<p>Oral cancer is characterised by marked geographical differences in frequency and site preference as reported by various studies. In South Africa, a few studies have been reported on the patterns and aetiology of oral cancer, and age standardised incidence rates (ASIR). Studies in several countries have shown an increase in oral cancer incidence among younger people. Title:&nbsp / Epidemiology of oral cancer in South Africa 1996-2002.&nbsp / Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the age standardised incidence rates (ASIR) of oral cancer by age, gender, race&nbsp / and site in South Africa for a consecutive period of seven years. Method: Pathology case records of oral cancer diagnosed over a seven-year period from 1996 to 2002 and reported to the National&nbsp / Cancer Registry (NCR) were analysed for age, sex, race, and date of diagnosis, basis of diagnosis, topography and tumour type. The data was tabulated and categorised using Microsoft Excel. The South African population size for each year of the study was estimated by linear extrapolation using the 1996 and 2001 census results. Age standardisation incidence rates against the world&nbsp / population were calculated by the standard direct method. Results: The total number of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases over the 7-year period was 9702. The majority of cases (34%) were&nbsp / on the tongue. The male to female ratio was 1:3. The age standardized incidence rates in this study was lower among African women / (0.640 per 100000 per year) and the highest was 13.40 new cases per 100000 per year (coloured males). Lip cancer was highest among both males and females of the white population. The cumulative rate of developing oral cancer was 1:83 and 1:32 for males and females respectively.</p>

<p>Oral cancer is characterised by marked geographical differences in frequency and site preference as reported by various studies. In South Africa, a few studies have been reported on the patterns and aetiology of oral cancer, and age standardised incidence rates (ASIR). Studies in several countries have shown an increase in oral cancer incidence among younger people. Title:&nbsp / Epidemiology of oral cancer in South Africa 1996-2002.&nbsp / Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the age standardised incidence rates (ASIR) of oral cancer by age, gender, race&nbsp / and site in South Africa for a consecutive period of seven years. Method: Pathology case records of oral cancer diagnosed over a seven-year period from 1996 to 2002 and reported to the National&nbsp / Cancer Registry (NCR) were analysed for age, sex, race, and date of diagnosis, basis of diagnosis, topography and tumour type. The data was tabulated and categorised using Microsoft Excel. The South African population size for each year of the study was estimated by linear extrapolation using the 1996 and 2001 census results. Age standardisation incidence rates against the world&nbsp / population were calculated by the standard direct method. Results: The total number of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases over the 7-year period was 9702. The majority of cases (34%) were&nbsp / on the tongue. The male to female ratio was 1:3. The age standardized incidence rates in this study was lower among African women / (0.640 per 100000 per year) and the highest was 13.40 new cases per 100000 per year (coloured males). Lip cancer was highest among both males and females of the white population. The cumulative rate of developing oral cancer was 1:83 and 1:32 for males and females respectively.</p>

Habilitationsschrift--Münster. / Bibliography . [82]-101.

Diss. med. dent. Zürich. / Literaturverz.

Diss. med. dent. Zürich. / Literaturverz.

Habilitationsschrift--Münster. / Bibliography . [82]-101.

