No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1972.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1972.

No description available.

The initial study herein assessed mineral digestibility in situations when reducedamounts of inorganic and organic (proteinates) trace minerals (TM) were fed in finishingpigs, and their long-term effects on body mineral status. The second study was aslaughter-investigation that tested the impact of lean growth potential on phosphorusbody accretion from 30 to 110 kg.Organic TM exhibited neither improvement in digestibility nor in total retention;fecal excretion responded quantitatively to mineral intake independently of the source.Contents of copper in kidney and zinc in liver were higher for pigs fed the organic form.Phosphorus content was linearly related to live weight, empty body weight, andnitrogen content. Phosphorus accretion was very similar for both genetic backgrounds,with gilts retaining more mineral (Pandlt;0.05) than barrows. A N/P deposition ratio of 5.14was determined for pigs of both genders and genetic backgrounds to further predictphosphorus requirements based on protein accretion.Reduction of TM waste from growing-finishing pigs may be best addressed bylimiting their dietary inclusion rather than by using organic forms. Data from the secondstudy may be useful for an accurate estimation of phosphorus requirements, whichaccounts for variations in lean accretion rate.

This study describes bone mineral index (g/cm²) of the distal and mid forearm, spine and hip in gymnasts/weight trainers, and runners with varying menstrual status. 12 eumenorrheic gymnasts/weight trainers (EGW), 11 eumenorrheic runners (ERU), 8 oligomenorrheic gymnasts/weight trainers (OGW), 3 oligomenorrheic runners (ORU) 4 amenorrheic runners (ARU) and a eumenorrheic control group (EC) of 18 subjects were examined. Bone mineral index (BMI) was measured using single and dual photon absorptiometry. EGW had greater BMI than ARU and EC (spine, hip and distal and mid forearm) and ERU (femur and distal forearm). The ARU were not significantly lower in BMI than the ERU. The ARU were only significantly lower in BMI than the EC at the distal forearm. OGW were not significantly greater in BMI than ORU. The OGW had greater BMI than the ARU (spine, femur and distal forearm), ERU and EC (femur and distal forearm). These results show higher BMI in gymnasts/weight trainers, independent of menstrual status, than in runners and controls.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oral contraceptives (OC) on bone health in active women during early adulthood. Thirty-eight women between the ages of 18 and 35 years participated in this study. Participants were placed into two groups: 1) those who had taken OCs (Ortho Tri-Cyclen for a minimum of two years (n=22) and 2) those who had never taken OCs (n=16). The two groups were matched based on age, nutritional habits, percent body fat, and activity level. Participants completed a health history questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire, and received a full body scan via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). An independent t-test revealed no significant difference (p < 0.05) between the bone mineral density of the women taking OCs (1.188 g/cm2 ± 0.09) and those women who never consumed OCs (1.207 g/cm2 ± 0.09). The effect of taking OCs in a young healthy population of women appears to have no osteogenic influence on bone health. / School of Physical Education

Thesis (M. Tech. (Biomedical Technology)) -- Central University of technology, Free State, [2013] / Introduction: Geophagia, a subcategory of pica, is the practice of persistently and deliberately eating earthy or soil like substances. A definite cause for the practice of geophagia is yet to be established, but some theories claim that the soil holds nutritional value to the geophagist. Method: Geophagic woman in the QwaQwa area between the ages of 18 and 45 years were identified by means of a questionnaire. A test group, consisting of 48 women in the habit of consuming soil, and a control group, consisting of 35 non geophagous women, were identified. Subjects in the control group were chosen from the same household or in the same area as the test subjects. On each subject, of both the test group and the control group, the following tests were done: total serum iron, transferrin, ferritin, calcium, magnesium, phosphate and albumin. The results obtained were statistically analysed and compared. Biochemical results were compared with haematology results obtained by another researcher, using the same test group and control group subjects. Results: In the test group, 75% of the individuals had results indicative of iron deficiency, compared to only 26% in the control group. The haematology results also indicate anaemia in the test group, most probably brought on by iron deficiency. There was no significant difference in mineral results between the test- and control group. Thus no association could be established between soil consumption and mineral status. Conclusion: In relation to non-geophagous women, people who consume soil have a tendency toward iron deficiency. It is impossible to ascertain whether the iron deficiency caused the craving for soil, or whether the consumption of soil caused the iron deficiency. No definite association could be made between soil consumption and mineral status.