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張默雪. / "2007年9月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2007. / 參考文獻(leaves 108-117). / "2007 nian 9 yue". / Abstract also in English. / Zhang Moxue. / Lun wen (Zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2007. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 108-117). / 致謝 --- p.i / 中文摘要 --- p.ii / 英文摘要 --- p.iii / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 問題的提出 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- 硏究框架 --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- 硏究的意義 --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- 結構安排 --- p.7 / Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻回顧 --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- 中產階層的槪念界定：客觀存在與主觀建構 --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- 客觀階層狀況到主觀階層認同：從馬克思說起 --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- 生活方式到主觀階層認同：從韋伯說起 --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4 --- 客觀階層狀況與主觀階層認同：中產階層硏究 --- p.21 / Chapter 2.5 --- 生活方式與主觀階層認同：中產階層硏究 --- p.22 / Chapter 第三章 --- 硏究方法 --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1 --- 數據 --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- 對中產階級的測量 --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3 --- 定量分析中的變量 --- p.27 / Chapter 3.4 --- 分析方法 --- p.32 / Chapter 3.5 --- 定量與定性方法的綜合使用 --- p.34 / Chapter 第四章 --- 中產階層的客觀位置與主觀認同 --- p.37 / Chapter 4.1 --- 職業、教育和收入對主觀社會階級的影響 --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- 經濟狀況與社會位置的自我判斷 --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3 --- 教育程度與社會位置的自我判斷 --- p.45 / Chapter 4.4 --- 職業與社會位置的自我判斷 --- p.48 / Chapter 4.5 --- 諸因素影響力比較 --- p.52 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- 經濟狀況Vs.職業 --- p.52 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- 經濟狀況Vs.教育程度 --- p.53 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- 綜合比較 --- p.54 / Chapter 4.6 --- 本章小結 --- p.60 / Chapter 第五章 --- 中產階層的生活方式與主觀認同 --- p.64 / Chapter 5.1 --- 消費與社會位置認同 --- p.64 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- 開支狀況與主觀認同 --- p.66 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- 房屋消費與主觀認同 --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- 汽車消費 --- p.75 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- 耐用消費品與主觀認同 --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1.5 --- 日常消費偏好 --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1.6 --- 消費觀念 --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2 --- 閒暇與社會位置認同 --- p.89 / Chapter 5.3 --- 社會交往與社會位置認同 --- p.94 / Chapter 5.4 --- 本章小結 --- p.97 / Chapter 第六章 --- 結論與討論 --- p.100 / Chapter 6.1 --- 主要結論 --- p.100 / Chapter 6.2 --- 討論 --- p.102 / Chapter 6.3 --- 不足與改進構想 --- p.105 / 參考文獻 --- p.108 / Chapter 附錄1: --- 調查問卷 --- p.113 / Chapter 附錄2: --- 問卷各變量頻數報告 --- p.118 / Chapter 附錄3: --- 訪問提綱 --- p.129 / Chapter 附錄4: --- 訪談對象基本情況 --- p.131

published_or_final_version / History / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Title also in English: The status of han ren in the central government during the Southern dynasties period (420 A.D.-588 A.D.) / Manuscript. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue.

Based on an ethnographic study of a middle class community in Beijing, this research attempts to investigate the formation of a specific segment of China's middle class, namely, the white-collar employees and the new generation of private entrepreneurs in urban China. It will demonstrate how this segment of China's middle class deliberately differentiate themselves from other social groups through symbolized everyday domestic practices, and capture the latest development of domestic lifestyles of China's middle class. / The economic reform in contemporary China has brought about transformations in its socio-economic and political environment. The implementation of a series of policies that changed the occupational structure, reinvented resources allocation mode, and increased the purchasing power of China's urban citizens has facilitated the emergence of a new social stratum. As this new middle stratum is still emerging and expanding, its composition is pluralistic. To describe the emerging affluent social classes, simply looking at economic indicators may not be adequate. Lifestyle factors have become important components in the shaping of China's new middle class. / Using Bourdieu's theoretical schema, three inter-related analytical questions regarding to domestic life patterns of China's middle class will be addressed in this research: their aspirations of home, how this expected domestic life is protected through collective actions, and how a local system or a moral order of behavior is gradually formed through mundane and ordinary everyday interactions. A legally recognized and protected homeownership has become the bottom line, upon which the middle class continue to develop higher requirements to live comfortably and safely at home. From these everyday practices in the field of domestic life, we shall see how the emerging middle class in China is establishing a lifestyle, forming a shared social identity, and constructing social space in the social structure. / Liu, Shuo. / Adviser: Lui Tai Lok. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-10, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-196). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Philosophy

This thesis, set against the background of accounts of globalisation, aims to figure out the consumer orientation of the middle class in contemporary China, in particular how the new elements in consumer orientation operate in the Chinese context. It focuses on the contemporary middle class, including professionals, managers, business-owners and civil servants, and on the metropolitan cities, because these are the two most important factors in the rise of consumer culture in China. Data come from the China General Social Survey of 2003 and 30 interviews with middle class people in Beijing carried out in 2008. The quantitative analysis is concerned with characteristics of the middle class in the metropolitan cities and their participation in consumption practices. Qualitative analysis provides a comprehensive analysis of the consumption patterns and the consumer orientations of 30 adults and considers subjective interpretations in specific contexts. The focus is the consumption patterns from everyday consumption, taste and material culture, and the findings are interpreted in relation to major theories in the sociology of consumption. In order to understand consumption patterns, this dissertation seeks accounts of consumer orientations: the distinct or particular reasons for purchasing and using certain material goods and services. Consumption patterns are also explained against the background of globalization, and in relation to the essential features of Chinese culture, social changes and social conventions. The analysis draws attention particularly to the justifications of tastes by the Chinese middle class and exposes their concomitant anxieties and ambivalence. It is shown that pursuit of pleasure, tempered with pursuit of comfort, is a significant form of aesthetic justification; and living within one's means, i.e. keeping a balance between expenditure and income, is the main moral justification. The orientation to personal pleasure and comfort is shaped by social conventions, traditional values and the metropolitan context. Consumer sovereignty, as opposed to social discipline and authority, becomes a force. Despite anxieties and ambivalence, the interviewees generally show satisfaction and confidence with their consumption. The findings challenge the stereotype of the Chinese 'new rich' and the one-dimensional pictures of tendencies towards either conspicuous display or frugality.

The Chinese middle class will be central to the continued sustainable development of China. This paper investigates the role of the middle class in the development of individual cities utilizing the Solow growth model. The paper breaks down the Solow growth model into the individual factors of production and calculates values for them over the period 2000 to 2010. Then using the data and the Cobb-Douglas production function shows that, for both Shanghai and Wuhan, total factor productivity is decreasing over the period. The size of the middle class in both cities is also calculated using a relative definition in order to compare its growth to the change in total factor productivity. The study shows that the middle class have yet to play a significant part in the economic development of Shanghai or Wuhan. / published_or_final_version / China Development Studies / Master / Master of Arts in China Development Studies

published_or_final_version / abstract / Sociology / Master / Master of Philosophy