O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o sistema de serviço militar utilizado no Brasil quanto a suas características objetivas e subjetivas, no que concerne à Defesa e à Democracia. Este sistema, caracterizado pela especificidade da obrigatoriedade, em sua maioria, tem sofrido modificações significativas no período pós-regime militar (1985). O serviço militar, considerado em sua criação como vetor de profissionalização do Exército e estruturador da sociedade brasileira, perde o fôlego atualmente pela falta objetiva de possibilidade em manter a eficácia quanto à finalidade da Defesa; restam ainda os argumentos subjetivos de inserção na sociedade. As características subjetivas do serviço militar obrigatório defendidas nos dias de hoje baseiam-se em ideologias sustentadas pelos militares, denominados por Oliveiros Ferreira de “partido fardado", importante articulador da sociedade, com grande peso específico na história do país. Esta visão conflita com as características básicas de uma Democracia Liberal e com as necessidades específicas da Defesa. / The purpose of this paper is to analyze the objective and subjective features of the military service system adopted in Brazil concerning its Defense and Democracy. This system, characterized by its own compulsory nature, has gone through significant modifications in the post-military regime. The military service, conceived as a means of professionalization in the Army and organizer of the Brazilian society, has lost ground due to the impossibility of maintaining its standard of the effectiveness as for the purpose of the Defense; there are still remaining the subjective arguments of the military’s interaction in society. The subjective features of the obligatory military service currently discussed, are based on ideologies sustained by the military, called the “Uniformed Party" by Oliveiros Ferreira, as an important articulation of society, with a great influence in the country’s history. However, those interests conflict with the basic characteristics of a Liberal Democracy and with the specific needs of the Brazilian Defense.

Abstract The purpose of military service is to have enough manpower to form military and in order to maintain national security. Thus, the military service system has direct influence on the quality of military and has direct impact on the result of the conflict and survival of nation. History has told us the importance of military establishment, but most people still emphasis on ¡§force employment¡¨ and ignore military establishment, In recent years, when we talked about defense policy reform, you will always hear abolish conscript service and start volunteer service; most of disagreements think conscript is not suitable for the current condition in Taiwan, at the same time that volunteer force will bring us more professional military, and mobilization will only need during war time. The purpose of this research paper is to analysis the possibility of adopt full volunteer service, through the study of others¡¦ experience, lesson learned and would trend. Through the research discovered that volunteer service is the modern trend, and at current time period we can not suddenly switch to full volunteer, it should be divided into different phases and progressively transform from conscript to volunteer service, and reaching the final goal of full volunteer force and professional military establishment. To reach this final goal we have to develop a strategy and to improve our recruitment skill. Keyword : Military service, Volunteer service, Conscript service, Mixed volunteer system, Possibility

The system of military service in competent decades of our country, always little people smell , under the pressure of the annual general presidential election of today (93 ), have become the alliance candidate out of office and fought for the letting go of the ballot? . We do not think that so great and complicated a problem should become chips of the election war , do not agree in making the question excessively simple even more. But this piece think naturally decades in the past, even sacred and inviolable system serve the mesa, exactly one best chance overall to deep discussion and analyze their. The cost tries calculating and analyzing the research in accordance with this' enlisting persons for service in the armed forces, sought the military system and changed into a mercenary system, calculate for NT$30,000 in accordance with the monthly firewood of each person while simplifying to 340,000-300,000 people in troops of our country, the annual military spending increases by NT$47,610 million and NT$23,370 million; And by 230,000 of rational scale of troops, then the military spending will be reduced by 16,670 million compared with 2003, only the above is assessed and will not have considered and adjusted the range of the firewood in the future , so the military spending assessed should be low than reality. Another learn in accordance with questionnaire investigation , compatriots reach 60.5% that the effective sample counted to support degree of the mercenary system, it is obvious that it is the expectations of most compatriots to implement the mercenary system. In the will of joining the army , though will consider that will occupy 74.6% that the result sample will be counted , the will is low to reflect the young man of the right battle age level, the main reason has no future and fetters too much. Ministry of National Defense since the 92nd year of the Republic of China , with one year Cheng by a definite date , is it recruit wish battle a soldier to run as an experiment in advance, the demand personnel is 647 person in initial stage , recruit through three times and only get 46% of the personnel¡¦s , namely 349 people. So, according to experiment of enlisting persons for service in the armed forces that our country implements for the first time, our country will implement the mercenary system and really exist difficultly. Any national defense builds up the Army and plans to pay attention to ' the stability of the manpower resource ' , because train a ripe soldier it is difficult, all taking the initiative , the wish that the advantage of enlisting persons for service in the armed forces lies in joining in the youth of the troops, the obeying can relatively bear every request trained strictly with the tolerance standing being trained hard, but the speech of stressing and obeying definitely army, it is really the easy taking and manpower resource with high fighting capacity to enlist persons for service in the armed forces. Restriction on the thing that individual took action copy characteristic of army, this be can't changed, but how to help the battle soldier of the wish to carry on the work or the career after retiring to plan, make the army become inducements , promising trade. So if can to volunteer soldier have appropriate career plan and every monthly pay money raise to more than NT$40,000, shown that the mercenary system of our country certainly will have bright prospects in the future by the statistical data.

