In today's society we need an emergency communication system to facilitate communication for when disaster strikes. Where the previous attempts only focused on the network communication and were missing a messaging capability between users. This thesis focused on using blockchain technologies and distributed technologies to validate if a messaging application could be built for a LoRaMesh network by using these technologies. This thesis uses the Design science method to create a design and a proof-of-concept messaging application based on the LoRaMesh protocols network constraints. The first step was to gather knowledge about Blockchain technologies and distributed technologies since these were found to be able to complement weaknesses of IoT protocols and their devices. This knowledge was then used to create a design which could then be used to create the proof-of-concept application and a controlled experiment used to validate the solution.  The controlled experiment was executed in two different iterations for a total of 430 test runs. From this controlled experiment quantitative data could be collected and then measured using the statistical analysis method linear regression analysis. The linear regression analysis was used to produce statistical data to validate the design and proof-of-concept application by controlling it against a standard p-value. The results and conclusions of this thesis contributed to new knowledge by showing how Blockchain technologies and distributed technologies can be used to complement each other. To gain a decentralized message application which can be used in an Emergency communication network based on the LoRaMesh protocols network constraints.

Increased globalization and the thought of converging values has lead marketing practitioners and academics to consider more standardized approaches to marketing and advertising strategies. Even though cultures seem to evolve closer to each other, cultural diversity still exists. Advertising reflects and influences our cultural values and therefore it cannot be ignored when building effective advertising. Results show that culture impacts execution more than creative strategy (Wei & Jiang, 2005) and therefor execution is seen as an important element of cross-cultural marketing and advertising. The emergence of new social media channels is raising the question whether previous execution styles are suitable for these marketing channels and whether similar connection with the culture exists. This thesis examines how cultural characteristics are reflected in advertising execution and draws special attention to the marketing communication through mobile messaging applications. However, this study takes new approach for viewing culture’s influence on advertising executions by exploring the preferences of audience. This research aims to shed light on the under researched area of cross-cultural advertising in Asian region in terms of two culturally similar countries. This study examines Chinese and South Korean preferences and perceptions of execution styles and explores to what extent similarities and differences occur. These similarities and differences are analyzed in terms of culture and whether these findings can be attributed to the nations' cultural characteristics. To address the topic holistically in its cultural context, a qualitative mixed-methods research approach was adopted for this research. This present study combines cultural and advertising theories to produce a theoretical frame for data collection and further analysis. Findings indicate that culture does influence execution preferences even in rather similar cultures. Although advertising reflects nations’ cultural values, it does not directly translate into the preferences of that audience. This study indicated that the channel of marketing communication influences execution preferences. Mobile messaging application as a marketing channel was seen affecting the preferences of Chinese and Koreans towards more direct and informational communication which have been considered untypical for East Asian cultures. However, overall changes in the preferences appeared indicating value shift, changes in the expressions of culture, or paradoxal values. Results suggest that cross-cultural marketers and advertisers should recognize the importance of cultural characteristics when planning and designing execution strategies.