Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of a Masters of arts by coursework and research report in social anthropology University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg / As capitalism speeds up and spreads out whilst entering a new phase of internationalization, individuals are left with uncertainty with regards to what ‘place’ means and how they should relate to it. Within the corporate sphere, this must ring true for many office workers – especially those who have migrated to new cities or countries. Scholarly work on time-space compression has prompted anthropologists (and social theorists) to re-think ‘place’ not solely in terms of capital, but also in relation to race or gender. By looking at an Indian-owned international mining corporation, which has entered Africa – specifically in Tete, Mozambique – with, in their view, the aim of functioning as a ‘local company’, I wish to interrogate corporate self-conceptualisation by asking the question: “What does it mean to be an Indian corporation in Africa?” I explore their Colony – made up of the corporate administrative office and adjacent housing compound – by looking at how this space is constructed in relation to the outside space of the country in which it is located, as well as through an unpacking of this construction with regards to workplace relations in the corporate office and in the lives of office workers both within and outside of the office. We can no longer look at a single place without considering the complex mix of the global that makes it up, that indeed collapses into it. We are challenged to see place as a point of intersection; to not merely look at the visible networks of global capital, but also to recognise and give importance to those invisible flows of people and networks that link them, especially in relation to south-south partnerships and interactions. When looking at the office space, we must acknowledge that the office space is more than simply a daily meeting place – it is not static, and it has no boundaries (other than its four walls). Rather, it is more complex than a single identity and yet, at the same time, is unique in the complexities that unify it. / GR2017

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Science politique--Lyon 2, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 613-644.

M.Tech. Business Administration. Business School. / Although the civil war in Mozambique ended in the early 1990s, people living in the urban parts of Maputo City in Mozambique routinely travel to South Africa in order to do routine shopping. A study was conducted based on a random sample of 250 respondents in order to identify key factors that motivate residents of Maputo to do shopping in South African cities. Results obtained from factor analysis showed that people living in the urban parts of Maputo City in Mozambique were motivated by 8 factors to travel to South Africa for shopping. These 8 factors were: The provision of courtesy to customers ; Availability of vast information on latest products ; Relaxing shopping environment ; The provision of suitable packing materials for goods ; Competency of staff working in South African shopping malls ; Guaranteed confidentiality ; Good reputation of South African service providers ; The ability to return goods to suppliers within the warranty period.

Biological and economic efficiencies of major genes for feather reduction (naked neck and frizzle) and body size reduction (dwarf) in a dual purpose layer strain were evaluated in the subtropical coastal region of South-East Africa (Maputo, Mozambique). The experimental material consisted of eight different genetic groups, two diets (14.4 and 16.2% crude protein) and two climatic seasons. Birds were caged individually in an open-side shelter with natural light. Traits measured were: temperature and relative humidity, body weight, age at first egg, egg weight, egg production, egg quality, feed intake and mortality. The following were calculated: temperature-humidity index (THI), growth rate, persistence, egg mass, feed efficiency, feed conversion, biological efficiency (EM/BWO.75) and productivity (EN/BWo. 75). The main results show that: (1) none of the feather-reduced genes significantly improved egg production or the efficiency of feed utilization, although the naked neck (Na) excelled in terms of the number and mass of eggs produced per metabolic body weight; (2) the dwarf gene (dw) was associated with delayed sexual maturity, production of fewer and lighter eggs, higher persistence, better feed conversion and higher survivability; (3) climatic seasonal effects were observed in all traits analysed, with elevated temperatures restraining body weight gain, the number and weight of the eggs produced, and voluntary feed intake; (4) the lower dietary protein content resulted in decreased egg weight. It was concluded that the normal feathered dwarf is the most suitable genetic group for peri-urban and rural production systems in this region. / Thesis (PhD (Animal Science))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Animal and Wildlife Sciences / unrestricted

published_or_final_version / Comparative Literature / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

No description available.

<p>This study was carried out with the assumption that practical work does contribute to the teaching and learning of cell biology at Eduardo Mondlane University in Mozambique. In this regard, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of practical work in the teaching and learning of cell biology concepts, specifically focussing on cell divisions concepts. It also aimed at determining the students' perceptions of the role of practical work in the learning of cell biology. On the other hand, the study sought also to understand the lecturers' practical work teaching experiences and views regarding the cell biology practical work.</p>