Thesis (M.S. in Joint Campaign Planning and Strategy)--Joint Forces Staff College, Joint Advanced Warfighting School, 2008. / Title from PDF title page; viewed on Dec. 10, 2008. "4 April 2008." Electronic version of original print document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-83).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Duke University, 2007.

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005. / AD-A436 143. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-62). Also available online.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o sistema de serviço militar utilizado no Brasil quanto a suas características objetivas e subjetivas, no que concerne à Defesa e à Democracia. Este sistema, caracterizado pela especificidade da obrigatoriedade, em sua maioria, tem sofrido modificações significativas no período pós-regime militar (1985). O serviço militar, considerado em sua criação como vetor de profissionalização do Exército e estruturador da sociedade brasileira, perde o fôlego atualmente pela falta objetiva de possibilidade em manter a eficácia quanto à finalidade da Defesa; restam ainda os argumentos subjetivos de inserção na sociedade. As características subjetivas do serviço militar obrigatório defendidas nos dias de hoje baseiam-se em ideologias sustentadas pelos militares, denominados por Oliveiros Ferreira de “partido fardado”, importante articulador da sociedade, com grande peso específico na história do país. Esta visão conflita com as características básicas de uma Democracia Liberal e com as necessidades específicas da Defesa. / The purpose of this paper is to analyze the objective and subjective features of the military service system adopted in Brazil concerning its Defense and Democracy. This system, characterized by its own compulsory nature, has gone through significant modifications in the post-military regime. The military service, conceived as a means of professionalization in the Army and organizer of the Brazilian society, has lost ground due to the impossibility of maintaining its standard of the effectiveness as for the purpose of the Defense; there are still remaining the subjective arguments of the military’s interaction in society. The subjective features of the obligatory military service currently discussed, are based on ideologies sustained by the military, called the “Uniformed Party” by Oliveiros Ferreira, as an important articulation of society, with a great influence in the country’s history. However, those interests conflict with the basic characteristics of a Liberal Democracy and with the specific needs of the Brazilian Defense.

No description available.

Thesis advisor: Alan Rogers / Abstract: Splintered Loyalties: The Revolutionary War in Essex County, New Jersey By Gregory Francis Walsh Dissertation Director: Professor Alan Rogers "Splintered Loyalties" is a study of the people of Essex County, New Jersey and their experiences during the American Revolution. It is a careful analysis of their struggle to understand sweeping political change and their efforts to act in their community's best interest. This dissertation explores the momentous impact the Continental Congress's decision to declare independence had on Essex residents and stresses that both the British and American governments continued to fight for the hearts and minds of the people of Essex well after 1776. Relying on Essex County's military, economic, and judicial records and the public and private writings of ordinary people and their leaders, this project illustrates the waxing and waning of popular support for America's war effort between 1775 and 1783. Popular memory of the Revolution often divides the wartime population into distinct Patriot and Loyalist camps. This dissertation,however, argues that such a dichotomy recognizes neither the complexity of Patriots' and Loyalists' relationships with their wartime enemies nor the varying levels of commitment that Essex Patriots demonstrated in the war to establish a new republic. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: History.

The protection of the emerging right of conscientious objection to military service is one of the most challenging questions in international human rights law. The primary objective of this doctoral thesis is to clearly identify the minimum international legal standards on the phenomenon of conscientious objection to military service as emerging from the jurisprudence of international human rights bodies. Furthermore, this study aims to explore and assess how the Member States of the Council of Europe are effectively implementing these standards within their domestic laws and practice. The implementation of legal standards on conscientious objection in the Council of Europe varies considerably between the 47 Member States of the organisation due to a rapidly transforming sociopolitical landscape that affects the speed in which legislative and procedural amendments take place. Some of the themes explored throughout this thesis include: the legal contours of the right to conscientious objection to military service, including the grounds legally accepted to justify a conscientious objection; procedural guarantees with regard to the application process to be granted conscientious objectors status; the provision of accurate information to members of the public affected by mandatory military service and the extension of these principles to professional members of the armed forces. The thesis is structured as a thematic presentation of applicable international human rights standards and State practice and explores common issues, best practices and future challenges between the Member States of the organisation. The study does not merely aspire to describe the present situation in the Council of Europe, but rather aims to contribute to academic know ledge by proposing the development of a more coherent framework of legal and procedural obligations, based on the need to review and adapt national legislation in accordance to indicators and benchmarks derived from the Council's standard-setting policies.