Although the most prominent view in psychological theory has been that negative feedback should generally have a detrimental impact on motivation, competing perspectives and caveats on this prominent view have suggested that negative feedback may sometimes have neutral or even positive effects on motivation. A meta-analysis of 79 studies examined the effect of negative feedback on motivation and related outcomes with both child and adult samples. Results indicated that negative feedback compared to positive feedback decreased intrinsic motivation and perceived competence. This effect is much smaller when compared to neutral or no feedback. Moderator tests revealed that the effect of negative feedback seems to be less demotivating when a) the feedback statement includes instructional details to improve, b) compared to objective versus normative standards, and c) the task is interesting. Implications for future research and applications to real-world settings are discussed. / text

The research outlined in this thesis covers various different statistical issues relating to meta-analysis of survey data. These issues include the creation of an original comprehensive methodological framework for combining survey data, a comparison of this framework with the traditional one proposed by Cochran for the combination of experiments, a proposal for a new weighting method that takes into account the differences in variability due to the sampling plan, an examination of the convergence of meta-analytic estimators, and a discussion on the numerous implicit assumptions researchers make when they are using meta-analysis methods with survey data along with guidelines for completing and reporting reviews when the data come from surveys. / Thesis (Ph.D, Mathematics & Statistics) -- Queen's University, 2011-12-06 15:11:24.717

Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Auteursnaam op omslag: Lieve Tytgat. Met bibliogr., lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Vrije Univ., Diss.--Amsterdam, 2006. / Zsfassung in niederländ. Sprache.

Thesis (M.Sc.(R)) - University of Glasgow, 2007. / M.Sc.(R) thesis submitted to the Department of Statistics, Faculty of Information and Mathematical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009. / Title from title screen (site viewed January 5, 2010). PDF text: v, 149 p. : ill. ; 2 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3360499. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica. / Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-15T23:42:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0

Submitted by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2017-11-30T19:04:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) MariaYedaDeMeloLima.pdf: 2339148 bytes, checksum: bac792c58d15c15f1666c7e8ed2eed86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-30T19:04:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) MariaYedaDeMeloLima.pdf: 2339148 bytes, checksum: bac792c58d15c15f1666c7e8ed2eed86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20 / FACEPE / Atualmente, meta-análise é usada em algumas áreas de conhecimento científico-tecnoló-gico, tais como : educação, saúde, marketing, agricultura, ecologia e tem contribuído para o desenvolvimento e evolução dessas áreas. Uma vantagem de meta-análise é sintetizar as evidências de estudos sobre um dado assunto, apresentando uma estimativa quantitativa global derivada de estudos individuais, evitando assim a realização de pesquisas desnecessárias sobre temas já consolidados e uma desvantagem seria que a meta-análise não pode anular as limitações inerentes aos estudos em que se baseia. Meta-análise agrega os resultados de pesquisas anteriores levando em consideração as diferentes condições nas quais as pesquisas originais foram realizadas. Os métodos estatísticos usados na meta-análise asseguram a obtenção de uma estimativa combinada e precisa, devido ao aumento do número de observações e, consequentemente, do poder estatístico e da possibilidade de examinar a variabilidade entre os estudos. Este trabalho objetiva avaliar o resultado da meta-análise com a aplicação dos métodos de agregação existentes na literatura em famílias de replicações de estudos em Engenharia de Software. Foram utilizados os métodos de agregação Diferença da Média Ponderada, Razão de Resposta Paramétrica e Razão de Resposta Não Paramétrica. Os resultados da aplicação de meta-análise nas famílias de replicações indicam que as pesquisas em Engenharia de Software necessitam formalizar o processo de report, criar metodologias que possam apoiar o desenvolvimento e melhorar a qualidade das replicações nessa área. / Nowadays, meta-analysis is used in some areas of scientific and technological knowledge, such as: education, health, marketing, agriculture, ecology and has contributed to the development and evolution of these areas. One advantage of meta-analysis is to summarize evidences from studies concerning a given subject, producing an overall quantitative estimate derived from individual studies and a disadvantage would be that the meta-analysis can not override the limitations inherent in the studies on which. Meta-analysis aggregates results of previous research taking into account different conditions in which the original research was conducted. Statistical methods used in the meta-analysis ensure to obtain a combined and accurate estimative, due to the increase the number of observations and consequently the statistical power and the possibility to examine the variability among studies. This work aims to evaluate the result of the metaanalysis with the application of the existing aggregation methods in the literature in study families of replications in Software Engineering. The methods of aggregation Weighted Mean Difference, Response Ratio Parametric and Response Ratio Non Parametric were used. The results of the meta-analysis application in the families of replications indicate that the research in Software Engineering needs to formalize the report process, to create methodologies that can support the development and to improve the quality of the replications in this area.

