Moral education in Japanese and Taiwanese primary schools is an important source of political socialization. An analysis of these two countries' moral education curricula reveals traditions which reinforce national solidarity and central governmental authority. Moreover, political ideology is merged with supporting academic, economic, and cultural values. This study examines the political ideology of the moral education curricula in Japanese and Taiwanese primary schools, the values and behavior promoted by these ideologies, as well as the similarities and differences between the Japanese and Taiwanese systems. It is shown that a distinctive feature of both systems is the emphasis placed on political conformism, high academic achievement, professional diligence and economic success.

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published_or_final_version / abstract / Education / Master / Master of Education

The present study focusses on the description and analysis of the religious beliefs and practices of a central Taiwanese spirit-writing cult or "phoenix hall" (luantang). A phoenix hall is a voluntary religious association of congregational character centring upon communication with the gods by means of the divinatory technique of "spirit-writing" (fuluan). While spirit-writing can be and is used as an oracle for the solving of believers' personal problems, its more high-profile application is for the writing of so-called "morality books" (shanshu), i.e., books of religious instruction and moral exhortation. Spirit-writing cults are nowadays the most important sources of such works. Much attention has been given to morality books as mirrors of the social concerns of their times, but comparatively little work has been done on the groups that produce them and the meaning these works have for them. An adequate understanding of the meanings and functions of morality books, however, is impossible without some knowledge of the religious groups that produce them and the role played by morality books in their beliefs and practices. It is the objective of this thesis to provide a detailed description and analysis of one such group, the "Temple of the Martial Sage, Hall of Enlightened Orthodoxy" (Wumiao Mingzheng Tang), a phoenix hall in the city of Taizhong that was founded in 1976 and has played a significant role in the modern development of the shanshu genre through the active and varied publications programme of its publishing arm, the Phoenix Friend Magazine Society. The study utilizes data extracted from the Hall's published writings as well as interview, observation, and questionnaire data collected during an eight month period of field research in Taizhong. Part I provides a macrohistorical overview of the development of spirit-writing cults on the Chinese mainland (chapter 1) and on Taiwan (chapter 2) since the nineteenth century, leading up to the case-example's microhistory (chapter 3). Part II is devoted to an account of the beliefs and practices of the Wumiao Mingzheng Tang, including descriptions and analyses of its organization, deities, ritual activities, concepts of moral cultivation, and of the body of morality book literature it has produced over the years. The appendix contains samples of the cult's morality book and scriptural literature, as well as of various liturgical texts.

The present study focusses on the description and analysis of the religious beliefs and practices of a central Taiwanese spirit-writing cult or "phoenix hall" (luantang). A phoenix hall is a voluntary religious association of congregational character centring upon communication with the gods by means of the divinatory technique of "spirit-writing" (fuluan). While spirit-writing can be and is used as an oracle for the solving of believers' personal problems, its more high-profile application is for the writing of so-called "morality books" (shanshu), i.e., books of religious instruction and moral exhortation. Spirit-writing cults are nowadays the most important sources of such works. Much attention has been given to morality books as mirrors of the social concerns of their times, but comparatively little work has been done on the groups that produce them and the meaning these works have for them. An adequate understanding of the meanings and functions of morality books, however, is impossible without some knowledge of the religious groups that produce them and the role played by morality books in their beliefs and practices. It is the objective of this thesis to provide a detailed description and analysis of one such group, the "Temple of the Martial Sage, Hall of Enlightened Orthodoxy" (Wumiao Mingzheng Tang), a phoenix hall in the city of Taizhong that was founded in 1976 and has played a significant role in the modern development of the shanshu genre through the active and varied publications programme of its publishing arm, the Phoenix Friend Magazine Society. The study utilizes data extracted from the Hall's published writings as well as interview, observation, and questionnaire data collected during an eight month period of field research in Taizhong. Part I provides a macrohistorical overview of the development of spirit-writing cults on the Chinese mainland (chapter 1) and on Taiwan (chapter 2) since the nineteenth century, leading up to the case-example's microhistory (chapter 3). Part II is devoted to an account of the beliefs and practices of the Wumiao Mingzheng Tang, including descriptions and analyses of its organization, deities, ritual activities, concepts of moral cultivation, and of the body of morality book literature it has produced over the years. The appendix contains samples of the cult's morality book and scriptural literature, as well as of various liturgical texts. / Arts, Faculty of / Asian Studies, Department of / Graduate

曾麗珠. / 論文(哲學碩士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院敎育學部, 1996. / 參考文献 : leaves 108-115. / Zeng Lizhu [Zang Lai Zhu]. / 撮要 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 研究問題 --- p.2 / Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻評述 / Chapter 第一節 --- 儒家倫理?東亞現代化 / Chapter (一） --- 韋伯的理論及現代的挑戰 --- p.6 / Chapter (二） --- 從儒定倫理的理論層面作評述 --- p.13 / Chapter (三） --- 具備中國文化特色的東亞商人文化 --- p.18 / Chapter (四） --- 小結 --- p.25 / Chapter 第二節 --- 課程社會學與德育課程 / Chapter (?) --- 課程界說 --- p.27 / Chapter (二） --- 意識型態?課程 --- p.28 / Chapter (三） --- 儒家的意識型態與德育課程 --- p.31 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究設計 / Chapter 第一節 --- 研究目的 --- p.35 / Chapter 第二節 --- 研究對象 --- p.36 / Chapter 第三節 --- 兩地?科書的編纂 / Chapter (一） --- 台灣教科書的編纂過程 --- p.40 / Chapter (二） --- 香港?科書的編纂 --- p.41 / Chapter 第四節 --- 研究工具 / Chapter (一） --- 分析架構 --- p.42 / Chapter (二） --- 量表?各項的涵義及細目 --- p.47 / Chapter 第五節 --- 研究假設 --- p.51 / Chapter 第六節 --- 研究方法 --- p.53 / Chapter 第七節 --- 研究限制 --- p.54 / Chapter 第八節 --- 先導研究 --- p.55 / Chapter 第四章 --- 研究結果與分析（?） (港台兩地?科書?的儒家概念的分析比較） / Chapter 第一節 --- 研究的焦點及分析方法 --- p.57 / Chapter 第二節 --- 兩地?科書?容分析結果比較 --- p.60 / Chapter 第三節 --- 總結 --- p.63 / Chapter 第五章 --- 研究結果與分析（二） (港台兩地?科書?的儒家概念分佈情況比較） / Chapter 第一節 --- 研究焦點 --- p.64 / Chapter 第二節 --- 兩地?科書中的道德概念在各儒家倫理 範疇分佈情況比較 --- p.65 / Chapter 第三節 --- 兩地?科書的德育概念在各實踐層次 的分佈情況比較 --- p.75 / Chapter 第四節 --- 總結 --- p.97 / Chapter 第六章 --- 總結 / Chapter 第一節 --- 研究結果綜合 --- p.99 / Chapter 第二節 --- 研究結果剖析 --- p.102 / Chapter 第三節 --- 研究意義 --- p.105 / Chapter 第四節 --- 研究限制 --- p.107 / 【附錄】 一.英文參考書目 --- p.108 / Chapter 二. --- 中文參考書目 --- p.112 / Chapter 三. --- 教科書?容分析結果 --- p.116 / Chapter 四. --- 圖目次 --- p.145 / Chapter 五. --- 表目次 --- p.146