本文從技術的政治經濟學視角，觀察中國上世紀七十年代末八十年代的廣播電視大學運動，主要采用文獻分析的方法，試圖去回答，爲什麽電大教育會從單位辦學制、個人自學制、學校辦學制這三種模式存走向單一的學校辦學體制？在電大運動所歸屬的更大的高教去國家化運動當中，爲什麽社會自治主義、新自由主義與電大教育接合失敗，而國家主義却成功了？爲了回答這些或具體或抽象的問題，本文在前人研究的基礎上提出了「新發展主義」的概念作爲分析工具，指出「效率範式」是七十年代末八十年代新發展主義的主要再現形式，它有追求「生産效率優先」和「成本效率」的兩個方面。在「發展主義範式轉移」的語境下，電大運動是國家以「技術動員」的方式徵用社會經濟資本實現人力資本積累的表現。通過使用新發展主義的「集中性-去集中性」這一對框架性工具，本文指出了社會自治主義表現爲「兩種效率衝突」以及「教育低效」的「反效率」，以及新自由主義表現爲「配置低效」的「反效率」，而與之相比，國家主義反倒因爲教育專業主義和機會平等政治的追求，而與新發展主義的效率追求形成了一致性。新發展主義與社會自治主義、新自由主義和國家主義在這一時期的「接合」與「接合失敗」，是單位辦學制與個人自學制的衰落，以及「公立非公費」的「學校辦學制」日漸崛起的原因。此外，本文從「新發展主義」出發，還提出了「改革辯證法」的認識論，作爲從「改革之交」理解共産中國的一種嘗試。 / From the perspective of political economy of technology, this research aims to analyze the Chinese Broadcasting and Television University Movement(TVUM) , and to answer two sets of questions: 1) During the TVUM in late 1970s and 1980s, why did the "university-organized learning" model rise? Why did the "danwei-organized learning" model and the "self-learning" model decline simultaneously? 2) Why was the TVUM articulated with Statism successfully? Why did the articulation of the TVUM with Social Autonomism and Neo-liberalism fail ? Documentary analysis is the main research method. In order to answer the questions above, this research constructs the efficiency-oriented model to illustrate and explain Chinese economic development in late 1979s and 1980s. In the context of the paradigm shift of developmentalism, the TVUM took it as the main purpose to promote the accumulation of human capital. In contrast with the "anti-efficiency" of Social Autonomism and Neo-liberalism, this research identifies that Statism unexpectedly presents its consistency with the effenciency-oriented model by combining the professionalism of education and equal-opportunity politics. The rise and the declination in the TVUM are attributed to the success and the failure of articulation with the efficenecy-oriented model respectively. Moreover, this research preliminarily constructs "the dialectics of the reform" as the perspective of interpreting Communist China for further research. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 劉阳. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2015. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184-192). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Liu, Yang.