Thesis (M.A.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2007. / Vita. Appendices: leaves 102-145. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-157).

No description available.

Orientador: David Dequech Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T15:27:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aggio_GustavodeOliveira_M.pdf: 1141173 bytes, checksum: 2d9e8ae184faedf22a735a6b0870726c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Neste trabalho buscamos fazer uma contribuição para a teoria da aceitabilidade da moeda através de uma tentativa de compatibilizarão entre a teoria da moeda como uma convenção e a teoria da moeda do Estado. O método utilizado foi fazer o levantamento bibliográfico sobre os dois conjuntos teóricos e comparar os aspectos complementares entre eles. A conclusão a que chegamos e que a moeda completa aceita de forma generalizada em uma economia capitalista mantém seu caráter de convenção e a moeda do Estado. Este trabalho esta dividido em três capítulos. No primeiro observamos como a idéia de que a aceitabilidade da moeda possui um caráter convencional vem sendo utilizada desde a construção da economia como disciplina cientifica autônoma ate contemporaneamente. A idéia de moeda como convenção significa que um agente aceita a moeda porque espera que os demais também a aceitarão e que a forma aceita e em algum grau arbitraria. Isto significa que se todos os agentes aceitassem outra forma valida esta seria a moeda da economia. Verificamos, ainda, que alem de ser possível demonstrar logicamente a aceitabilidade generalizada da moeda-convencão, e possível construir teorias que especulam sobre a emergência da moeda. Estas teorias podem fazer alusão a processos históricos e permitem a compatibilidade entre a teoria da moeda como convenção e a teoria da moeda do Estado. No segundo capitulo delimitamos nosso estudo da teoria da moeda do Estado a chamada teoria cartalista da moeda. A apreciação desta teoria nos permitiu obter a definição de moeda do Estado como sendo toda aquela que o Estado aceita em pagamentos. Verificamos que a atuação do Estado permite a confiança na durabilidade da moeda na economia e que as principais formas de atuação do Estado são sobre a estrutura institucional de contratos monetários e a capacidade de instaurar uma cobrança de impostos estipulada na sua moeda. No terceiro capitulo sumarizamos os pontos de compatibilidade entre os dois conjuntos teóricos estudados nos capítulos precedentes e concluímos que o Estado e a instituição mais capacitada a ofertar e/ou regulamentar sobre a oferta da moeda aceita de forma generalizada na economia. Construímos, também, neste capitulo um modelo descritivo, sem formalização matemática, para indicar que a moeda aceita de forma generalizada em uma economia capitalista deve ser a moeda do Estado, mas que ela mantém a sua característica de convenção, porque pode deixar de ser aceita quando o Estado falhar em criar um estado de confiança suficiente para que os agentes aceitem definir suas posições econômicas nesta moeda. Isto possibilita que nossa teoria seja compatível com o fenômeno historicamente observado de crises monetárias / Abstract: In this study we intend to get a contribution to the theory of the acceptability of the money through an attempt of the compatibility between the theory of the money as a convention and the State theory of money. The method used in the study was to search for the bibliographic list of both theories and to compare the complementary issues between them. Our conclusion is that the generalized form accepted money in a capitalist economy keeps its convention characteristic and it is the State money. This study is divided in three chapters. In the first chapter we can notice how the idea of the acceptability of the money has a conventional character is been used since the construction of the economy as an autonomous scientific discipline until contemporary. The idea of the money as a convention means that an agent accepts money because he expects other ones will accept it too and that the accepted pattern is in a certain level arbitrary. This means that if all the agents would accept another valid form of money, this new form would be the money of the economy. We verified, nevertheless, that besides to be possible to demonstrate logically the generalized acceptability of the convention-money, it is also possible to build theories to speculate over the emergency of the money. These theories can refer to historic processes and to allow the compatibility between the theory of the money as a convention and the State theory of money. In the second chapter we delimitated the study of the theory of State money into the called Chartalists theory of money. The appreciation of this theory enabled us to obtain the definition of the State money as all money accepted by the State in payments. We certified that the action of the State allows the trust in the durability of the money in the economy and the State in the main manners acts over the institutional structure of the money contracts and the capability to institutes a collection of taxes stipulated for its money. In the third chapter we summarized the points of compatibility between both theories studied in the others chapters and we concluded the State is the institution with more capability to offers and/or regulates over the offer of generalized accepted money in the economy. We built too in this chapter a descriptive model, without a mathematical formalization, to indicate that the generalized form accepted money in the capitalist economy must be the State money, but it keeps the characteristic of convention because it could be a not accepted money when the State failed to keeps a state of trust enough to the agents accept to define their economic positions on this money. This allows our theory be compatible with the phenomenon history observed during the monetary crisis / Mestrado / Politica Economica / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

Magister Legum - LLM / This paper discusses the progress of international anti-money laundering (AML) law with regard to making tax evasion a predicate offence for the crime of money laundering (ML). This paper will focus particularly on the recent amendments that the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) made to its 40 + 9 Recommendations. The FATF Recommendations are recognised as the global AML standards. The amendments to these have resulted in tax crimes being made designated offences for ML. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the rationale behind this change and to assess the implications of bringing fiscal crimes under the AML regime.

