A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.

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Wireless devices have invaded the medical industry with a wide range of capability as components of a wireless personal area network (WPAN) and Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). The recent advances in Internet of Things (IoT) promises even larger contributions to the future of medical applications. This paper investigates the Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth Smart- BTLE) for indoor localization of HealthCare devices used in medical telemetry applications and demonstrates the key role that localization plays in tracking of Bluetooth Low Energy enabled medical devices. Proper tracking of these devices provides better management which would directly reduce the transmission of infectious diseases which can result from improper sharing of these devices. This work will investigate the novel indoor localization technologies of BTLE devices with creative research strategies, and their applications as a basis for ultimately improving health standard using BTLE localization.

Healthcare is a topic that matters since it aims to ensure better well-being for people. An important and essential part of health care is medical devices since it has the potential to increase the quality of life for people with a health problem. Among the suppliers of innovation, the medical device industry is a dynamic field providing thousands of products to the market every year with the aim to enhance people's lives. However, there are many actors that influences the medical device development such as regulations that ensures that medical devices follow a specific procedure during development, at the same time buyers and end-users need to be integrated throughout the medical device design, this results in challenges during medical device development. This thesis focuses on new product development (NPD) and investigates how projects are managed in a medical device context. Furthermore, the thesis elaborates projects of different novelty and the influence from the characteristic of complexity. This is done with a single-case study of a case company that develop and market medical devices. The empirical findings shows that the main challenges are in the area of clinical studies and product development, furthermore, managing NPD projects in a medical device context deals with specialized knowledge that is dispersed among a group of actors which can influence the development of the medical device no matter the novelty. It was found that the difference between the studied projects was minor in terms of complexity. Though, it was noticed that the project of radical novelty had more interaction with the end-user, which can relate to uncertainty in the function of the product, as a consequence from being completely new product. As a result from the findings, the implication is that the projects can not be treated and managed similarly as a result from uncertainty, thus, it depends on the integration of actors, consequently, influencing time of development and resources. This thesis contributes to the community of companies operating in a medical device context where there is minor focus on complexity in projects, it was found that it might be beneficial to make distinctions in complexity characteristics when identifying challenges and addressing NPD projects in a medical device context.

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Abstract According to Standard & Poor, the market of the global medical devices of orthopedics in 2002 is $13 billion , the U.S.A market accounts for the always selling of 60%, about $7,6 billion, there is 13% to 16% increasing in every year, it is estimated that will growing up over twice within ten years , Currently, Taiwan market of the artificial joint products which mainly come from importing in foreign countries, such as Zimmer , J&J DePuy , Stryker,Wright , Smith&Nephew and British¡¦s company of Biomet ,etc. And Taiwanese medical device of orthopedics companies shares less 1% of global orthopedics market. In general speaking, besides U.S.A market, the market of Mainland China can be expected to grow up 20-30% in every year; the annual increasing in Japan and South Korea. are about 10-15%; Taiwan market also annual grow up 4-6% . The rest of Asian countries of healthcare insurance systems do not build up well so far. These countries will strong and increasing the national income and aging population in future, it is expected that the market scale will be expanded day by day. Case study found the orthopedics apparatus industry of development is influenced by government medical devices regulation and reimbursement system. Due to the loss of medical expenditure and reimbursement system reform that threaten to influence the development of transnational medical devices of orthopedics directly, relatively but the opportunity to medical device of orthopedics of native country of Taiwan enterprises. The manufacturer of Taiwan is one of the international division system, have ability to manufacture and development. Taiwan becomes the center of research and development, stand firm in the most key position in the value chain of production. Then could keep the advantage manufacture in abroad and maintain it with international factory's strategic partner's relationship. Key words: Medical devices, Transnational enterprises, Native country of Taiwan enterprises , Orthopedics apparatus , Competitiveness advantage

Thesis (M.S. in M.E.)--School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. Directed by Jonathan S. Colton. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-88).

Master of Science / Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering / Punit Prakash / The primary objective of this research is to implement an experimentally validated computational model to guide device design and selection of energy delivery strategies for treating chronic rhinitis by radiofrequency ablation. Chronic rhinitis is one of the most common global health problems. It is not life-threatening but has a severe impact on quality of life. Direct cost by chronic rhinitis is enormous and places a burden on societies. Radiofrequency ablation is proposed to be as an efficient treatment providing symptom relief and avoiding side effects compared to traditional therapies. Three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) models were developed to investigate RFA devices and energy delivery strategies. FEM computational models could provide vital variable profiles that are technically challenging to determine through experiments. Also, computer simulation could reduce the number of experimental procedures during the device design process. First, single pair bipolar RF ablation experiments were performed to validate FEM simulations using the same geometry as in experiments. The data from experiments and simulations had a high correlation (R = 0.91). Second, the Neurent basket electrode was employed in experimental ablations in egg white, for comparison against FEM simulations. Smaller lesion sizes were observed in experiments compared to simulations, attributed to thermal convection that was not accounted for in simulation. Finally, FEM simulations were used to investigate the effects of basket electrode diameter, length, and applied power on ablation zone formation. A shorter but wider electrode with a maximum spacing distance between two pairs of electrodes is preferable to create discontiguous ablation zones. 50% duty cycle was recommended to create thermal ablation zones with gradually increasing temperature and sufficiently large thermal lesion volumes.

This master’s thesis deals with design of defibrillator. It is a medical device for restoration of proper heart rhythm. The proposal respects the current production, but should draw their own concepts. The actual solution consisting in a combination of manual and fully automatic defibrillator. Applicability should include a wide range of expertise. The proposal is completely prepared in compliance with all aspects of construction of defibrillator.