Zhang Yong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-130). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction: The Problem of Ideational Change --- p.1 / The Articulation of Ideas and Practices --- p.2 / Thesis Organization --- p.9 / Methodology --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Audience and Masses: Articulating with Different Media Institutions and Practices --- p.13 / Social Construction of Audience --- p.14 / The Reification of Masses and the Birth of Media Ideology --- p.22 / The Institutionalization of Masses --- p.30 / Legitimacy Crisis --- p.40 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- "The Introduction of ""Audience"": Localization and Transformation.……" --- p.42 / Localization --- p.43 / Transformation --- p.57 / Hybridization: Mixing of Masses and Audience --- p.65 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Audience Survey: The Legitimation of Audience --- p.69 / Capitalist Democracy: Three Types of Surveys in the US --- p.71 / Rescuing the Political Authority: Three Types of Surveys in China --- p.76 / Appropriation --- p.80 / Incorporation --- p.88 / Institutionalization --- p.98 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion and Discussion --- p.109 / Appendix --- p.117 / References --- p.121