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Compression effects on the phase behavior of microgel assembliesSt. John, Ashlee Nicole. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Lyon, L. Andrew; Committee Member: Breedveld, Victor; Committee Member: Hernandez, Rigoberto; Committee Member: Srininvasarao, Mohan; Committee Member: Weeks, Eric R.
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A study of compression loading of composite laminatesBerbinau, Pierre J. 03 April 1997 (has links)
The compressive behavior of continuous fiber composites is not as well
understood as their tensile behavior because research and industrial applications have until
recently focused on the latter. Furthermore, most theoretical and experimental studies on
the compression of composites have examined the case of unidirectional specimens with
fibers along the loading direction (0�� fibers). While this is a logical approach since it
isolates the failure mode specific to this geometry (kinking), the study of multidirectional
laminates is essential because these are used in all practical applications. Few theories
model the compressive behavior of multidirectional laminates. None of the theories
account for the stress field or the sequence and interaction of the various observed failure
modes (kinking, delamination, matrix failure) specific to the multidirectional configuration.
The principal objective of this investigation is to construct a realistic theory to
model the compressive behavior of multidirectional composites. Compression
experiments have repeatedly shown that the initial failure mode was in-plane kinking of 0��
fibers initiated at the edges of the specimens. We decided to base our compressive failure
theory upon interlaminar stresses because in multidirectional laminates these are known to
exist in a boundary layer along the edges. This required development of an analytical
theory giving the amplitude of these stresses at the free edges. We then incorporated these stresses into a new general microbuckling equation for 0�� fibers. The global laminate failure strain was determined through several fiber and matrix failure criteria. Theoretical predictions were compared with experimental results obtained from compression testing of graphite/thermoplastic laminates with the same ply sequence but different off-axis ply angles. The theory correlated well with experiments and confirmed that in-plane kinking was the critical failure mode at low and medium angles, while revealing that out-of-plane buckling was responsible for failure at high angles. Furthermore, the theory correctly predicted the sequence of various fiber and matrix failure modes. / Graduation date: 1997
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Failure analysis of a quasi-isotropic laminated composite plate with a hole in compressionIyengar, Nirmal 10 July 2009 (has links)
The ability to predict failure of laminated composites in compression has been doggedly pursued by researchers for many years. Most have, to a limited extent, been able to predict failure for a narrow range of laminates. No means, as yet, exist for predicting the strength of generic laminates under various load conditions. Of primary concern has been the need to establish the mode at failure in compression. Even this has been known to vary for fiber and matrix dominated laminates.
This study has been carried out to analyze the failure of specimens with a hole made of laminates with various quasi-isotropic stacking sequences. Different stacking sequences are achieved by rotating a [±45/90/0]s stacking sequence laminate as a whole with respect to the loading axis of the specimens. Two- and three-dimensional finite element models, using commercial packages, were generated to evaluate the stresses in the region of the hole. Two different compressive failure prediction techniques based on distinctly different failure modes have been used. The validity of these techniques was measured against experimental data of quasi-isotropic specimens tested. To investigate the applicability of the failure criteria for different laminated composite plates, analyses were repeated for specimens with different stacking sequences resulting from the rotation of the laminate.
The study shows the need for the use of three-dimensional analysis of the stress state in the vicinity of the hole in order to be able to accurately predict failure. It also shows that no one mode of failure is responsible for limiting the strength for all laminate orientations but rather the mode changes with change in stacking sequence. The failure of the laminate with a hole was seen to be very sensitive to the stacking sequence. Experimental data presented also shows that the peak strength obtainable from the laminate analyzed, [±45/90/0]s, is going to be in the off-axis configuration rather than on-axis placement of the stacking sequence with respect to the loading direction. / Master of Science
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Compressive strength and behavior of 8H C3000/PMR15 woven composite materialMirzadeh, Farshad January 1988 (has links)
Center-notched and unnotched specimens cut from Celion 3000/PMR15 woven composite panels with 60% fiber volume fraction were tested under quasi-static compressive load to failure at room temperature. Micrographic evidence clearly identifies the mode of compressive failure as fiber kinking. Each fiber in the kink fractures because of a combination of compressive and shear stresses. A post failure mechanism follows the local fiber bundle failures, which completely deforms the material by large cracks. ln center notched specimens, fiber kinks start from the notch and propagate to some distance from the notch before the post failure takes place. The effect of bundle interactions on stresses and strains was clearly distinguished by comparing the results of the finite element analysis of a bundle surrounded by other plies to the results of the Moire interferometry on the edge of a laminate. A model was introduced which incorporated the micromechanical geometry as well as the constituent properties to predict the notched and unnotched compressive strengths of the woven material. For notched strength predictions, the Average Stress Criterion was used, and the characteristic distance was found to be a function of laminate thickness. Predicted notched and unnotched strengths correlate very well with the experimental results. / Ph. D.
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Analysis of a muscle-like device consisting of inextensible cords in an incompressible materialKeeling, William Leland, 1940- January 1964 (has links)
No description available.
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Effects of layer waviness on compression-loaded thermoplastic composite laminatesAdams, Daniel O'Hare 25 August 2008 (has links)
The effects of layer waviness on the compression response of T3001P1700 carbon/polysulfone composite laminates were investigated both experimentally and analytically. A three-step procedure was used to fabricate isolated layer waves into the central 0° layer of [90₂,/0₂/90₂/0₂/90₂/0<sub>2w</sub>]<sub>S</sub> laminates. The influence of various layer wave geometries on the static compression strength and compression fatigue life were determined experimentally. Moire interferometry was used to investigate the disturbance in the displacement fields and the modes of deformation associated with layer waviness under compression loading. The state of stress in the vicinity of the layer waves and the influence of the layer waves on static compression strength were predicted using a planestrain finite element analysis which included material nonlinearity. / Ph. D.
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Investigating the effect of compression on the permeability of fibrous porous mediaVan Heyningen, Martha Catharina 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Fluid flow through porous media plays an important role in a variety of contexts of which
filtration is one. Filtration efficiency of fibrous filters depends on the micro-structural
characterization of these porous materials and is reflected in the permeability there-of.
Compression of fibrous porous media has a significant effect on the permeability. Experimental
data indicate that the permeability varies generally with more than an order of
magnitude over the narrow porosity range in which the compression takes place. Relative
to the amount of experimental studies regarding this phenomenon, there is a scarcity of
geometric models in the literature that can account for the effect of compression on the
permeability of a fibrous porous medium. Within the context of existing geometric porescale
models based on rectangular geometry, a new model is presented and an existing
model improved to predict the effect of one-dimensional compression in the streamwise
direction. In addition, without compromising on a commitment to mathematical simplicity,
empirical data of a non-woven fibrous porous medium was used to highlight the
effect of model geometry on its predictive capability. Different mathematical expressions
for the relationship between compression and porosity were considered. The permeability
is expressed explicitly in terms of the fibre diameter and the compression fraction and
implicitly in terms of the porosity. The porosity is incorporated through the relationship
between the linear dimensions of the geometric model. The general applicability of the
model(s) was validated by making use of data on airflow through a soft fibrous porous
material as well as through glass and nylon fibres. The permeability predictions fall within
the same order of magnitude as the experimental data. Given the mathematical simplicity
of the model(s), the prediction capability is satisfactory. Attention is drawn to assumptions
made and model restrictions within the analytical modelling procedure. A general
predictive equation is presented for the permeability prediction in which a solid distribution
factor is introduced. The proposed models serve as basis for further adaptation and
refinement towards prediction capability. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vloei van vloeistowwe deur poreuse media speel ’n belangrike rol in ’n verskeidenheid kontekste
waarvan filtrasie een is. Die filtrasie doeltreffendheid van vesel filters hang af van
die mikro-strukturele karakterisering van hierdie poreuse materiale en word gereflekteer
in die permeabiliteit. Kompressie van veselagtige poreuse media het ’n beduidende effek
op die permeabiliteit. Eksperimentele data dui aan dat die verandering in permeabiliteit
gewoonlik oor meer as ’n orde grootte strek oor die klein porositeitsinterval waarin die
kompressie plaasvind. Relatief tot die aantal eksperimentele studies rakende hierdie verskynsel,
is daar ’n tekort aan geometriese modelle in die literatuur wat die effek van
kompressie op die permeabiliteit van veselagtige poreuse media in ag kan neem. Binne
die konteks van bestaande geometriese kanaal-skaal modelle gebasseer op reghoekige geometrie,
is ’n nuwe model voorgestel en ’n bestaande model verbeter om die effek van
een-dimensionele kompressie in die stroomsgewyse rigting te voorspel. Sonder om die
verbintenis tot wiskundige eenvoud prys te gee, is empiriese data van ’n nie-geweefde
veselagtige poreuse medium gebruik om die effek van die geometrie van ’n model op sy