Orientador: Glauco Issamu Miyahara / Coorientador: Daniel Galera Bernabé / Coorientadora: Sandra Helena Penha de Oliveira / Banca: Eder Ricardo Biasoli / Banca: Laura Cristina Sichero Vetorazzo / Resumo: Evidências sugerem que o papilomavírus humano (HPV) está associado com um subgrupo de carcinomas de células escamosas da cabeça e pescoço (HNSCC). No entanto, a prevalência do HPV varia substancialmente dependendo do local anatômico e da região geográfica estudada. Aqui, nosso objetivo foi investigar a prevalência do HPV em amostras de tecido fresco de pacientes brasileiros com carcinoma de células escamosas (CEC) de boca e orofaringe combinando dois métodos confiáveis para a detecção do HPV. Foram recrutadas trinta e seis amostras de tecido fresco provenientes de CEC de boca (n= 27) e orofaringe (n= 9) para análises. As características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida e clinicopatológicas foram coletadas através dos prontuários. O DNA do HPV foi detectado por dois métodos: reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real através de ensaio qualitativo de presença ou ausência do HPV-16, e testado para 37 genótipos usando Linear Array. A amplificação do gene β -globina funcionou como controle interno positivo para a análise do DNA em todas as amostras. O DNA do HPV não foi detectado em nenhum dos casos de amostras de tecido de pacientes com CEC em ambos os métodos utilizados. A ausência do HPV observada em nosso estudo pode sugerir que este não é um fator de risco prevalente nos CECs de boca e orofaringe nesta região geográfica. Os fatores de risco clássicos para o desenvolvimento desses tumores parecem ser ainda a principal causa nessa população brasileira. Investigações de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Evidence suggests that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with a subgroup of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC). However, the prevalence of HPV varies substantially depending on the anatomical site and geographic region studied. Here, our goal was to investigate the prevalence of HPV in fresh tissue samples from Brazilian patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and oropharynx by combining two reliable methods for the detection of the HPV DNA. We recruited thirty-six fresh tissue samples from SCC of the oral cavity (n= 27) and oropharynx (n= 9) for analysis. The sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinicopathological characteristics were obtained from individual medical records. HPV DNA was detected by two methods: real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) through the qualitative assay of presence or absence for HPV-16, and tested for 37 genotypes by the Roche Linear Array. Amplification of the β-globin gene functioned as a positive internal control for DNA analysis in all samples. HPV DNA was detected in none of the tissue samples from patients with SCC in both methods. The absence of HPV observed in our study may suggest that this is not a prevalent risk factor in SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx in this geographical region. The classic risk factors for the development of these tumors seem to be still the main cause in this Brazilian population. Detailed investigations of lifestyle with larger sample needs to be better explored to understand the low prevalence found / Mestre

Orientador: Daniel Galera Bernabé / Coorientador: Glauco Issamu Miyahara / Banca: Dulce Elena Casarini / Banca: Eder Ricardo Biasoli / Resumo: Objetivos: As catecolaminas podem regular diversos efeitos biológicos resultantes do estresse crônico. Estudos demonstram que as catecolaminas podem influenciar a progressão do câncer. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o perfil de secreção das catecolaminas em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP) e sua associação com as variáveis clinicopatológicas e psicológicas. O presente estudo investigou os níveis plasmáticos pré-tratamento das catecolaminas norepinefrina (NE) e epinefrina (E) em pacientes com câncer de boca e orofaringe e em pacientes com leucoplasia bucal, bem como sua associação com as variáveis clinicopatológicas, biocomportamentais e os sintomas de ansiedade. Pacientes e métodos: Um total de 71 pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) de boca, 22 pacientes com CEC de orofaringe e 32 portadores de leucoplasia bucal foram submetidos à coleta de amostras de sangue. Os níveis plasmáticos das catecolaminas NE e E foram mensurados por meio de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com detecção eletroquímica (CLAE-ED) e os níveis psicológicos de ansiedade foram mensurados pelo Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (IAB). As diferenças nos níveis hormonais entre os grupos foram avaliadas pelo teste ANOVA e análises univariadas e regressões múltiplas foram realizadas para avaliar as associações dos níveis hormonais com as variáveis clinicopatológicas, biocomportamentais e psicológicas. Resultados: As concentrações plasmáticas de NE e E foram significativamente maiores... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Background: Catecholamines may regulate several biological effects resulting from chronic stress. Studies have shown that stress-related catecholamines may affect cancer progression. However, little is known about catecholamines secretion profile in head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients and its association with clinicopathological and psychological variables. The present study investigated the pre-treatment plasma levels of catecholamines norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) in patients with oral and oropharyngeal SCC and patients with oral leukoplakia, as well as their associations with clinicopathological and biobehavior variables and anxiety symptoms. Patients and methods: A total of 71 patients with oral SCC, 22 patients with oropharyngeal SCC and 32 patients with oral leukoplakia were submitted to blood samples. Plasma levels of NE and E were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) and psychological anxiety levels were measured by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Differences in hormone levels among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA test. Univariate and multiple regression analyzes were performed to evaluate the associations of hormonal levels with clinicopathological, biobehavior and psychological variables. Results: Plasma NE and E concentrations were significantly higher in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer than oral leukoplakia patients (p<0.05). Oral SCC patients showed NE levels (462.03±47.53 pg/mL) about six times and nine times higher than patients with oropharyngeal SCC (74.46±12.52 pg/mL) and oral leukoplakia (51.69±6.28 pg/mL), respectively. Plasma NE and E levels were positively correlated in patients with oral SCC (p=0.0011), but not in the oropharyngeal SCC and oral leukoplakia groups. Multiple... / Mestre

