-Exchange Rate Dynamics under Financial Market FrictionsThis paper extends Dornbusch's overshooting model by proposing "generalized interest parity condition", which assumes sluggish adjustment on the asset market. The exchange rate model under the generalized interest parity condition is able to reproduce the delayed overshooting of nominal exchange rates and the hump-shaped response to monetary shocks of both nominal and real exchange rates.-Electoral Cycle of Exchange Rate in KoreaThis paper empirically investigates the real exchange rate behavior around elections in Korea. We find that the real exchange rate depreciates more before the elections but there is no clear pattern found after the elections. Interestingly, this result is the opposite of the electoral cycle found in Latin American countries. To explain this results we should consider the difference between economic backgrounds of Korea and Latin American countries.-Exchange Rate Regime, Capital Market Openness and Monetary Policy; The Trilemma in KoreaThis paper tests the trilemma proposition by performing an empirical study of Korea. Korea has distinct periods of all combinations of exchange rate regime and capital market openness in trilemma: pegged exchange rate regime under capital controls, pegged exchange rate regime under free capital mobility, and floating exchange rate regime under free capital mobility. We check whether monetary autonomy exists in each of the three different combinations. We find that monetary autonomy existed over the periods with capital controls and the periods with floating exchange rate regime. For the periods with the pegged exchange rate regime and free capital mobility, monetary autonomy was limited. In addition, we identify that just before the financial crisis the government pursued autonomic monetary policy under pegged exchange rate regime and free capital mobility, thereby defying the trilemma.

The objective of the thesis was to study monetary policy frameworks in developing countries. The thesis focused on three aspects of the monetary framework; the degree of central bank independence, the monetary policy strategy and the exchange rate regime. The research applied quantitative empirical analysis and in-depth case studies on Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon. The empirical research investigated three areas: 1) the phenomenon of ‘fear of floating’ and the correlation between exchange rate and macroeconomic volatility; 2) the degree of monetary policy independence in developing countries in the context of their increased integration into the global economic system; and 3) the degree of central bank independence and how it impacts both ‘fear of floating’ and monetary policy independence. The case studies allowed for an in-depth understanding of the process of setting monetary policy and the constraints under which it is formulated in developing countries. The results that emerged from the quantitative analysis highlight the impact of central bank independence in influencing the other aspects of the monetary framework, as it can mitigate fear of floating and contribute to increased monetary policy independence of world interest rates in developing countries. The case studies detailed the evolution of monetary frameworks in three countries with varying degrees of central bank independence. The degree of central bank independence increased in Egypt and Jordan as a result of severe currency crises in each country, while Lebanon provides a very different example of a developing country with an independent central bank since its inception. The conclusions that emerged from the cases suggest that central bank independence is critical in achieving exchange rate and price stability; however, developing countries should avoid focusing on exchange rate stability at the expense of other considerations for extended periods of time. In that, the results point to the benefits of proactively and pre-emptively managing the exchange rate regime. The cases also highlight the importance of the coordination between fiscal and monetary policies, as conditions of fiscal profligacy can undermine even the most independent central bank.

-Les dynamiques du taux de change en présence de frictions sur les marchés financiers.Cette analyse est une extension du modéle du surajustement « Overshooting » de Dornbusch. Il s'éloigne du modéle de base en faisant l'hypothèse que les marchés financiers ne s'ajustent pas instantanément, « generalised interest parity condition ». Le modele de taux de change sous cette hypothèse, reproduit le surajustement retarde du taux de change nominal. Notre modele arrive aussi a capturer la variation en forme de bosse du taux de change reel et suite a un choc monetaire.-Électorale Cycle de taux de change en CoréeCe papier analyse empiriquement les variations du taux de change reel en Coree du Sud, a l'approche des elections et un peu apres de celles-ci. Nous remarquons que le taux de change baisse juste avant les election mais nous n'avons pu deceler de tendance nette apres. Ce resultat est a l'oppose de celui trouve lors de l'étude des cycles électorales en Amérique latine. Nous expliquons cette divergence par des différences dans la structure économique entre la Corée du Sud et les pays d'Amerique latine-Le régime de change, l'ouverture des marchés de la capitale et de la politique monétaire; Le trilemme en CoréeCet article teste la proposition trilemme en effectuant une étude empirique de Corée. La Corée possède périodes distinctes de toutes les combinaisons de régime de taux de change et l'ouverture du marché des capitaux dans le trilemme: rattaché au régime de taux de change sous le contrôle des capitaux, rattaché au régime de taux de change sous libre circulation des capitaux et des taux de change flottant régime en vertu libre circulation des capitaux. Nous vérifions si l'autonomie monétaire existe dans chacune des trois combinaisons différentes. Nous constatons que l'autonomie monétaire existé au cours des périodes où les contrôles de capitaux et les périodes de régime de taux de change flottant. Pour les périodes avec le régime de parité fixe et libre circulation des capitaux, l'autonomie monétaire a été limitée. En outre, nous identifions que, juste avant la crise financière, le gouvernement a poursuivi la politique monétaire autonome sous le régime de taux de change arrimé et libre circulation des capitaux, défiant ainsi le trilemme. / -Exchange Rate Dynamics under Financial Market FrictionsThis paper extends Dornbusch's overshooting model by proposing “generalized interest parity condition”, which assumes sluggish adjustment on the asset market. The exchange rate model under the generalized interest parity condition is able to reproduce the delayed overshooting of nominal exchange rates and the hump-shaped response to monetary shocks of both nominal and real exchange rates.-Electoral Cycle of Exchange Rate in KoreaThis paper empirically investigates the real exchange rate behavior around elections in Korea. We find that the real exchange rate depreciates more before the elections but there is no clear pattern found after the elections. Interestingly, this result is the opposite of the electoral cycle found in Latin American countries. To explain this results we should consider the difference between economic backgrounds of Korea and Latin American countries.-Exchange Rate Regime, Capital Market Openness and Monetary Policy; The Trilemma in KoreaThis paper tests the trilemma proposition by performing an empirical study of Korea. Korea has distinct periods of all combinations of exchange rate regime and capital market openness in trilemma: pegged exchange rate regime under capital controls, pegged exchange rate regime under free capital mobility, and floating exchange rate regime under free capital mobility. We check whether monetary autonomy exists in each of the three different combinations. We find that monetary autonomy existed over the periods with capital controls and the periods with floating exchange rate regime. For the periods with the pegged exchange rate regime and free capital mobility, monetary autonomy was limited. In addition, we identify that just before the financial crisis the government pursued autonomic monetary policy under pegged exchange rate regime and free capital mobility, thereby defying the trilemma.