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Geostatistical methods were investigated in order to find efficient and accurate means for estimating a regionalized random variable in space based on limited sampling. The random variables investigated were (1) the bare soil temperature (BST) and crop canopy temperature (CCT) which were collected from a field located at the University of Arizona's Maricopa Agricultural Center, (2) the bare soil temperature and gravimetric moisture content (GMC) collected from a field located at the Campus Agricultural Center and (3) the electrical conductivity (EC) data collected by Al-Sanabani (1982). The BST was found to exhibit strong spatial auto-correlation (typically greater than 0.65 at 0⁺ lagged distance). The CCT generally showed a weaker spatial correlation (values varied from 0.15 to 0.84) which may be due to the length of time required to obtain an "instantaneous" sample as well as wet soil conditions. The GMC was found to be strongly spatially dependent and at least 71 samples were necessary in order to obtain reasonably well behaved covariance functions. Two linear estimators, the ordinary kriging and cokriging estimators, were investigated and compared in terms of the average kriging variance and the sum of squares error between the actual and estimated values. The estimate was obtained using the jackknifing technique. The results indicate that a significant improvement in the average kriging variance and the sum of squares could be expected by using cokriging for GMC and including 119 BST values in the analysis. A nonlinear estimator in one variable, the disjunctive kriging estimator, was also investigated and was found to offer improvements over the ordinary kriging estimator in terms of the average kriging variance and the sum of squares error. It was found that additional information at the estimation site is a more important consideration than whether the estimator is linear or nonlinear. Disjunctive kriging produces an estimator of the conditional probability that the value at an unsampled location is greater than an arbitrary cutoff level. This latter feature of disjunctive kriging is explored and has implications in aiding management decisions.

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The Mineral Park mine is a porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit developed within and adjacent to a Laramide quartz monzonite porphyry stock which intrudes Precambrian rocks in northwestern Arizona. The Precambrain sequence consists of older, broadly folded metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks which were intruded by a 1700-1800 m.y. old granite gneiss batholith. The contact between the two Precambrian terranes is a major structural element in the district and appears to have been important in localizing the Laramide intrusions and mineralization. Alteration is defined by early pervasive biotitization of hornblende in the Precambrain rocks and by recrystallization of rock biotite in the quartz monzonite porphyry. Pervasively biotitized rocks are crosscut first by biotite and then by K-feldspar veinlets. Fracture-controlled, economic sulfide mineralization then began with quartz-molybdenite-K-feldspar-anhydrite and was followed by quartz-chalcopyrite-K-feldspar-anhydrite. This potassic alteration and accompanying mineralization occur throughout the deposit and are crosscut by later quartz-pyrite-sericite veinlets. Orientations of mineralized fractures evolved through time from EW during molybdenum mineralization to NW during quartz-pyrite-sericite mineralization. Fracture densities during molybdenum mineralization averaged 0.05 cm⁻¹ and increased to 0.14 cm⁻¹ during quartz-pyrite-sericite mineralization. Sulfides were deposited from low salinity fluids (0.5 - 2.0 molal) in the temperature range 330°-360°C. High salinity fluids occurred only with quartz that was earlier than sulfide deposition. No homogenization temperatures greater than 440°C were observed. Molybdenum mineralization cuts all rock types and defines a vertical cylinder with a distinct low-grade core. Ore grade molybdenum mineralization is equally distributed between Laramide and Precambrian rocks, and overall grade decreases with depth. Hypogene copper mineralization has a greater lateral distribution than molybdenum mineralization, and surrounds a low grade core coincident with the low grade molybdenum core. The distribution of alteration and mineralization assemblages and the fact that both of these features crosscut all exposed rock types suggest that copper-molybdenum mineralization was not temporally related to the quartz monzonite porphyry exposed in the mine area. The narrow range of homogenization temperatures observed and the lack of high homogenization temperatures compared with the results of computer modelled systems indicate formation of mineralization 2 to 3 km above a source intrusion. Because no evidence for boiling was observed, only minimum pressures of formation can be determined. Minimum pressures during sulfide deposition varied from 180 to 80 bars. These pressures correspond to minimum depths of formation of 2 to 3 km which is in good agreement with an inferred depth of burial of approximately 3 km based on stratigraphy restored from the adjacent Colorado Plateau.