voorspellingsvermo¨e uit te lig. Verskillende wiskundige uitdrukkings is oorweeg vir die
verband tussen kompressie en porositeit. Die permeabiliteit is eksplisiet uitgedruk in
terme van die veseldiameter en die kompressie breukdeel en implisiet in terme van die
porositeit. Die porositeit is ge-inkorporeer deur die verhouding tussen die lineêre dimensies
van die geometriese model. Die algemene toepaslikheid van die model(le) is gestaaf
deur gebruik te maak van data oor lugvloei deur ’n sagte veselagtige poreuse materiaal
sowel as deur glas en nylon vesels. Die voorspellings van die permeabiliteit val binne
dieselfde groote orde as die eksperimentele data. Gegee die wiskundige eenvoud van die
model(le), is die voorspellingsvermoë bevredigend. Aandag is gevestig op aannames wat
gemaak is en modelbeperkings binne die analitiese modellerings prosedure. ’n Algemene
voorspellingsvergelyking is voorgestel vir die voorspelling van die permeabiliteit waarin
’n vaste stof distribusie faktor geinkorporeer is. Die voorgestelde modelle dien as basis
vir verdere aanpassing en verfyning van voorspellingsvermoë.
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Modified Indirect Tension Testing of Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concrete Samples Exposed to Different Environmental ConditionsUnknown Date (has links)
Laboratory experiments were conducted to observe, document and evaluate the mechanical behavior of Fiber Reinforced Concrete after being submitted to five different environments for 8 months. The specimens were molded and reinforced with synthetic fibers with a composition similar to that used for dry-cast concrete. Four different types of fibers with different composition were used. The fibers were mixed with the concrete to create the samples and the samples were exposed to different environmental conditions. Some of these environments were meant to increase degradation of the interface fiber-concrete to simulate longevity and imitate harsh environments or marine conditions. The environments consisted of: a high humidity locker (laboratory conditions), submerged in the Intracoastal Waterway in a barge (SeaTech), a wet/dry cycle in seawater immersion simulating a splash/tidal zone, low pH wet/dry seawater immersion cycle and samples submerged in calcium hydroxide solution. The latter three were in an elevated temperature tank (87-95°F) to increase degradation process. The specimens were monitored weekly and the environments were controlled. Then, specimens were evaluated using different mechanical testing as the Indirect Tensile (IDT) test method, compressive strength according to ASTM standards. Results of testing were documented and observed in this study for further understanding of mechanical properties of Fiber Reinforced concrete. Forensic observation of fiber distribution after the IDT tests were also performed. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
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Alkane fluids confined and compressed by two smooth gold crystalline surfaces: pure liquids and mixturesMerchan Alvarez, Lina Paola 17 January 2012 (has links)
With the use of grand canonical molecular dynamics, we studied the slow ompression(0.01m/s) of very thin liquid films made of equimolar mixtures of short and long alkane chains (hexane and hexadecane), and branched and unbranched alkanes (phytane and hexadecane). Besides comparing how these mixtures behave under constant speed compression, we will compare their properties with the behavior and structure of
the pure systems undergoing the same type of slow compression. To understand the arrangement of the molecules inside the confinement, we present segmental and molecular density profiles, average length and orientation of the molecules inside well layered gaps. To observe the effects of the compression on the fluids, we present the number of confined molecules, the inlayer orientation, the solvation force and the inlayer diffusion coefficient, versus the thickness of the gap. We
observe that pure hexadecane, although liquid at this temperature, starts presenting strong solid-like behavior when it is compressed to thicknesses under 3nm, while pure hexane and pure phytane continue to behave liquid-like except at 1.3nm when they show some weak solid-like features. When hexadecane is mixed with the short straight hexane, it remains liquid down to 2.8nm at which point this mixture behaves solid-like with an enhanced alignment of the long molecules not seen in its pure form; but when hexadecane is mixed with the branched phytane the system does not present the solid-like features seen when hexadecane is compressed pure.
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Reaction synthesis of dynamically-densified Ti-based intermetallic and ceramic forming powdersNamjoshi, Shanatanu Ashok 05 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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