Submitted by INGRID DA SILVA SANTOS null (iingridsantos@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-26T03:09:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado_Repositório UNESP_INGRID DA SILVA SANTOS.pdf: 1875360 bytes, checksum: b760f2a2958eb68922d78501172c5f4e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-06-28T16:45:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_is_me_araca_par.pdf: 1437951 bytes, checksum: 9bb3ef4b8f15e4259996185982c7950e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-28T16:45:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_is_me_araca_par.pdf: 1437951 bytes, checksum: 9bb3ef4b8f15e4259996185982c7950e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM) / Evidências sugerem que o papilomavírus humano (HPV) está associado com um subgrupo de carcinomas de células escamosas da cabeça e pescoço (HNSCC). No entanto, a prevalência do HPV varia substancialmente dependendo do local anatômico e da região geográfica estudada. Aqui, nosso objetivo foi investigar a prevalência do HPV em amostras de tecido fresco de pacientes brasileiros com carcinoma de células escamosas (CEC) de boca e orofaringe combinando dois métodos confiáveis para a detecção do HPV. Foram recrutadas trinta e seis amostras de tecido fresco provenientes de CEC de boca (n= 27) e orofaringe (n= 9) para análises. As características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida e clinicopatológicas foram coletadas através dos prontuários. O DNA do HPV foi detectado por dois métodos: reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real através de ensaio qualitativo de presença ou ausência do HPV-16, e testado para 37 genótipos usando Linear Array. A amplificação do gene β -globina funcionou como controle interno positivo para a análise do DNA em todas as amostras. O DNA do HPV não foi detectado em nenhum dos casos de amostras de tecido de pacientes com CEC em ambos os métodos utilizados. A ausência do HPV observada em nosso estudo pode sugerir que este não é um fator de risco prevalente nos CECs de boca e orofaringe nesta região geográfica. Os fatores de risco clássicos para o desenvolvimento desses tumores parecem ser ainda a principal causa nessa população brasileira. Investigações detalhadas do estilo de vida com maior amostragem precisam ser melhor exploradas para compreensão da baixa prevalência encontrada. / Evidence suggests that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with a subgroup of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC). However, the prevalence of HPV varies substantially depending on the anatomical site and geographic region studied. Here, our goal was to investigate the prevalence of HPV in fresh tissue samples from Brazilian patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and oropharynx by combining two reliable methods for the detection of the HPV DNA. We recruited thirty-six fresh tissue samples from SCC of the oral cavity (n= 27) and oropharynx (n= 9) for analysis. The sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinicopathological characteristics were obtained from individual medical records. HPV DNA was detected by two methods: real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) through the qualitative assay of presence or absence for HPV-16, and tested for 37 genotypes by the Roche Linear Array. Amplification of the β-globin gene functioned as a positive internal control for DNA analysis in all samples. HPV DNA was detected in none of the tissue samples from patients with SCC in both methods. The absence of HPV observed in our study may suggest that this is not a prevalent risk factor in SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx in this geographical region. The classic risk factors for the development of these tumors seem to be still the main cause in this Brazilian population. Detailed investigations of lifestyle with larger sample needs to be better explored to understand the low prevalence found. / FAPEAM: 120/2015

