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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Design of minimally invasive diagnostic and dermal fluids sampling microneedle

Rezania, Naghme 09 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire de maîtrise porte sur le développement de microaiguilles hydrogels pour la capture et la détection précoce de biomarqueurs protéiques spécifiques du liquide interstitiel cutané. Le diagnostic précoce d’une maladie et le suivi préventif des paramètres biologiques peuvent effectivement améliorer les traitements et auront un rôle plus important dans les années à venir. Cependant, des obstacles considérables à cette approche persistent, en particulier la nature hautement invasive et perturbatrice des analyses biologiques. Se rendre dans une clinique et subir un prélèvement invasif de sang (ou de liquide biologique) sont des défis considérables par rapport aux traitements courants, qui consistent souvent en des médicaments qui peuvent être pris sans douleur à la maison. Une solution à ces problèmes peut être trouvée dans l'invention de méthodes peu invasives pour le diagnostic et l'analyse des soins de santé, idéalement celles qui peuvent être utilisées à domicile sans nécessiter de personnel formé. À cet égard, les micro-aiguilles (MNs) démontrent un énorme potentiel car leur petite taille garantit qu’elles sont relativement simples et presque indolores. De plus, leur nature simple et à usage unique permet potentiellement une administration à domicile par le patient. Les micro-aiguilles d'hydrogel présentent des caractéristiques bénéfiques à des fins de diagnostic compte tenu de leurs propriétés de gonflement qui permettent d'absorber les fluides corporels tels que le liquide interstitiel (ISF) et de capturer les biomarqueurs. Ces caractéristiques remarquables ont poussé les scientifiques à utiliser des micro-aiguilles d'hydrogel pour des applications de diagnostic. Afin de fournir un contexte pour le développement de cette technologie, cette thèse commence par un examen des principes et des avancées récentes dans le domaine des applications diagnostiques des MN (Chapitre 1). Par la suite, des sections expérimentales, de résultats et de discussion seront présentes sur la fonctionnalisation de l'hydrogel avec des anticorps pour la détection de biomarqueurs spécifiques (Chapitre 2). Le dernier chapitre aborde la conclusion générale et les perspectives d'avenir de cette approche (Chapitre 3). / This master’s thesis focuses on the development of hydrogel microneedles (HMNs) for capture and early detection of specific protein biomarkers form the skin interstitial fluid. Early disease diagnosis and preventative monitoring of biological parameters can effectively improve medical results and anticipate playing a more important part in the forthcoming years. However, considerable barriers to this approach persist, specifically the highly invasive and disruptive nature of biological analyses. Visiting clinics and undergoing invasive blood (or biological fluid) sampling are considerable challenges in comparison with common treatments, which often consist of drugs that may be taken painlessly at home. A solution to these concerns can be found in the invention of minimally invasive methods for diagnostics and healthcare analyzing, ideally ones that may be utilized at home without the requirement for trained staff. In this regard, microneedles (MNs) demonstrate tremendous potential as their small size ensures that they are relatively straightforward and almost painless. Also, their simple and single-use nature potentially permits at-home administration by the patient. HMNs demonstrate beneficial features for the diagnosis purposes considering the swelling properties of them which give the chance of absorbing body fluids such as ISF and capture of the biomarkers. These remarkable features have driven scientists to employ HMNs for diagnostic applications. To provide background for the development of this technology, this thesis begins with a review of the principles and recent advances in the field of diagnostic applications of MNs (Chapter 1). Subsequently, experimental, result, and discussion sections will be present about the functionalization of hydrogel with a model antibody for specific biomarkers detection (Chapter 2). The last chapter discusses the general conclusion and future prospects of this approach (Chapter 3).
42

Transcutaneous delivery of T cell-inducing viral vector malaria vaccines by microneedle patches

Pearson, Frances E. January 2011 (has links)
There is an urgent need for improvements to existing vaccine delivery technologies to run parallel with the development of new-generation vaccines. The burdens of needle-based immunisation strategies are exacerbated by poor resource provision in such areas as sub-Saharan Africa, where annual malaria mortality stands at 860,000. Needle-free delivery of vaccine to the skin holds promise for improved immunogenicity with lower doses of vaccine, in addition to significant logistical advantages. Various methods have been described for the transcutaneous delivery of vaccines, including the use of microneedles to overcome the outer stratum corneum of the skin for efficient delivery of liquid or solid, microneedle-coated vaccines into underlying strata rich in antigen-presenting cells. This thesis aims to evaluate two transcutaneous silicon microneedle and microprojection patch technologies for the delivery of live recombinant Adenovirus and Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored vaccines encoding pre-erythrocytic malaria antigens in mice. Cellular immunogenicity directed against a well-documented epitope of the Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite protein is evaluated, as is protection against lethal P. berghei sporozoite challenge. Immunological and logistical benefits of each technology are assessed, as well as mechanisms underlying differences in the generation of a patch-induced immune response to vaccination. These data inform the future development of transcutaneous microneedle patches for the delivery of live vaccine.
43

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF SMART SERS SUBSTRATES FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE APPLICATIONS

Maria Vitoria Simas (16510902) 30 August 2023 (has links)
<p>This thesis highlights the use and significance of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for forensic applications. Two unique SERS substrates are developed for successful (1) forensic toxicological drug detection in human patient plasma and (2) trace explosive detection.  </p>

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