Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:32:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 calore_ra_me_jabo.pdf: 1454331 bytes, checksum: 8f974c9e56ee5c8a73adce1960fa4fe6 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Considerando-se a importância de estudos relacionados à entomofauna em pomares de goiaba para o manejo integrado de pragas, o presente trabalho objetivou: a-) Conhecer a entomofauna associada à parte aérea através do uso de armadilhas adesivas amarelas em pomar comercial de goiaba com uso predominante do inseticida imidacloprid na região de Vista Alegre do Alto-SP e em pomar experimental semi-orgânico de goiaba na região de Pindorama-SP; b-) Conhecer as flutuações populacionais dos insetos principais (pragas e inimigos naturais) em ambos os pomares e as correlações com dados meteorológicos das duas regiões. Para levantamento da dinâmica populacional, os espécimes foram coletados com armadilhas adesivas amarelas (25 cm x 9,5 cm), trocadas a cada 15 dias. Os experimentos foram realizados entre março e novembro de 2009 em Vista Alegre do Alto-SP, e entre junho de 2009 e junho de 2010 em Pindorama-SP. Com base nos resultados obtidos e nas condições de desenvolvimento do presente projeto, foi possível obter as seguintes conclusões: a) As maiores densidades populacionais de Triozoida limbata ocorrem em outubro e novembro e as menores em março e abril, sendo esta a principal praga em pomar comercial em Vista Alegre do Alto-SP; b) As maiores densidades de T. limbata ocorrem em setembro e as menores ocorrem entre junho e agosto em Pindorama-SP; c) Ceratites capitata é a espécie de tefritídeo de maior ocorrência em Vista Alegre do Alto-SP e Anastrepha spp. é o gênero predominante e a principal praga em Pindorama- SP; d) Anastrepha spp. apresenta correlação significativa pelos fatores meteorológicos: temperaturas mínima, média e máxima (0C) em Pindorama-SP; e) Scymnus spp. é o inimigo natural com maior número de indivíduos coletados com armadilhas adesivas amarelas em Vista Alegre do Alto e Pindorama-SP; f) As maiores ocorrências de Scymnus spp. são nos meses de abril... / Considering the importance of studies related to entomofauna in orchards guava for integrated pest management, the present study aimed: a-)To know the insects associated with shoot through the use of yellow sticky traps in commercial guava orchard with predominant use of imidacloprid insecticide in the region of Vista Alegre do Alto-SP and semi-organic experimental guava orchard in the region of Pindorama-SP; b-) To know the major population fluctuations of main insects (pests and natural enemies) on both orchards and the correlations with meteorological data from the two regions. To perform the survey of the population dynamics, the specimens have been collected with yellow sticky traps (25 cm x 9.5 cm), replaced every 15 days. The experiments was conducted between March and November (2009) in Vista Alegre do Alto-SP and between June (2009) and June (2010) in Pindorama-SP. Based on the results obtained and the conditions of development of this project, it was possible to obtain the following conclusions: a) The highest densities of Triozoida limbata occur in October and November and the lowest in March and April, being this the main pest in commercial orchards in Vista Alegre do Alto-SP; b) The highest densities of T. limbata occur in September and the lowest occur between June and August in Pindorama-SP; c) Ceratites capitata is the specie of tephritid prevailing in Vista Alegre do Alto and Anastrepha spp. is the genus predominant and the main pest in Pindorama-SP; d) Anastrepha spp. has presented significant correlation with the meteorological factors: minimum, average and maximum temperatures (0C) in Pindorama-SP; e) Scymnus spp. is the natural enemy with the greatest number of individuals collected with the yellow sticky traps in Vista Alegre do Alto-SP and Pindorama-SP; f) The highest occurrences of Scymnus spp. are in the months of April and May and the lowest densities occur... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:22:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moura_jil_dr_jabo.pdf: 598977 bytes, checksum: d795e7d62685802a19b2e08b52fa6039 (MD5) / Ceplac / Este foi conduzido no sul do estado da Bahia entre os anos de 2004 e 2007. Teve como objetivo determinar a taxa de fecundação de dendezeiros após a introdução de Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust . Avaliaram-se as relações das espécies E. kamerunicus e Elaeidobius subvittatus Faust através da: flutuação populacional, distribuição espacial, influência de fatores meteorológicos, comportamento com relação às inflorescências das plantas e capacidade de transportar grãos de pólen. A taxa de fecundação nos dendezeiros atingiu 79,4%, representando incremento de 19% quando comparado aos dendezeiros polinizados apenas por E. subvittatus. Plantios comerciais de dendezeiros nos municípios de Taperoá e Nazaré, mostraram taxas de fecundação de 76,8% e 78,0%, respectivamente. E. kamerunicus foi a espécie dominante nos plantios de dendezeiro de Una, BA. Com exceção do município de Itapebi, as populações de E. kamerunicus sobrepujaram as de E. subvittatus em todos os municípios com grandes maciços de dendezeiros subespontâneos. A distribuição das chuvas no sul da Bahia não alterou a atividade polinizadora de E. kamerunicus, permitindo