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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Soldados nus: filhos do acaso ou filhos da glória. Estratégia militar e economia na América Latina independente: 1810 - 2000 / Naked soldiers: the economical potential and the military capacity in Latin America: 1810 - 2000

Pastore, Fortunato 27 November 2007 (has links)
O eixo principal da pesquisa é o estudo da relação entre o potencial econômico e a capacidade militar na América Latina nos séculos XIX e XX. Um dos outros eixos condutores da obra está associado à utilização dos conflitos como pontos de explicação e de comparação, focando a Guerra enquanto fenômeno complexo, que se manifesta e influencia fortemente todos os setores da vida social a muito tempo. A comprovação de que existe (e existiu) uma equiparação da capacidade militar com o potencial econômico, tanto em termos gerais (das potencialidades do país como um todo) quanto aos aspectos puramente militares (os investimentos específicos) foi efetiva em uma abordagem com a utilização dos dados na sua forma absoluta. Pode-se afirmar, inclusive, que para análises gerais e sistêmicas, que abordem longos períodos de tempo e com uma amplitude geográfica elevada, como a deste trabalho, a relação comparativa dos aspectos econômicos-militares e geopolíticos é suficiente para moldar um quadro explicativo sumamente satisfatório. Os pontos específicos do trabalho trataram de questões como uma exposição teórica e geral sobre as idéias de ciclos econômicos e da sua importância para a compreensão da história, mormente a Contemporânea. Também foram realizadas análises sobre os ciclos de guerras (e a sua relação com os ciclos econômicos), a conexão entre crises econômicas e a erupção de mudanças sociais e, mais clara e diretamente, de transformações políticas. Verificou-se a diferenciação de níveis de belicosidade na região entre o século XIX e o XX, sugerindo a salutar existência de uma macro-tendência da transição de uma América Latina mais belicosa para uma mais pacífica, não somente em si mesma, mas em termos de comparação mundial. A Formação dos países latino-americanos foi discutida, de forma teórica, focando, sobretudo, a questão da diversidade e da fragmentação da região em vários : \"Estados-Nação\" com a eclosão de grandes guerras e de instabilidade durante o período inicial. As diferentes guerras de independência ocorridas na região foram comparadas, estabelecendo-se uma visão de conjunto de forma ordenada no tempo e no espaço. As teorias de Mackinder e Spykman foram aplicadas regionalmente, montou-se um quadro comparativo das perdas e ganhos territoriais e uma descrição das disputas e dos acordos fronteiriços ocorridos na região. Por fim, como a batalha é, ou foi, a alma da guerra, uma das preocupações foi situar, de forma diacrônica, no território latino-americano as mais importantes batalhas e guerras aqui travadas, inclusive classificando-as pela taxa de mortalidade. / The main axis of the research is the study of the relationship between the economical potential and the military capacity in Latin America in the centuries XIX and XX. One of the other conductive axes of the work is associated to the use of the conflicts as explanation points and of comparison, focusing the War while complex phenomenon, that shows and it influences all strongly of the sections of the social life at a long time. The proof that it exists (and it existed) an equalization of the military capacity with the economical potential, so much in general terms (of the potentialities of the country as a whole) as for the aspects purely military (the specific investments) it was effective in an approach with the use of the data in his absolute form. It can be affirmed, besides, that for general and systemic analyses, that approach long periods of time and with a high geographical width, as the one of this work, the comparative relationship of the economical-military aspects and geopolitics it is enough to mold an explanatory picture extremely satisfactory. The specific points of the work treated of subjects as a theoretical and general exhibition on the ideas of economic cycles and of his importance for the understanding of the history, especially the Contemporary. Also analyses were accomplished on the cycles of wars (and his relationship with the economic cycles), the connection between economic crises and the eruption of social changes and, more directly, of political transformations. The differentiation of militancy levels was verified in the area among the century XIX and the XX, suggesting the salutary existence of a macro-tendency of the transition of a more belligerent Latin America for a more peaceful one, not only in herself, but in terms of world comparison. The Formation of the Latin-American countries was discussed, in a theoretical way, focusing, above all, the subject of the diversity and of the fragmentation of the area in several \"States-nation\" with the appearance of great wars and of instability during the initial period. The different independence wars happened in the area was compared, settling down a vision of group in an orderly way in the time and in the space. Mackinder and Spykman\'s theories were applied regionally was set up a comparative picture of the losses and territorial earnings and a description of the disputes and of the frontier agreements happened in the area. Finally, as the battle it is, or it was, the soul of the war, one of the concerns was to place, of diachronic form, in the Latin-American territory the most important battles and wars here locked, besides classifying them for the mortality tax.
2

