The current generation of Palm PDA devices is designed to share information records primarily with a base desktop system, or a server. Therefore, their built- in features for sharing data during ad-hoc collaboration among groups of mobile users are inadequate. In this thesis, we describe a new framework that addresses this problem by allowing users to transparently share the record databases of common applications during spontaneous collaborative sessions. The framework also allows users to define custom sharing policies for each application/user pair. These policies determine the manner in which records are exchanged and update, thereby automating the process of handling conflicts and preserving user privacy preferences. We also present implementation results, in which we have used the framework to create shared versions of common applications, such as Calendar and Memo. Our experimental results show that the programming effort involved is minimal and the user interaction with the application is, essentially, the same as in the original application.

De nos jours, nous assistons à une énorme avancée des applications collaboratives mobiles. Ces applications tirentparti de la disponibilité croissante des réseaux de communication et de l’évolution impressionnante des dispositifsmobiles. Cependant, même avec un développement en accélération, ils demeurent toujours pauvres en ressources(une courte durée de vie des batteries et une connexion réseau instable) et moins sécurisés. Dans le cadre de notretravail, nous proposons une nouvelle approche basée sur le déploiement des tâches de collaboration mobile versle cloud. La gestion d’une virtualisation efficace assurant la continuité de la collaboration pour des réseaux pairà-pair est une tâche très difficile. En effet, l’aspect dynamique des groupes (où les utilisateurs peuvent joindre,quitter ou changer de groupes) ainsi qu’une vulnérabilité aux pannes peuvent affecter la collaboration. En outre,la conception de telles applications doit prendre en compte l’hétérogénéité des environnements cloud et mobile.Contrairement aux travaux existants , nous proposons une architecture réutilisable de haut niveau basée sur les patronsde conception et qui peut être facilement adaptée à plusieurs environnements clouds et mobiles hétérogènes.Nos modèles ont été utilisés comme base pour la conception de : (i) MidBox, une plate-forme virtuelle pour exécuterdes applications collaboratives mobiles sur un cloud privé et (ii) MobiRDF, un service de cloud décentralisépour la manipulation en temps réel des connaissances via des documents RDF partagés. / Nowadays we assist to an enormous progress of mobile collaborative applications. These applications take advantage of the increasing availability of communication networks and the impressive evolution of mobile devices. However, even with a developing acceleration, they are still poor in resources (short life of batteries andunstable network connections) and less secure. In the context of our work, we propose a new approach based on the deployment of mobile collaboration tasks to the cloud. The management of efficient virtualization ensuring continuity of collaboration in peer-to-peer networks is a very difficult task. Indeed, the dynamic aspect of the groups (where users can join, leave or change groups) and a vulnerability to failures can affect the collaboration.In addition, the design of such applications must consider the heterogeneity of cloud and mobile environments.Unlike existing works, we propose a reusable high-level architecture based on patterns design, which can be easily adapted to heterogeneous clouds and mobile environments. Our models have been used as basis for the design of:(i) MidBox, a virtual platform for running mobile collaborative applications on a private cloud and (ii) MobiRDFa decentralized cloud service for real-time manipulation of knowledge via shared RDF documents.