Orientador: Daisy Maria Fávero Salvadori / Coorientador: Nicodemos Teles de Pontes Filho / Resumo: A obesidade tornou-se uma epidemia mundial - "Globesidade". O tecido adiposo é essencial à homeostase corpórea, produzindo moléculas biologicamente ativas como reguladores do metabolismo glicolipídico, moduladores da saciedade e substâncias pró ou antinflamatórias. Seu acúmulo, porém, associa-se à maior incidência de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, doenças cardiovasculares e câncer. Diversos estudos longitudinais demonstraram a correlação entre obesidade infantil ou adolescente a maior risco cardiovascular na vida adulta e, neste, objetivou-se avaliar a presença de alterações ligadas à obesidade em população brasileira com hábito alimentar irregular. Foram avaliados 75 adolescentes de 10 a 18 anos, escolares e residentes no arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, utilizando-se cinco diferentes parâmetros: a) nutricional (IMC, cintura [CC], quadril, índice cintura-quadril [ICQ] e frequência de consumo alimentar, aferindo-se itens de risco [I] e protetores [II] do sistema cardiovascular); b) bioquímico (glicemia em jejum, triglicerídeos [TG], colesterol total [CT] e lipoproteínas de alta [HDL-c] e baixa [LDL-c] densidades); c) inflamatório (proteína C-reativa [PCR] ultrassensível, IL-6 e TNF-α); d) vascular (hipertensão arterial sistêmica e espessura do complexo médio-intimal [EMI] carotídeo); e) genotóxico (células micronucleadas). Os participantes foram distribuídos nos grupos nutricionais: obesos (classe I, n = 21), com sobrepeso (classe II, n = 20) e eutróficos (classe III, n = 34), ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Obesity has become a global epidemic - "Globesity". The adipose tissue is essential to body homeostasis and is responsible for the production of countless molecules with biological activity, such as some interleukins and others linked to glicolipidic metabolism or appetite control. However, obesity is associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. Once overweight in childhood and adolescence may produce overweight adults, with higher risk for the comorbidities, the present study was designed to evaluate lipidic disease in a population from the Northeastern region of Brazil, with irregular feeding habits. It was evaluated 75 teenagers between 10 to 18 years old, inhabitants from Fernando de Noronha archipelago and selected among students. Five distinct and correlated profiles were established: a) nutritional (waist, hip, BMI and food consumption questionnaire, with qualitative evaluation of items classified as dangerous [I] or protective [II] for cardiovascular system); b) biochemical (serum fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions); c) inflammatory (C-reactive protein [CRP], IL-6 and TNF-α); d) vascular (high blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness [IMT]); and e) genotoxic (micronucleated cells from buccal mucosa). Adolescents were classified as: obese (class I, n = 21), overwheighted (class II, n = 20) and eutrophic (class III, n = 34). It was observed significant difference among the three groups for each anthropometric end-points, except height. Serum concentrations of triglycerides, CRP and IL-6 was higher on obese group. No significant difference was observed for IMT among the groups, however boys had superior measures than girls. Similar result occurred to waistto-hip and serum glucose indexes. Negative association between BMI and HDL-c, and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor