by Chu Yu Lun, Stanley [and] Kwong Kin Hing, Edmund. / Includes bibliographies / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1984

by Wong Chun-Ming. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-53). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.ii / CHAPTER / INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Scope of study --- p.2 / Research Objectives --- p.3 / Methodology --- p.4 / LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / MACRO-ENVIRONMENT --- p.10 / DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN CHINA --- p.14 / TRADITIONAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN CHINA --- p.14 / The Pre-reform Structure: - The Three Tier system --- p.14 / Reform of Distribution System --- p.15 / The Reform of Wholesale System --- p.15 / Phase I: Abolition of State Monopoly --- p.15 / Phase II: Reforms in Pricing and Distribution --- p.16 / Phase III: Multi-ownership Type --- p.15 / The Reform of Retail System --- p.19 / Recent Development in Retail System --- p.20 / Problems of Traditional Distribution System --- p.22 / NEWLY DEVELOPED DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS --- p.25 / Direct Outlets --- p.25 / Direct Marketing in China --- p.25 / Foreign Agents Operating in China --- p.26 / SELECTION OF A DISTRIBUTOR --- p.27 / Types of Distributors in China --- p.27 / Where to Find a Distributor --- p.29 / Evaluating Potential Distributors --- p.30 / CASE STUDIES --- p.33 / Tobacco Manufacturer --- p.33 / Beverage Manufacturer --- p.37 / Watches Manufacturer --- p.40 / THE EXPERIENCE OF CASE STUDIES --- p.44 / CONCLUSIONS --- p.49 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.52

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993.

孫黎. / 本論文於1997年10月呈交. / 論文(碩士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院工商管理學部, 1998. / 參考文獻: leaves 138-147. / 中英文摘要. / Sun Li. / 摘要 --- p.1 / Chapter 壹 --- 緖言 --- p.3 / Chapter 貳 --- 文獻評論 --- p.8 / Chapter 一、 --- 循環論 --- p.8 / Chapter 二、 --- 衝突論 --- p.11 / Chapter 三、 --- 生態論 --- p.12 / Chapter 四、 --- 制度論 --- p.13 / Chapter 參 --- 交易成本理論框架 --- p.14 / Chapter 一、 --- 市場學中的交易成本理論 --- p.14 / Chapter 二、 --- 甚麼是交易成本 --- p.16 / Chapter 三、 --- 交易成本理論的假設 --- p.18 / Chapter 四、 --- 決定治理結構的因素 --- p.20 / Chapter 五、 --- 渠道治理結構的形式 --- p.23 / Chapter 肆 --- 制度演化分析框架 --- p.32 / Chapter 一、 --- 甚麼是市場 --- p.32 / Chapter 二、 --- 制度的內涵 --- p.33 / Chapter 三、 --- 制度與渠道演變的軌跡 --- p.35 / Chapter 四、 --- 制度演變與學習適應 --- p.40 / Chapter 五、 --- 制度演變的模型 --- p.43 / Chapter 六、 --- 作爲適應性機制的渠道 --- p.46 / Chapter 伍 --- 中國市場渠道分析框架 --- p.50 / Chapter 一、 --- 美國市場渠道的變革史 --- p.51 / Chapter 二、 --- 中國渠道結構的演變 --- p.52 / Chapter 陸 --- 實証分析 --- p.72 / Chapter 一、 --- 機會主義與制度分析 --- p.73 / Chapter 二、 --- 層級體系的分權化演變 --- p.88 / Chapter 三、 --- 計算機市場渠道分析 --- p.97 / Chapter 四、 --- 批發市場的興起 --- p.107 / Chapter 五、 --- 國有商業企業的發展 --- p.116 / Chapter 染 --- 結論與建議 --- p.130 / Chapter 一、 --- 總結 --- p.130 / Chapter 二、 --- 理論應用與發展 --- p.131 / Chapter 三、 --- 政策與策略管理的建議 --- p.133 / Chapter 四、 --- 硏究限制 --- p.136 / Chapter 捌 --- 參考文獻 --- p.138 / 附錄中英專有名詞翻譯對照 --- p.148

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1989.