Understanding the relationship between military spending cuts and military capacity: European states 2000-2012

Wieluns, Lenka 07 December 2016 (has links)
Europeans have been spending increasingly less on defense. This trend is puzzling on two accounts. Empirically, 30% of defense spending cuts correlated with a net increase in military capacity, contradicting conventional predictions of military degradation under budgetary pressures. Theoretically, it is unclear why cuts happen and whether conscious policy choices can translate spending cuts to favorable military capacity outcomes. Is the decline in defense spending a strategic choice to demilitarize, or is it intentionally managed to improve military capacity? I evaluate three conditions under which reductions in military expenditures can lead to favorable outcomes in military capacity: defense reform, defense collaboration and buck-passing. I investigate 30 defense spending cut periods (DSCP’s) in the 27 European states between 2000 and 2012. This group of states presents a hard case for my argument: decline in European military resources is most-likely intentional. Through Qualitative Comparative Analysis, I group DSCP’s by military capacity outcomes. I then evaluate presence of the three mechanisms by operationalizing necessary but insufficient conditions, and determine whether these potential explanations are sufficient by process-tracing select case studies. I find that defense reform presents the most compelling, collective collaboration less compelling and buck-passing least compelling explanation of a potentially non-detrimental relationship between DSCP’s and military capacity. Under declining defense spending, governments routinely chose to produce savings by eliminating redundancies, consolidating structures, and reinvested savings in operational readiness and quality of military forces. States increased defense collaboration in 47.3% of the DSCP’s, but initiatives still appear divorced from affecting robust military improvements at the national level. Under declining defense spending, buck-passing increased only modestly (8%-13%), with ongoing deployments supporting continued investment in the military. These findings imply that defense spending decline does not mean a European choice to demilitarize, but a choice to reform, sometimes in tandem with defense collaboration or buck-passing.
3

Soldados nus: filhos do acaso ou filhos da glória. Estratégia militar e economia na América Latina independente: 1810 - 2000 / Naked soldiers: the economical potential and the military capacity in Latin America: 1810 - 2000

