Some of the most striking changes in the production and marketing of dairy products have occurred since World War II. Dairy farming, for instance, has become more specialized and more commercial. Modern techniques of refrigeration, bulk handling, and transportation have made it possible for market milk to be shipped many miles without appreciable loss of quality.

In this study, possible cleaner production opportunities for a dairy processing facility are examined, considering the market milk production process. Cleaner production concept and its key tools of implementation were analyzed to build the basis of study. General production process and its resulting environmental loads are discussed by taking possible CP opportunities as the axis of study. A methodology is developed for cleaner production opportunity assessment in Milk Processing Facility of Atat&uuml / rk Orman Ciftligi. The methodology covers two major steps / preparation of checklists for assisting auditing and opportunity assessment / implementation of the mass balance analysis. For mass balance analysis, measurements and experimental analysis of the mass flows are utilized to determine the inputs and outputs. Prepared check lists are utilized to determine waste reduction options that could be implemented. Selected opportunities are evaluated considering its environmental benefits and economic feasibility.

The aim of the dissertation is the estimation of the profitability of cows breeding, keeping without market milk production at the agricultural company that farming in the marginal area. The agricultural company is farming in the southwest Bohemia, covering all agriculture land belonging to LFA area. This dissertation evaluates whole management of the cows breeding and the economic results at the years 2006 and 2007. The average status at the farm was 230 cows at 2006 and increment to 265 cows at 2007. The main factors affecting economic results of breeding cows keeping without market milk production are: fertility of cows, losses of calves, longevity of cows, optimum organization of breeding, price of the sale cattle and supports from EU and national subsidies. The results of the diploma thesis is, that the breeding cows keeping without market milk production is without supports from EU and national subsidies unprofitable, for attainment gain without supports from EU and national subsidies is important to decrease costs.

The diploma thesis is divided into three parts: cattle herd management, ethology and economic evaluation. The observation was carried out on the farm which is situated in the mountain region of Šumava mountain with decreasing agricultural production. The main production is cattle breeding without market milk production. These meat breeds (Hereford, Aberdeen angus, Charolais) are bred there.