D.Sc. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Research Paper Submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial completion of the requirements for a Masters Degree (MA) in the field of Demography and Population Studies 2016 / Context: Various reforms that are approved by the law and are intended to foster gender equality have been established by eleven nations in the Southern African Development Community Region (SADC). However, irrespective of the efforts exercised to eliminate practices that inhibit females from being able to attain their human rights, early marriage remains to be one of the discriminatory traditional practices which occur under harmful customary laws and societal norms in a number of SADC nations. The practice of early marriage violates international human rights laws that are aimed at fostering gender equality, in particular, those of females. In addition, early marriage poses a serious threat to the health and social standing of females which often results in females being politically and financially subordinated in relation to their male counterparts as well as being subjected to sexual abuse and control by males. Despite several strategies that have been established by the Mozambican government that intend to improve education and employment as well as decrease the levels of impoverishment, gender inequality is still a predominant phenomenon that leaves females being the most marginalised in relation to males, in all sociocultural, political and financial domains. This research study sought to explore whether demographic and socioeconomic characteristics including region of residence, current age of the respondent, educational level, religious affiliation, type of place of residence, and wealth status are influential on age at first marriage. Methods: This study utilised secondary statistics acquired from the 2011 Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey. The 2011 Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey is a survey that includes a sample of 13 745 females who are between the ages 15-49 years old. The sample of respondents consisted of females who have been or are in a marital union of childbearing ages 15-49. Due to the event of interest being marriage, only 10893 females were or had been in a marital union while the remaining 2852 had never been in a union. Thus the analytic sample size utilised in this study was 10893 and the remaining 2852 cases were simply right censored. The outcome variable was age at first marriage and the predictors were the respondent’s current age, region of residence, educational level, religious affiliation, type of place of residence and wealth status. A Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model was employed in order to analyse the time of first entry into a marital union, systematically. The data analysis was done in three phases. The first phase included descriptive analyses of the variables utilised in the study through a series of frequency tables and discussions. The second stage included Kaplan-Meier graphs which were used to estimate levels of age at first marriage. The third stage included an unadjusted (bivariate) and adjusted (multivariate) Cox Regression model which was employed to determine characteristics that had an influence on age of first marriage. Results: Hazard ratios shown in the multivariate Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model showed that the respondent’s age, level of education and region of residence are significant predictors of age at first marriage among females in Mozambique. These associations indicated that early marriage is highest in Mozambique’s northern regions with females residing in Manica exhibiting a 19% increased hazard ratio of exposure to early marriage, followed by females residing in Cabo Delgado who exhibit an 11% increased hazard ratio of exposure to early marriage. The lowest rates of early marriage were found in Mozambique’s southern regions with females residing in Maputo exhibiting a 20% lower risk of exposure to early marriage, followed by females residing in Gaza who exhibit a 14% lower risk of exposure to early marriage and this can be attributed to cultural and societal differences. Early age of marriage is highest among females in the 15-19 year age groups and early age of marriage starts to decrease with an in increase in the female’s age. This is evident from the presented hazard ratios which indicated that females aged 45-49 exhibited a 73% lower risk of exposure to early marriage, followed by females aged 40-44 who exhibited a 71% lower risk of exposure to early marriage and females aged 35-39 who exhibited a 70% lower risk, in relation to the younger-aged females. Furthermore, the more education a female attains, the more her age of marriage increases. This is evident from the results as they show that females with a primary education have a 5% higher hazard ratio of exposure to early marriage while females with a secondary education have a 21% reduced hazard ratio of exposure, followed by females with a tertiary education who have a 46% reduced hazard ratio of exposure to early marriage. Conclusion: The overall inference drawn from this study was that early marriage is a pervasive phenomenon that is still carried out in the northern regions of Mozambique and is particularly prevalent among young females aged 15-19 who have a primary or no education. Results demonstrated that a number of inequalities exist in the country and these inequalities are not only exclusive between males and females but also exist among young females themselves, particularly those who reside in the rural regions of Mozambique and this is due to the different lifestyles led in the rural and urban areas. Furthermore, the results showed that customary laws of marriage that have been imposed by traditional authorities specifically among citizens living in the rural areas of Mozambique are not aligned with the main civil laws that have been implemented by the Mozambican government and made rigid in order to foster gender equality and improve the situation of women. This thus suggests that there are inconsistencies in the laws and thus they do not sufficiently protect young females from entry into early marriages. Thus, the Mozambican government needs to scale up strategies that will be beneficial in eradicating the practice of early marriage. / MT2017

Submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements for Masters of Arts in Development Studies by coursework and research report In the Graduate School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, 2016 / Social cash transfer programmes on the African continent have more than doubled in the last decade, and this signifies a transformation in the perception of social cash transfers as ‘pity handouts’ to how they are seen today, as ‘productive investments’ in human capabilities. Southern Africa has been a pioneer in social protection growth in the last twenty years, but often accounts of these histories focus on pension schemes in places such as South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, and Lesotho. There is little incorporation of Mozambique’s social protection history, and most histories do not detail that Mozambique ranks fourth chronologically, in introduction of cash transfer programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa. This research puts forth that the Mozambican case of an early adoption of cash transfers in 1990 is a positive and unique example of a state’s active role in social protection despite neoliberal constraints. The state-led adoption of cash transfers in response to rising inequality and economic instability is unexpected at a time when these programmes were unpopular development interventions and when the state was supposedly rolled-back and confined because neoliberalism and the civil war. Tracing the history of Mozambican social cash transfers in the last 25 years illustrates two consistencies of the Mozambican government: 1. A supportive political position towards state involvement in welfare programmes, despite the government’s own political and development sector transformation from Marxist-Leninist orientation to welcoming of privatization; and 2. State financial and political support of social protection throughout a period when cash transfers in Sub-Saharan Africa went from unpopular hand-out interventions during crises, to lobbying for permanent social protection as a mechanism to address chronic poverty. / GR2017