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

published_or_final_version / Business / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

The perspective that asymmetrical power relationship on vertical channel would lead to dominating partner exploitation with the use of coercive power is examined within the context of horizontal channel exchange relationship between department stores and tenant retailers. A power structure-action-outcome framework is offered to study casual links between dependence (structural aspects of power), use of coercive and noncoercive power (action), and three aspects of outcome - economic and social satisfaction, commitment and strategic performance. Data was collected through personal interview with 302 small, medium size retail tenants of department stores in PR China. Analysis of findings provided support to the model and the hypotheses. Results confirmed that dependence and use of power were only weakly related. The findings demonstrate the contextual influence of Chinese collectivistic culture on coercive power which involves the use of punishment or penalty. To further explore the relationship between dependence and power, investigation was carried out to examine if dependence moderates the effect of coercive power on economic satisfaction, with a positive result. On the other hand, use of non-coercive power showed positive results for economic and social satisfaction, which are positively related to commitment and strategic performance. It can be concluded that use of non-coercive power is strongly recommended for store-tenant relationship in the retail sector of China. Once again, the importance of channel context must not be ignored in the study of distribution channel issues. / This research project contributes to the channel literature by adding to the contemporary state of knowledge on the use of power in horizontal channel relationships with power asymmetry, and constructs were brought together that have not been empirically investigated within a single study. It is unique in that the model was tested in non-American setting, namely PR China.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thanks to Taiwan¡¦s geographic advantage of being located in subtropics, tropical fruits in Taiwan have high quality. There is never shortage of variously fresh and high-quality fruits in four seasons of a year in Taiwan, which should have gained Taiwan competitive advantages in international markets and should have made Taiwan nominated to be a standard for international markets. However, a large number of problems and difficulties in production and marketing system of the fruit industry have caused tropical fruits in Taiwan unable to get into foreign markets. The prospect of this research is to find out the influential marketing factors by carefully examining export and other related difficulties; consequently, the purpose of this research is to find out the most effective solutions among a large number of marketing factors to help the fruit industry in Taiwan out of difficulties. The research methods used in this study are interviewing fruit production and marketing professionals to analyze the fruit export difficulties, assisted with marketing 4P and STP structure, brand thesis, and real case studies. With the above mentioned methods, I structurally analyze difficulties and problems. According to the findings of this research, tropical fruits in Taiwan evidently have powerful competitive advantages; however, the ¡§Product¡¨ aspect of 4P is still the major factor that should be solved at first when tropical fruits in Taiwan confront export competition. All of the followings, fruit classification, production capacity management, packing, freezing, inspection, brand and the other related factors, are the main problems mentioned consistently by professionals. This research also finds that ¡§brand¡¨ makes industry, government, schools reach one accord; therefore, it should be taken as our long-term developmental direction and the best strategy to resuscitate Taiwan¡¦s fruits in international markets. Nevertheless, as it is shown on the related documents, Council of Agriculture¡¦s brand identification system is nothing more than just providing a name to a species of fruit, which is unable to build up its fame to domestic consumers and much less to foreign markets. According to the above findings of this research, four suggestions are proposed as follows: 1. Establishment of national brand series: to take advantage of Taiwan¡¦s great fame, using its name to sell our tropical fruits, and to take rural towns¡¦ or Co-operatives¡¦ brand as the sub-brand or the extensive brand. 2. Brand clock: to promote and cross sell fruits in different seasons based on different fruit periods. To construct brand life span with brand clock by taking national brand as the principal axis and assisted with season fruits¡¦ production periods; as a result, Taiwan¡¦s fruits can be sufficiently provided to export markets all the year around, keeping out from unstable supply that Taiwan has confronted for a long time. 3. Market Segmentation and Positioning: tropical fruits enjoy the advantage of freshness and numerous species, but they are difficult to keep fresh. Although freezing technology has been improved a lot, keeping tropical fruits fresh during a long distance transportation is always a real challenge. Consequently, choosing a proper market to do marketing according to the feature of every kind of fruit is highly recommended. This will avoid fruit quality from declining caused by blindly selling all fruits to uncompetitive markets or caused by a long distance transportation. Both of the above situations will cause a negative impact on brand. 4. Fruit identification: to take fruits that agricultural units can easily promote as the major products, to enhance production, to abandon uncompetitive species of fruits, to effectively manage and control fruit cultivating technology (Intelligent property right and species control), and to promote fruit identification system. All of the above methods will help Taiwan¡¦s fruit industry have their competition in the market.