M.A. / Money plays an important role in the everyday lives of church members. How church members view and engage with money has various implications. It concerns their theology, their well being and a number of other areas. In many cases the church has abdicated its responsibility to instruct and give guidance to church members and not provided adequate leading in the sphere of personal financial management. Diverse views on money are propagated through various media by both the secular world and the church alike. This Practical Theological study concerns the ethos of church members with regards to their personal financial management. It is a qualitative, phenomenological case study of the members of the AFM Taberna Dei assembly located in Polokwane, South Africa. This study is explorative and contextual. Qualified research subjects were selected by random sampling. Participants had to meet defined criteria, and data collection took place primarily through interviews with the chosen subjects. The probing question asked to participants is: “How do you approach your personal financial management?” Two main themes emerged during the coding and analytical phases of the research: theme A concerns religious beliefs influencing personal financial management and theme B non-religious beliefs and practices influencing the personal financial management of the participants. It is apparent that a general ethos of the personal financial management of members of Taberna Dei exists. This ethos is both defined and critiqued.

Magister Legum - LLM / Annually, money laundering costs global financial markets $2.5 trillion. Money laundering is especially problematic in that it results in a plethora of socioeconomic problems including poor economic performance and an upsurge in crime. In fact, predicate crimes such as corruption, drug trafficking, tax evasion, smuggling, fraud, and terrorism are so embedded within money laundering so much so that combatting either is a complicated task. Although it is a daunting endeavour, best practice teaches that multilateral and international cooperation are most effective at fighting money laundering. For that reason, establishing locally sensitive and yet internationally focussed anti-money laundering regimes is a priority for numerous countries.

No description available.

Un ystyr galanas oedd 'lladdedigaeth'. Ar ol Haddedigaeth bodolai cyflwr o elyniaeth, sef galanas, rhwng cenhedloedd y Iladdwr a'r Iladdedig. I ddod A'r elyniaeth i ben roedd yn rhaid dial neu dalu iawndal. Cyfatebai'r t5l hwn a'r gwerth ar fywyd dyn, a elwid yn alanas hefyd. Telid. sarlwed ar y cyd A galanas. Niwed i anrhydedd rhywun a'r iawndal am y fath niwed oedd sarhaed. Mae'r traethawd hwn yn trafod dau gysyniad cysylltiedig ac amrywiaeth o bynciau sy'n ymwneud a hwy. Trafodir braint (statws) aelodau'r gymdeithas a adjewyrchwyd gan werth eu galanas a'u sarhaed. Yr oedd y genedl (y 'kin') yn chwarae rol hanfodol mewn cymdeithas a chan fod. ei haelodau yn talu am alanas gyda'r Iladdwr, ac yn ei derbyn gyda'r Haddedig, rhaid, ei thrafod. Yr oedd y dull o weithredu galanas yn bwysig. Erbyn y drydedd ganrif ar ddeg, roedd y gyfundrefn oedd a'i gwreiddiau mewn dial wedi datblygu'n system Hawn dyfeisiau er mwyn tynnu'r ddwy blaid at ei gilydd mewn cymod. Yr oedd oedi a phwyllo yn ganolog. Mae taliadau galanas yn faterion cymhleth yr ymdrinnir a hwy yn fanwl. Trafodir, yn ogystal, gwahanol fathau o ladd. Lladd mewn Ilid oedd y Iladdedigaeth arferol ond roedd achosion mwy difrifol hefyd, fel Iladdedigaethau cudd. Mae'r cyfreithiau yn trafod sawl gwahanol fath o ladd gan gynnwys achosi braw a marw o ganlyniad i esgeulustod coediwr. Yr oedd angen rhyw elfen o fwriad neu esgeulustod er mwyn i genedl y Iladdedig fedru hawlio galanas; ni thelid galanas am weithred hollol ddamweiniol. Fodd bynnag, yr oedd angen bwriad, ae nid esgeulustod yn unig, er mwyn medru hawlio sarhaed. Y mae cyfraith galanas a sarhaed yn datgelu Ilawer ynglgn a chymdeithas yr Oesoedd Canol yng Nghymru a'r delfrydau a rwymodd ddynion at ei gilydd.

No description available.

No description available.