list for the genus was provided. According to the World Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Isopod Crustaceans database, there are 31 accepted Ceratothoa species names. After completion of the Ceratothoa review, eight species were considered questionable and another three were synonymised with other valid species. Thus, the species list was diminished to a total of 20 currently known and valid Ceratothoa species. In South Africa, another two new species were identified and described, which would increase the number of Ceratothoa species in this region to four, and will add another two species onto the world list once published.

No description available.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 141-154.