No description available.

Class of 2010 Abstract / OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the product information and pivotal studies of injectable medications to determine if a specific size descriptor was included and if information was provided for dosing patients with extremes of body weight (body mass index < 18.5 or > 40 kg/m2). METHODS: This is a descriptive study of medications that received an approved new drug application (NDA) by the FDA between 1 January 2004 and 30 January 2009. Any information related to size descriptors, or dosing of patients with extremes of weight, was extracted and evaluated with a dosing usefulness score that ranged from a low of 0 to a high of 3. A score of 2 or greater was considered at least minimally adequate for dosing patients with extremes of weight. RESULTS: Of the 84 medications evaluated, some reference to weight descriptors was found for 23 (27%). None of the medications had information that generated a usefulness score of 2 or greater. CONCLUSIONS: The product information and pivotal studies involving newly approved medications is inadequate for dosing patients with extremes of weight and further research is needed. The FDA should mandate that product information contain the size descriptor and extremes of body weight relative to age and height that were used to develop dosing recommendations.

The aim of this research was to determine ethnic and cultural influences on body composition, lifestyle, and aspects of body image (perception, acceptability, and satisfaction) of younger (age 18-40 years) Australian and Japanese males, the latter including groups living in Australia and Japan. The sample sizes of the three groups were 68 Japanese living in Australia, 84 Japanese living in Japan, and 72 Australian Caucasian males respectively. The methodology included body composition assessments (by anthropometry and DXA), lifestyle and body image questionnaires, and dietary records. The study found significant p<0.05) ethnic differences in the %BF at given BMI levels and for Japanese the BMI values of 23.6kg/m2 and 28.6kg/m2 were found to be equivalent to 25 and 30 for Caucasians when used to classify individuals as "overweight" and "obese". Equations in common use for the calculation of body composition in Japanese males were evaluated using modern methods of body composition assessment and found to need considerable modification. New regression equations that represent BMI-%BF relationships for Japanese and Australians were proposed: Japanese: Log %BF = -1.330 + 1.896(log BMI), (R2 = 0.547, SEE = 0.09); Australians: Log %BF = -1.522 + 2.001(log BMI), (R2 = 0.544, SEE = 0.10). Equations were also developed to predict %BF for Japanese and Australian males from body composition assessments using anthropometry and DXA: Japanese: %BF = 0.376 + 0.402(abdominal) + 0.772(medial calf) + 0.217(age), (R2 = 0.786, SEE = 2.69); Australians: %BF = 2.184 + 0.392(medial calf) + 0.678(supraspinale) + 0.467(triceps), (R2 = 0.864, SEE = 2.37). Lifestyle factors were found to influence perceptions of body image. / Australian males participate in physical activity more frequently than their Japanese counterparts (Australians = 98.6% involved in vigorous activity at least once per week, Japanese living in Japan = 85.7%, Japanese living in Australia = 72.1%). Significant differences p<0.05) in energy contribution patterns were found between the Japanese group (Protein: 14.4%, Carbohydrate: 50.4%, Fat: 28.1%) and Japanese living in Australia (JA: Protein: 16.3%, Carbohydrate: 47.3%, Fat: 32.3%) and the Australians (Protein: 17.1%, Carbohydrate: 47.9%, Fat: 30.6%). This shows that the Japanese living in Australia have adopted a more westemised diet than those living in Japan. Body Image assessments were done on all study groups using the Somatomorphic Matrix (SM) computer program and questionnaires, including the Ben-Tovim Walker Body Attitudes Questionnaires, (BAQ) the Attention to the Body Shape Scale (ABS), and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT). Japanese males tended to overestimate their weight and amount of body fat, while Australian Caucasian males underestimated these parameters. The Japanese groups had higher scores on the selfdisparagement subscale and lower scores on the strengths and the attractiveness subscales of the BAQ questionnaire than Australian males. Australian males also had higher scores on the EAT total score and the dieting subscale of the EAT questionnaire than Japanese males. When all groups of subjects selected their perceived body image from the SM program menu, these results had no relationship with measured body composition values, suggesting that further development of this program is needed for use in these populations.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Jönköping : Hälsohögskolan, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Univ. , 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

No description available.

Two anthropometric measurements were evaluated as possible risk factors for concussions among university contact-sport athletes: head and neck circumference ratio (HNCR) and body mass index (BMI). Athletes (N=575) competing in intercollegiate football, hockey, and soccer were followed prospectively for concussions over a 4-year period. A total of 86 concussions occurred, with a higher incidence among the female athletes. For HNCR, there was no consistent association observed with the exception of female hockey players. For BMI, there was no consistent association observed with the exception of male soccer players. Linear regression analysis revealed a statistically significant inverse association between HNCR and BMI among concussed athletes for both genders (p&lt;0.001). In conclusion, the novel HNCR was found to be a valid and reliable measurement ratio that may have potential clinical applications in predicting the risk of sustaining a concussion among contact-sport athletes.

Thesis (M. P. H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2008. / [School of Medicine] Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-111) Also available in print.