ocorrer taxa constante de fecundação dos frutos. Houve aumento da densidade populacional de E. subvittatus com o incremento térmico no ambiente ocorrendo o oposto com E. kamerunicus. O número de espécimes de E. subvittatus visitando inflorescências femininas de dendezeiros e híbridos interespecíficos foi superior ao de E. kamerunicus entre 6:00 e 8:00 horas, porém E. kamerunicus foi mais numeroso que E. subvittatus entre 9:00 e 12:00 horas. Essas espécies apresentaram pouca atividade polinizadora nas inflorescências femininas entre 14:00 e 16:00 horas, mas E. subvittatus congregou-se nas inflorescências femininas de ambas variedades de plantas a partir de 16:00 horas. Ao anoitecer foi constatada a presença... / The study was conducted in south Bahia between 2004 and 2007 to determine the rate of fertilization of oil palm after the introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust in Southern Bahia. Relationships of the species E. kamerunicus and Elaeidobius subvittatus Faust were evaluated through population fluctuation, spatial distribution, influence of meteorological factors, behavior regarding the plant inflorescences and capability to collect and transport pollen grains. The data were analyzed utilizing correlation and variance analysis and test of means. The rate of fertilization in the oil palm trees reached 79.4%, representing an increase of 19% when compared to oil palm trees pollinated only by E. subvittatus. Commercial plantations of oil palm trees in Taperoá and Nazareth municipalities showed rates of fertilization of 76.8% and 78.0%, respectively. E. kamerunicus was the dominant species in the plantations of oil palm trees of Una, BA. With the exception of Itapebi municipality, the populations of E. kamerunicus overwhelmed the E. subvittatus in all municipalities with large plantations of sub-spontaneous oil palm trees. The rainfall distribution in south Bahia did not alter the pollination activity of E. kamerunicus, which permitted a constant rate of fruit fertilization. There was an increase in population density of E. subvittatus with environmental thermal increase, the opposite occurred with E. kamerunicus. The number of specimens of E. subvittatus visiting female inflorescences of oil palm trees and interspecific hybrids was higher than that of E. kamerunicus between 6:00 and 8:00 hours, however E. kamerunicus was more numerous than E. subvittatus between 9:00 and 12:00 hours. These species presented little pollination activity in female inflorescences between 14:00 and 16:00 hours, but E. subvittatus congregated in the female inflorescences of both oil palm varieties starting ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Mokslinio tyrimo įstaigose atliekami platūs ir išsamūs naujų augalų bei augalinės kilmės vaistinių preparatų paieškų tyrimai, nes augalinės kilmės vaistai efektyviai terapiškai veikia žmogaus organizmą, nesukelia komplikacijų, turi mažiau šalutinių poveikių. Naujausios epidemiologinės studijos parodė, jog flavonoidų vartojimas susijęs su mažesne koronarinių širdies ligų, insultų, diabeto rizika, taip pat mažesne vėžinių susirgimų rizika. Sergantiesiems minėtomis ligomis aktualu vartoti natūralios prigimties antioksidantus – medžiagas, saugančias nuo žalingo antioksidantų poveikio. Turtingi flavonoidais yra plačiai pasaulyje išplitę Fabaceae šeimos Desmodium genties augalai. Dėl plataus biologinio veikimo spektro Desmodium genties augalai gali būti vartojami šiuolaikinių vaistinių augalinių preparatų kūrimui ir gamybai. Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. preparatai pasižymi antieksudaciniu, priešuždegiminiu, hipoazoteminiu, antivirusiniu, antimikrobiniu, antihistamininiu ir imunostimuliuojančiu poveikiu. Darbo tikslas – ištirti šeštųjų – septintųjų auginimo metų kanadinės jakšūnės (Desmodium canadense (L.) DC.) biologinius savumus Lietuvos klimatinėmis sąlygomis, apibendrinti augimo ypatumus antraisiais – septintaisiais vegetacijos metais ir nustatyti ryšį tarp vegetacijos laikotarpio, meteorologinių sąlygų bei įvairių vegetacijos tarpsnių pradžios ar trukmės. Buvo nustatyti kanadinės jakšūnės antžeminės dalies augimo ypatumai šeštaisiais ir septintaisiais auginimo metais. Ištirta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Wide and comprehensive researches of new plants and herbal preparations are effected in the institutions of scientifical researching. It’s because the reason that herbal drugs have a therapeutical effect on human body, these preparations don’t have complications and have less adverse effects. Recent epidemiological studies indicated that the intake of flavonoids is associated with a reduce risk if coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. So it is useful to use these natural antioxidants – substances that protect cells from damaging action of oxidation – for those, who have such problems. Plants of Desmodium genus of Fabaceae family, that are spread in all the world, are plentiful of flavonoids. Because of their wide biological effect plants of Desmodium genus can be used to create and make modern herbal preparations. Preparations of Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. have antiexudative, anti-inflammatory, hypoazotemical, antiviral, antimicrobical, antihistaminic and also immunostimulating effects. The aim of work – to determine biological features of showy tick trefoil of sixth and seventh vegetation year in Lithuanian climate conditions, to generalize the peculiarity of growing of second – seventh vegetation year and to measure the relation between the meteorological factors of vegetation period and the beginning and length in different vegetations periods. In result it was determined biological features of Showy tick trefoil of sixth and seventh vegetation year. It... [to full text]

