No description available.

by Leung Ka Ho. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-63). / DISCLAIMER --- p.I / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.II / ABSTRACT --- p.III / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.IV / Chapter CHAPTER I --- FOUNDATIONS --- p.1 / Company Background --- p.1 / The Software Industry and Automate --- p.2 / Automate's 、Business Model - The Virtual Corporation --- p.4 / Distribution Channel Development History in Hong Kong --- p.6 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- INDUSTRIAL ANALYSIS --- p.9 / Software Market in General --- p.9 / Internal Rivalry --- p.10 / Entry --- p.11 / Substitutes --- p.12 / Buyer Power --- p.13 / Supplier Power --- p.14 / Automate --- p.15 / Competition and new entrant --- p.16 / Threat of Substitutes --- p.16 / Buyer Power --- p.17 / Supplier Power --- p.18 / Channel - Distributors --- p.18 / Competition and new entrant / Threat of Substitutes --- p.19 / Buyer Power --- p.20 / Supplier Power --- p.20 / Channel Dealers and Resellers --- p.21 / Competition and new entrant --- p.22 / Threat of Substitutes --- p.23 / Buyer Power --- p.23 / Suppl ier Power --- p.23 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- CHANNEL STRUCTURE --- p.25 / The Product Line - A Economic Perspective --- p.25 / Market Structure and Competition --- p.28 / Before 1988 --- p.29 / 1988 -1993 --- p.29 / 1993-1996 --- p.30 / 1996onwards --- p.34 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES --- p.37 / Growth Projections --- p.37 / New Market Challenges --- p.39 / Product Line Extension --- p.40 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- CHANNEL RESTRUCTURING --- p.42 / Economic Models --- p.42 / Determination of Service Level --- p.45 / Free Riding --- p.47 / Channel Structure --- p.48 / Retail Price Maintenance --- p.49 / Vertical Integration --- p.50 / Distributor's Role --- p.51 / The Problem Child --- p.52 / Cournot Competition Among Distributors --- p.52 / Pricing --- p.54 / Push Pricing Strategy --- p.56 / Pull Pricing Strategy --- p.57 / """Push"" or "" Pull""" --- p.58 / CONCLUSION --- p.61 / REFERENCES --- p.62 / Books --- p.62 / Periodicals --- p.62

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Agricultural Economics, 2006. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Nov. 17, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-124). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard University, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.

M.Com. (Marketing Management) / The majority of resources in the distribution channels for the perishable market in South Africa, have mostly been directed towards the formal sector. Since macro statistics showed that the informal sector's growth rate is 5 % to the 0,5 % per annum for the formal sector, companies have started to allocate resources towards distribution channels in the informal sector. Distribution channels in the informal sector are mainly characterised by two factors: Firstly a lack of knowledge concerning distribution channel management and strategies by the perishable market and in particular the organisation that was selected as focus, namely Sacca, and secondly, a lack of workable systems and infrastructure. The purpose of this study is, firstly to determine the level of distribution channel management in the perishable market of Southern Africa. This will enable organisations to formulate a framework for a distribution channel strategy to develop the informal sector. Secondly, to determine the potential of such a distribution channel into the informal sector. The methodology used to meet the above mentioned objectives consisted of a literature survey that defined the study and set out the current state of knowledge on the subject. Secondly field visits were conducted with business leaders from Sacca and with leaders in the field of informal sector studies to collect specific information on selected issues. Personal observation followed with a comparative analysis of Sacca in the areas of channel management and strategies were carried out. The major findings of the study are, firstly that traditional channel management is still being practised by the majority of organisations. Organisations are not correctly positioned to create the necessary structure whereof responsibility is a part. Secondly trends can be identify to make it easier for the organisation to enter the market. Thirdly organisations have limited knowledge about the informal sector's structure, opportunities and threats. Lastly that the importance of a distribution channel strategy framework can never be overestimated.

No abstract available / Graduate School of Business Leadership / M.B.L.

A discussion of reward, coercive, expert, legitimate, and referent power bases was the initial focus of this research. A review of the power sources literature suggested that vertical integration within a channel of distribution was a crucial precursor to develop a structure to facilitate the use of power without creating a significant conflict among channel participants. Elements of transaction cost analysis (TCA) were offered as being suitable for determining the existing level of vertical integration among respondent firms. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to develop a tentative model to determine proper use of power within varying levels of vertical integration.

