Xenophobia is a rampant problem in South Africa; it manifests itself in many ways and impedes the full enjoyment and protection of human rights for all migrants in the country. Xenophobia has deep roots and causes. One of the main problems in curbing xenophobia in South Africa is the lack of an adequate legal response, which can permeate and regulate other sectors of society where xenophobia is concerned. In recent times, xenophobic violence has been triggered and incited through online digital platforms such as Whatsapp and Twitter. This research asses the legal regulation of xenophobia in South Africa, with a particular focus on the ‘new’ digital face of xenophobia. This research assesses the adequacy of the South African legal framework in addressing xenophobia with regard to South Africa’s international and regional obligations for the protection of migrants and people in need of international protection and the impact this has on their human rights. This research offers interdisciplinary responses in relation to the changing face of xenophobia and what can be done in order to regulate the incitement of xenophobic violence, the perpetuation of xenophobic rhetoric and the results of this through online platforms with a legal response as the foundation. The research concludes that the changing face towards digital xenophobia requires the existing problems relating to ‘traditional’ manifestations of xenophobia to be addressed as well as the underpinning of a concrete and specific legal framework and policy framework that governs the peculiarities of xenophobia that are specific to the South African context. / Mini Dissertation (LLM (Multidisciplinary Human Rights))--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Centre for Human Rights / LLM (Multidisciplinary Human Rights) / Unrestricted

Les migrations constituent un phénomène transnational dont la gestion a traditionnellement occupé l’intérêt des Etats de destination des migrants dans l’exercice de leur souveraineté. Avec l’avènement de la mondialisation, le panorama migratoire s’est transformé. Les migrations occupent une place chaque fois plus importante dans les agendas des Etats ayant compris que la maîtrise des migrations nécessitait de la coopération et de l’action conjointe à l’échelle internationale. La gouvernance des migrations comporte tout un ensemble de défis tant pour les Etats de destination des migrants que pour les Etats d’origine et pour la communauté internationale dans son ensemble. D’une part se présente l’intérêt de contrôler l’arrivée des migrants très influencé par des conceptions sécuritaires; d’une autre part apparaissent les conceptions des migrations comme outils du développement qui visent à tirer profit des effets considérés comme positifs des migrations et restreindre ses effets négatifs. Et finalement nous constatons l’existence de circonstances pouvant mettre en danger les droits humains des migrants et face auxquelles des mesures doivent être prises pour assurer le respect total des droits de l’homme des migrants. Concilier les intérêts présents autour de la maîtrise des migrations n’est pas une tâche facile. Afin de trouver un cadre idéal pour la maîtrise des migrations et la protection des droits des migrants, nous explorons 5 hypothèses d’étude qui nous mènent à analyser la gestion mondiale migratoire, la gouvernance régionale des migrations (dans le cadre de l’Amérique latine et des relations bilatérales entre cette dernière et l’Union européenne), la protection des migrants en tant que personnes vulnérables titulaires des droits à vocation universelle, ainsi que la protection proposé par les Etats d’origine des migrants (le cas particulier de la Colombie). Les atouts et les défis de chaque espace de discussion sont analysés ainsi que leurs apports à la maîtrise des migrations et à la protection des migrants. / Migrations are a transnational phenomenon that its management has traditionally called attention from the destination states exercising its sovereignty. With the arrival of globalization, the migration perspective has changed. Migrations have an increasingly more important place in the government’s agenda, which has understood that migration management needed the cooperation and the joint action at an international level. The governance of migration involves multiple challenges for the destination countries as well as the countries of origin and for the international community. On one hand, it presents the interest of controlling the arrival of migrants, with a strong influence of security conceptions; on the other hand other ideas have immerged that consider migration as tools for development. Those ideas aim to profit from the effects that are considered as benefits of migration and to stop the negative effects. Finally, we consider the existence of the circumstances that can put in danger migrant’s human rights and for which some measures should be taken. Reconciling the interests surrounding the management of migration is not a simple task. For finding ideal management framework for the governance of migration and the protection of migrant’s human rights, we will explore 5 hypotheses. We will analyze the global administration of migration; the regional administration (in the framework of Latin America); the protection of migrants as vulnerable people having universal rights, as well as the protection from the migrant’s state of origin (in the particular case of Colombia). The assets and the challenges of each one of those discussion environments will be analyzed as well as its contributions to migration’s governance and migrant’s protection.