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2017-11-29T12:57:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Aline Barichello Cerqueira 2017.pdf: 4495463 bytes, checksum: 7ef02ea5cb5e35bb417877cf83766a80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-29T13:27:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Aline Barichello Cerqueira 2017.pdf: 4495463 bytes, checksum: 7ef02ea5cb5e35bb417877cf83766a80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-29T13:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Aline Barichello Cerqueira 2017.pdf: 4495463 bytes, checksum: 7ef02ea5cb5e35bb417877cf83766a80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / The study consisted in two experiments at beef cattle feedlot in Goias state. The first analyzed the influence of macroscopic and histopathological changes in hot weight carcass (PCQ) of cattle. At the slaughter line, lungs were macroscopically evaluated and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the analysis of variance and Tukey's test, with a significance level of 5%, comparing the PCQ values of the groups with lesions (CL) and without lesions (SL). Total of 2129 lungs were inspected, and 12.78% were identified with macroscopic alterations. The mainly pneumonias identified were fibrinous bronchopneumonia (4.78%), suppurative bronchopneumonia (4.04%), granulomatous pneumonia (3.68%) and interstitial pneumonia (1.47%). The PCQ values did not present significant differences (p> 0,05) between the CL and SL groups and were not influenced by macroscopic and histopathological changes. In the second article, the influence of dry (PS) and rainy (PC) periods on the macroscopic and histopathological pulmonary alterations and the average daily gain (GPD) of cattle were analyzed. At the slaughter line, the lungs were evaluated in the PS and PC periods. A macroscopic evaluation of the lungs was performed, and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed using Tukey's test, with a significance level of 5%, to evaluate the effect of pulmonary lesions on the GPD. In order to evaluate the association of lesion frequency with the stations, a regression was performed considering a multinomial linear generalized model. Of the animals evaluated, 15.92% and 23.15% had macroscopic lung alterations in PS and PC, respectively. Among the pneumonias identified, the fibrinous bronchopneumonia (8,21%) predominated in the PS and suppurative bronchopneumonia (14,28%) in the PC. The PC had a higher frequency of macroscopic and histological lung lesions than PS. The lesions were predominantly mild to moderate and of low frequency and, therefore, did not significantly influence the GPD of confined cattle. / O estudo foi dividido em dois experimentos com bovinos confinados no estado de Goiás. O primeiro analisou a influência das alterações pulmonares macroscópicas e histopatológicas no peso de carcaça quente (PCQ) de bovinos. Na linha de abate, foram avaliados os pulmões de bovinos machos provenientes de dois confinamentos e avaliou-se macroscopicamente pulmões e coletou-se amostras para exame histopatológico. A análise estatística realizou a comparação das médias de PCQ dos grupos com lesão (CL) e sem lesão (SL) pela análise de variância e teste de Tukey, com grau de significância de 5%. Foram inspecionados 2129 pulmões e identificaram 12,78% com alterações macroscópicas. As principais pneumonias identificadas foram: broncopneumonia fibrinosa (4,78%), broncopneumonia supurativa (4,04%), pneumonia granulomatosa (3,68%) e pneumonia intersticial (1,47%). Os PCQ dos animais não apresentaram diferenças significativas (p>0,05) entre os grupos CL e SL, não sendo influenciadas pelas alterações pulmonares macroscópicas e histopatológicas. No segundo artigo foi analisada a influência dos períodos seco (PS) e chuvoso (PC) nas alterações pulmonares macroscópicas e histopatológicas e no ganho de peso diário (GPD) de bovinos confinados. Na linha de abate, foram avaliados os pulmões de bovinos machos, nos períodos PS e PC. Foram realizadas a avaliação macroscópica dos pulmões e coletada amostras para exame histopatológico. A análise estatística realizou análise de variância e teste de Tukey, com grau de significância de 5%, para avaliar o efeito das lesões pulmonares no GPD e, para avaliar da associação da frequência de lesões com as estações, realizou regressão considerando modelo linear generalizado multinomial. Dos animais avaliados, 15,92% e 23,15% apresentaram alterações pulmonares macroscópicas no PS e PC, respectivamente. Dentre as pneumonias identificadas, a broncopneumonia fibrinosa (8,21%) predominou no PS e a broncopneumonia supurativa (14,28%) no PC. O PC apresentou maior frequência de lesões macroscópicas e histológicas pulmonares, quando comparado ao PS. As lesões foram, predominantemente, de intensidade leve a moderada e de baixa frequência e, portanto, não influenciaram significativamente no GPD de bovinos confinados.

Cette thèse répond à un double objectif, elle s’est concentrée d’une part sur le rôle joué par l’énergie dans le développement industrielle et économique des pays et d’autres parts sur les retombées de son usage sur l’environnement et l’état de santé des individus. Nous avons élaboré et exploité une base de données relative à la région de Sfax, qui a été utilisée pour l’analyse empirique adaptée à chaque axe de recherche. Le cheminement suivi pour argumenter cette thèse nous a amené à constituer trois chapitres. Au niveau du premier chapitre, nous avons particulièrement apprécié le rôle que l’énergie a préoccupé dans le développement économique des nations. Suite à notre analyse empirique, deux résultats principaux sont annoncés, d’abord, la présence d’un effet de long terme entre la consommation de l’énergie et le développement économique dans la région de Sfax impliquant ainsi sa dépendance économique à l’énergie, ensuite, l’existence d’une relation de causalité unidirectionnelle partant de la consommation de l’énergie vers la croissance économique. Dans un deuxième chapitre, nous nous sommes intéressés à étudier l’impact de la consommation de l’énergie sur la détérioration de la qualité de l’environnement. Deux points sont mis en valeur. Premièrement, une corrélation est détectée entre la consommation de l’énergie et les polluants suivants : PM10, SO2 et NO2. Deuxièmement, la présence de l’O3 troposphérique dans l’air n’est pas subordonnée à la consommation de l’énergie mais plutôt aux réactions photochimiques impliquant le NO2 et l’oxygène sous l’effet des rayons solaires ultra-violets. Finalement, les facteurs météorologiques et surtout la température (T) et l’humidité relative (HR) agissent sur la dispersion des polluants et leur accumulation autour de leurs sources d’émissions. Le dernier chapitre s’est focalisé sur l’analyse de l’impact sanitaire de la pollution atmosphérique. Adapté au contexte de la région de Sfax, trois constats principaux sont détectés. Tout d’abord, les maladies cardiovasculaires sont affectées par les émissions de S02 tandis que les maladies respiratoires sont influencées par les émissions de SO2 et O3. Ensuite, une corrélation est justifiée entre l’O3 te le NO2 qui confirme la réaction chimique de piégeage de l’ozone déjà indiquée. Enfin, nous avons déduit que la vitesse de vent (VV) impacte la distribution des polluants principalement le NO2, le SO2 et les PM10. La température (T) affecte à son tour les admissions hospitalières pour motif cardiovasculaire. / This thesis has a dual purpose; it focused on the one hand on the role of energy in the industrial and economic development of the country and on the other hand on the impact of its use on the environment and health status of individuals. We developed and operated a database on the Sfax region, which has been used for empirical analysis suited to each area of ​​research. The path followed to argue this thesis has led us to establish three chapters.At the first chapter, we particularly appreciated the role of energy in economic development of nations. Following our empirical analysis, two main results are announced, first, the presence of a long-term effect between energy consumption and economic development in the region of Sfax implying its economic dependence on energy. Then the existence of unidirectional causal relationship starting from energy consumption to economic growth. In the second chapter, we are interested in studying the impact of energy consumption on the deterioration of the environment quality. Two points are emphasized, first, a correlation is found between energy consumption and the following pollutants: PM10, SO2 and NO2. Secondly, the presence of tropospheric ozone (O3) in the air is not conditional on the energy consumption but rather to photochemical reactions involving NO2 and oxygen under the influence of solar ultraviolet radiation. Finally, weather factors, especially temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) affect the dispersion of pollutants and their accumulation around their emission sources. The last chapter is focused on the analysis of the health impact of air pollution. Adapted to the region of Sfax, three main findings are detected. First, cardiovascular diseases are affected by S02 emissions and while respiratory diseases are influenced by emissions of SO2 and O3. Then, a correlation is justified between O3 NO2, confirming the chemical reaction of ozone scavenging already indicated. Finally, we concluded that the wind speed (VV) affects the distribution of pollutants mainly NO2, SO2 and PM10. Temperature (T) in turn affects hospital admissions for cardiovascular reasons.