本论文由两个供应链模型组成，是关于定价、渠道结构和策略消费者行为的综合研究。 / 由于互联网和电子商务的出现，在过去几年中大量创新的销售策略被引入到在线旅游业内。在第一部分中，我们主要研究了策略消费者的情绪因子（后悔）和不同的信息结构在“买方自主定价“渠道中的影响。通过加入策略消费者的预期后悔，我们首先刻画了每个消费者的购买渠道选择和投标策略，然后导出了以最大化利润为目标、具有双渠道结构的寡头服务供应商的贝叶斯纳什均衡，通过比较得到服务供应商的最优销售渠道选择和最优定价。最后，我们评估了不同类型的预期后悔（预期作为后悔和预期不作为后悔）对服务供应商定价，总利润和最优销售渠道选择的影响。对不同的信息结构按照相同的逻辑也做了分析。 / 另一方面，随着公众越来越意识到环境问题，绿色供应链管理已经得到了越来越多的关注。在第二部分中，我们建立了公司在两个部门下分别管理其新产品和可区分的再制造产品的定价模型。我们首先把在两个独立市场下的研究作为这一问题的基准，然后得到了在同一市场的广义模型下，集中式系统的最优定价以及分散式系统的纳什均衡结果。通过对确定性模型的分析和数值试验，得到了管理上的一些洞识。 / This thesis, consisting of two supply chain models, is an integrated study of pricing, channel structures and strategic consumer behavior. / Due to the the emergence of internet and e-commerce, masses of innovative selling strategies have been introduced in the online travel industry over the past few years. In the first part, we mainly investigate the impact of the strategic consumer’s emotional factor (regret) and the alternative information structure on the Name-Your-Own-Price (NYOP) channel. By incorporating the strategic consumers’ anticipated regret, we first characterize the optimal channel choice and bidding strategy for each consumer. Then we derive the Bayesian Nash equilibrium for a profit maximizing monopoly service provider with a dual channel. Optimal channel selection, followed by the corresponding optimal pricing decision, are obtained via comparison. Finally, we evaluate the impact of different types of anticipated regret - action regret and inaction regret - on the service provider’s pricing, overall profit and optimal channel selections. The alternative information structure could be analyzed following the same logic. / On the other hand, Green Supply Chain Management has gained increasing attention as the public becomes more aware of environmental issues. In the second part, we examine a pricing model for a firm that manages both new and differentiated remanufactured products under two divisions. We first investigate the problem under two independent markets as a baseline, and then derive the optimal pricing decisions in a centralized system as well as the Nash equilibrium results in a decentralized system for the general model under one market. Several managerial insights are obtained from the deterministic model and numerical study. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Jiang, Jun. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-124). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Table of Contents --- p.x / Chapter 0 --- Notation / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Sell through an NYOP Channel: Information and Regret --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- Literature Review --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Regret Theory --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Name-Your-Own-Price Selling Mechanism --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- The General Model and Assumptions --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4 --- Consumer Regret --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Consumer Inaction Regret --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Bayesian Nash Equilibrium with Inaction Regret --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Consumer Action Regret --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Comparison --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5 --- Consumer Information --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Clear Capacity --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- No Commitment of Clearing Capacity --- p.43 / Chapter 2.6 --- Extensions --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Vertical Integration of the NYOP Channel --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Optimal Linear Pricing Contract --- p.47 / Chapter 2.7 --- Numerical Study --- p.50 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- The Impact of Inaction Regret --- p.50 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- The Impact of Action Regret --- p.55 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- The Impact of Information --- p.59 / Chapter 2.8 --- Summary --- p.61 / Chapter 3 --- Intra-firm Competition in Manufacturing and Remanufacturing Operations --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2 --- Literature Review --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Model --- p.67 / Chapter 3.4 --- Random Return --- p.68 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Independent Market --- p.69 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Centralized System --- p.70 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Decentralized System --- p.72 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Multiplicative Return Form --- p.81 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Efficiency Improvement Methods --- p.83 / Chapter 3.5 --- Deterministic Model --- p.85 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Independent Market --- p.85 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Centralized System --- p.86 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Decentralized System --- p.89 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Coordination --- p.92 / Chapter 3.6 --- Numerical Study --- p.94 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- The Impact of System Parameters --- p.94 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Deterministic Model --- p.97 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Efficiency Improvement Comparison --- p.99 / Chapter 3.7 --- Summary --- p.100 / Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.101 / Appendix / Bibliography --- p.113

Distribution channel activities account for a large share of economic activity, and innovation in distribution is recurrently shown to hold great potential for efficiency-improvement and restructuring. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in innovations and their role in economic change. A growing body of work uses an evolutionary economic approach to these questions. Empirically, this research has primarily been directed towards innovation in product design or production processes, while innovation in distribution channels has remained a relatively unexplored area of study within evolutionary economics.This study was inspired by the possibility to use the emerging evolutionary economic theory to improve our understanding of innovation in distribution channels. The evolutionary framework is combined with theory on distribution channels, and the adapted framework applied to two cases of innovation in Swedish grocery trade. These two innovations, the introduction of the self-service format and the development of a vertically and horizontally coordinated, channel organisation, the so-called all-channel, have both been important in shaping distribution channel structures.In addition to providing some new insights into these historical developments, the study makes a contribution to the theory of distribution channels with regard to innovations. The role of the environment in shaping the characteristics of the innovation is an addition to conventional views of innovation in channel theory. The interdependent nature of actors and processes in distribution channel is acknowledged, and the possibilities for modularising the system is advanced as an important strategic tool in facilitating the adoptability of distribution innovations. However, the success or failure of an innovation is found to depend on the adopting actors’ ability to mobilise system-wide effects. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1998