Les entrepôts de données (ED) sont devenus une technologie mature. L'accentuation des demandes d'analyse est motivée par l'évolution technologique, Les nouveaux paradigmes de programmation et L'ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles (!DM). Avant d'utiliser ces progrès technologiques, l'entrepôt de données doit être construit et préparé pour sa bonne exploitation.La phase de construction a vu l'utilisation massive des efforts de description et de méta-modélisation afin de faciliter la définition des correspondances entre les schémas locaux des sources de données et le schéma de l'ED et de réduire l'hétérogénéité entre les sources. La phase d'exploitation et sa tâche physique, en particulier n'ont pas eu la même utilisation des solutions de description et de méta-modélisation, bien qu'elle est considérée comme un tunnel de toutes les phases de cycle de vie de conception d,un ED. Durant cette phase; des modèles de coût mathématiques sont utilisés pour quantifier la qualité des solutions proposées. Le développement de ces derniers nécessite des efforts de collection et d'analyse des paramètres pertinents.Pour bien simuler le fonctionnement d'un ED, toutes les dimensions d'un SGBD doivent être intégrées. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons de décrire en détail ces dimensions avec des mécanismes de méta-modélisation. Vu la similarité et la hiérarchisation gui existent entre les supports de stockage, nous avons développé une ontologie de domaine dédiée aux supports de stockage.Elle permet d'expliciter leurs propriétés. Les similarités entre ces supports nous a motivé à hybrider le cache mémoire avec les mémoires flashs pour augmenter sa capacité afin de stocker un nombre important de résultats intermédiaires partagés par plusieurs requêtes décisionnelles. La réutilisation de ces résultats permet d'augmenter la performance du SGBD. Nos contributions sont validées à l'aide des expérimentations en utilisant nos modèles de coût théoriques et le SGBD Oracle. / Data warehouses (DW) have become a mature technology. The emphasis of the analysis requests is driven by technological change, the new programmig paradigms and ModelDriven Engineering (MDI). Before using these technological advances, the DW must be buil tand prepared for its proper operation. The construction phase bas seen massive description efforts and meta modeling to facilitate the definition of correspondence between local data sources schemas and DW schema and to reduce heterogeneity between sources. Despite its importance in all stages of the design life cycle of an DW, the operational phase and in particular its physical task, did not have the same interest in term of description and meta modeling. During this phase, mathematical cost models are used to quantify the quality of the solutions proposed. The development of these models requires collection efforts and analysis of relevant parameters. To simulate the operation of a DW, all the dimensions of a DBMS must be integrated. In this thesis, we propose to describe in detail these dimensions with meta-modeling mechanisms. Given the singularity and hierarchy between storage media, we have developed an ontology dedicated to storage media, which makes explicit their properties. The similarities between these supports motivated us to develop a hybrid cache based on flash memory. This increases the cache ability to store a large number of intermediate results shared by multiple decision-support queries. The reuse of these results will increase the overall performance of fue DBMS. Our contributions are validated with experiments using our theoretical cost models and the Oracle DBMS.

Master of Science / Department of Statistics / Dallas W. Johnson / Meta analysis is a statistical technique for synthesizing of results obtained from multiple studies. It is the process of combining, summarizing, and reanalyzing previous quantitative research. It yields a quantitative summary of the pooled results. Decisions of the validity of a hypothesis cannot be based on the results of a single study, because results typically vary from one study to the next. Traditional methods do not allow involving more than a few studies. Meta analysis provides certain procedures to synthesize data across studies. When the treatment effect (or effect size) is consistent from one study to the next, meta-analysis can be used to identify this common effect. When the effect varies from one study to the next, meta-analysis may be used to identify the reason for the variation. The amount of accumulated information in fast developing fields of science such as biology, medicine, education, pharmacology, physics, etc. increased very quickly after the Second World War. This lead to large amounts of literature which was not systematized. One problem in education might include ten independent studies. All of the studies might be performed by different researchers, using different techniques, and different measurements. The idea of integrating the research literature was proposed by Glass (1976, 1977). He referred it as the meta analysis of research. There are three major meta analysis approaches: combining significance levels, combining estimates of effect size for fixed effect size models and random effect size models, and vote-counting method.