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-13T13:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-19. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-13T13:32:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000856351.pdf: 2542004 bytes, checksum: 8850689d9c7932bda0c5294e9d5042a4 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O câncer bucal é uma doença altamente incidente na população mundial, podendo provocar deformidades faciais e morte. O tratamento de escolha envolve a administração de quimioterápicos, que podem apresentar ação citotóxica também sobre células saudáveis, diminuindo significativamente a qualidade e sobrevida dos pacientes. A curcumina, composto de ocorrência natural isolado dos rizomas da Curcuma longa, tem apresentado atividade no tratamento do câncer bucal, atuando sobre o fator nuclear kappa-beta (NF-kB), que medeia a expressão de genes que estão envolvidos na promoção de tumores, angiogênese e metástases. No entanto, seu uso clínico enfrenta muitos desafios devido às suas características físico-químicas e baixa biodisponibilidade oral. Assim, sua incorporação em sistemas nanoestruturados precursores de cristais líquidos (SPCL) acrescidos de adjuvantes poliméricos mucoadesivos para administração bucal demonstra ser uma opção interessante para viabilizar o seu uso, uma vez que estes sistemas conseguem proteger o fármaco da degradação e aumentar o tempo de permanência da formulação no ambiente bucal, possibilitando uma liberação controlada no local específico de ação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver SPCL contendo curcumina para a administração bucal visando a otimização do tratamento câncer bucal. O delineamento dos sistemas se baseou na construção de diagramas ternários de fases pela mistura de PPG-5-CETETH-20, ácido oleico e utilizando fase aquosa adicionadas de dispersões de quitosana, poloxâmero e uma mistura binária de quitosana e poloxâmero. Entretanto, a utilização de dispersão de quitosana na fase aquosa gerou sistemas instáveis e essa estabilidade pôde ser melhorada com a adição de poloxâmero juntamente com a quitosana. As formulações foram caracterizadas macroscopicamente, por microscopia de luz polarizada, espalhamento de raio-x à baixo ângulo (SAXS),... / Oral cancer is a highly incident disease in the world population and it can causes facial deformities and death. The choice treatment is costly and usually involves the administration of chemotherapy, which may have cytotoxic action also on healthy cells, which affects significantly the quality and survival of patients. Curcumin, naturally occurring compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, it has shown activity in the treatment of oral cancer, it acts on the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB), which it mediates expression of genes that are involved in promoting tumors, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, its clinical use shows several challenges, mainly due to its physicochemical characteristics and low oral bioavailability. Thus, when incorporated in nanostructured systems precursors of liquid crystas (SPLC) added of a mucoadhesive polymer adjuvants, shows to be an interesting option to enable its use in the treatment of oral cancer, since these systems can protect the drug against degradation and to increase the residence time of the formulation in the oral environment, allowing a controlled release on an specific site of action. The aim of this study was to develop LCSP containing curcumin for oral administration in order to optimize the oral cancer treatment. The design of the systems was based on the construction of ternary phase diagrams by mixing PPG-5-CETETH-20, oleic acid and using aqueous dispersions added chitosan, poloxamer and a binary mixture of chitosan and poloxamer. However, the use of chitosan dispersion in the aqueous phase produced unstable systems and the stability can be improved with the addition of poloxamer with chitosan. The formulations were characterized by macroscopic appearance, polarized light microscopy (PLM), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), oscillatory rheology, texture analysis and analysis of in vitro mucoadhesion. The MLP show ... / FAPESP: 13/03746-3