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Mothers and their Children: Harry Potter and Melanie KleinMur, Kristina 26 March 2014 (has links)
This thesis analyzes the mother-child relationship in the Harry Potter novels by using Melanie Klein’s object-relation based theory. I argue the mothers and their relationship with their offspring represent fragments of a whole complicated psyche. The characters are not analyzed as individuals, but instead as pieces, sometimes multiple pieces, of a whole psyche. When these characters and novels are taken together, a whole, multi-faceted person comes into view. Rowling depicts both good and bad mothers, and children who characterize different positions according to Klein. These positions are the paranoid-schizoid position with Harry Potter and the depressive position with Sirius Black and Rubeus Hagrid. Although the series suggests a developmental arc or a coming of age story within fantasy literature, there is no linear progression; instead, there are disruptive positions without development.
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Psychoanalytical approach to serial killersPistorius, Micki January 1996 (has links)
The phenomenon of serial killers is increasing world wide.
During the past decade the most memorable cases of serial
homicide in South Africa have been those of the "Norwood serial
killer", the "Station Strangler", the "Cleveland serial killer",
"The Gaunteng serial killer" and the "St Charles serial killer".
The enigma surrounding serial killers is the so-called "lack of
motive'' for the murders. No extrinsic motive such as robbery,
financial gain, revenge or passion exists as there usually would
be in the case of other murders.
The available literature indicates that several theories have
been proposed to explain the origin of serial homicide, but none
can explain sufficiently to the author why one person with a
certain type of background and exposed to a certain environment
becomes a serial killer, whilst another, with a similar
background and circumstances does not. The theories that are
discussed are the socio-cultural factors, Ressler's motivational
model, systemic factors, demonic possession, neurological
factors, psychogenic factors and fantasy.
In this thesis the author attempts to answer the question "What
is the origin of serial homicide" by applying selected aspects
of the psychoanalytic theories of Freud and Melanie Klein on two
case studies of South African serial killers. The author
formulates twenty nine statements of her own, based on the
theories of Freud and Klein which she applies to the two case
studies.
The cases of the "Station Strangler" in Mitchell's Plain, Cape
province, and the "St Charles serial killer" in Donnybrook, KwaZulu
Natal are selected. Both of these serial killers are
organized in their modus operandi, but the "Station Strangler"
is a ego-dystonic killer and the "St Charles serial killer" a
ego-syntonic serial killer.
The method of research is a qualitative case study method. The
author divides the selected aspects of Freud and Klein's theories
into categories and analyses the two cases presented according
to these categories. In the final chapter she draws maps to
illustrate the psychoanalytical developmental paths of serial
killers in general and for each of the two cases. Multiple data
sources are used for example interviews with the serial killers
and their families, police dockets, court proceedings and
psychiatric records. Multiple data sources, explanation building
and replication by way of multiple case studies are employed to
ensure construct validity, internal validity and external
validity respectively. Reliability is supported by entering the
data in a South African Police Service data base.
In conclusion the author compares the differences and
similarities between the two case studies, and discusses the
statements which are supported by this research. She also
recommends that those statements which are not supported, be
discussed in consecutive case studies. The statements are
generalized to all serial killers. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 1996. / gm2013 / Psychology / unrestricted
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“Judas’ kiss” - the experience of betrayal : a Kleinian approachFerreira, Marta Anna 11 September 2007 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to discover and describe the structure and essential meaning of the experience of betrayal in intimate relationships. Previous and current research has directed much attention to the consequences and effects of betrayal in relationships, however the essential experience of the phenomenon of betrayal has received less attention. The experience of betrayal was approached from a Kleinian perspective. A review of the literature revealed that betrayal per se is less frequently found in psychological texts although extensive reference to the construct is found in the field of sociology, in texts on deviance (Ben-Yehuda, 2001). However, inherent aspects of the phenomenon may be recalled for the purposes of this study, notably trust and loyalty. Trust is considered to be an intrinsic variable in the phenomenon of betrayal. Loyalty appears to be an interchangeable variable and is briefly included in this study. Trust as a significant aspect in the establishment of human relationships was discussed with reference to relevant psychological paradigms. The bridge to Kleinian theory was formed using trust as a fundamental aspect of the primary mother-infant relationship. Further exploration of core Kleinian constructs and Klein’s developmental positions, were also integrated in elucidating the phenomenon of betrayal in intimate relationships. Being qualitative in nature, the experience of betrayal was explored using research principles of grounded theory (Strauss&Corbin, 1990/1998) for the purposes of data reduction, analysis and generation of theory. In addition, the qualitative research interview, proposed by Kvale (1996), was used to collect the data. In-depth interviews with five participants and a second interview with one of the participants were conducted. The participants were unknown to myself as the researcher, prior to commencing the study and they were formally approached by three fellow practising psychologists. Furthermore, the study of the experience of betrayal included verification of the transcribed interviews by the participants, prior to data reduction and analysis. In this manner, opportunities for further reflection and an enhanced understanding of the experience of betrayal were provided. The core category which emerges from this inquiry is a sense of alienation which individuals experience as a result of betrayal in intimate relationships. Therefore, contrary to Klein’s extensive emphasis on intrapsychic processes, the interpersonal nature of individuals cannot be excluded or underestimated. These findings specifically contribute to Kleinian theory, social psychology, sociology, theology and psychotherapy. In this study the participants’ experience of betrayal, the consequences for the participants themselves and the outcome of the relationships were addressed. Furthermore, the significance of cognitive processes in adulthood and the theoretical implications of the relational phenomenon of betrayal for further research were mentioned. Contributions to Klein’s theory as well as a critical review of the research methodology and a critique of the strengths and limitations of this study were also included. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Psychology / PhD / Unrestricted
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