Fortunato Pastore 27 November 2007 (has links)
O eixo principal da pesquisa é o estudo da relação entre o potencial econômico e a capacidade militar na América Latina nos séculos XIX e XX. Um dos outros eixos condutores da obra está associado à utilização dos conflitos como pontos de explicação e de comparação, focando a Guerra enquanto fenômeno complexo, que se manifesta e influencia fortemente todos os setores da vida social a muito tempo. A comprovação de que existe (e existiu) uma equiparação da capacidade militar com o potencial econômico, tanto em termos gerais (das potencialidades do país como um todo) quanto aos aspectos puramente militares (os investimentos específicos) foi efetiva em uma abordagem com a utilização dos dados na sua forma absoluta. Pode-se afirmar, inclusive, que para análises gerais e sistêmicas, que abordem longos períodos de tempo e com uma amplitude geográfica elevada, como a deste trabalho, a relação comparativa dos aspectos econômicos-militares e geopolíticos é suficiente para moldar um quadro explicativo sumamente satisfatório. Os pontos específicos do trabalho trataram de questões como uma exposição teórica e geral sobre as idéias de ciclos econômicos e da sua importância para a compreensão da história, mormente a Contemporânea. Também foram realizadas análises sobre os ciclos de guerras (e a sua relação com os ciclos econômicos), a conexão entre crises econômicas e a erupção de mudanças sociais e, mais clara e diretamente, de transformações políticas. Verificou-se a diferenciação de níveis de belicosidade na região entre o século XIX e o XX, sugerindo a salutar existência de uma macro-tendência da transição de uma América Latina mais belicosa para uma mais pacífica, não somente em si mesma, mas em termos de comparação mundial. A Formação dos países latino-americanos foi discutida, de forma teórica, focando, sobretudo, a questão da diversidade e da fragmentação da região em vários : \"Estados-Nação\" com a eclosão de grandes guerras e de instabilidade durante o período inicial. As diferentes guerras de independência ocorridas na região foram comparadas, estabelecendo-se uma visão de conjunto de forma ordenada no tempo e no espaço. As teorias de Mackinder e Spykman foram aplicadas regionalmente, montou-se um quadro comparativo das perdas e ganhos territoriais e uma descrição das disputas e dos acordos fronteiriços ocorridos na região. Por fim, como a batalha é, ou foi, a alma da guerra, uma das preocupações foi situar, de forma diacrônica, no território latino-americano as mais importantes batalhas e guerras aqui travadas, inclusive classificando-as pela taxa de mortalidade. / The main axis of the research is the study of the relationship between the economical potential and the military capacity in Latin America in the centuries XIX and XX. One of the other conductive axes of the work is associated to the use of the conflicts as explanation points and of comparison, focusing the War while complex phenomenon, that shows and it influences all strongly of the sections of the social life at a long time. The proof that it exists (and it existed) an equalization of the military capacity with the economical potential, so much in general terms (of the potentialities of the country as a whole) as for the aspects purely military (the specific investments) it was effective in an approach with the use of the data in his absolute form. It can be affirmed, besides, that for general and systemic analyses, that approach long periods of time and with a high geographical width, as the one of this work, the comparative relationship of the economical-military aspects and geopolitics it is enough to mold an explanatory picture extremely satisfactory. The specific points of the work treated of subjects as a theoretical and general exhibition on the ideas of economic cycles and of his importance for the understanding of the history, especially the Contemporary. Also analyses were accomplished on the cycles of wars (and his relationship with the economic cycles), the connection between economic crises and the eruption of social changes and, more directly, of political transformations. The differentiation of militancy levels was verified in the area among the century XIX and the XX, suggesting the salutary existence of a macro-tendency of the transition of a more belligerent Latin America for a more peaceful one, not only in herself, but in terms of world comparison. The Formation of the Latin-American countries was discussed, in a theoretical way, focusing, above all, the subject of the diversity and of the fragmentation of the area in several \"States-nation\" with the appearance of great wars and of instability during the initial period. The different independence wars happened in the area was compared, settling down a vision of group in an orderly way in the time and in the space. Mackinder and Spykman\'s theories were applied regionally was set up a comparative picture of the losses and territorial earnings and a description of the disputes and of the frontier agreements happened in the area. Finally, as the battle it is, or it was, the soul of the war, one of the concerns was to place, of diachronic form, in the Latin-American territory the most important battles and wars here locked, besides classifying them for the mortality tax.
4

Evropské zbrojní projekty a vojenské kapacity EU / European collaborative defense projects and the military capacity of the EU

Kalisky, Boris January 2009 (has links)
Diploma thesis "European collaborative defense projects and the military capacity of the EU" is dealing with the realization of cooperative projects and with their influence on the development of military capacities of the European Union member states. The author examines the economic and military advantages of international defense collaboration. The optimal way of collaboration leads to lower development and production costs, higher quality of the product and better competitiveness on the market. The author uses selected European programs to test how the results are achieved in reality. Further author identifies the goals of the European Defense and Security Policy as they were set up by the European Union. Mainly the so called Petersberg Tasks. The author examines which military capabilities the European Union needs to build in order to realize the full scope of the Petersberg Tasks and whether the realized collaborative projects enhance the capabilities of the Union for these tasks.

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