Abstract Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) were one of the major contributors to the economic miracle of Taiwan. There are over a million SMEs, which comprise 97.7% of all Taiwanese enterprises, However, SMEs faced with high risks of failure, especially at their entrepreneurship stages, due to their lack of expertise and abilities in technologies developments, together with their disadvantages in economy scale, market, capital and business connections. Thus more than 60 incubators were founded by Taiwan Government in past seven years to help SMEs entrepreneur cope with the above threaten. These incubators vary in factors such as capabilities, facility, and resources. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate incubator is a critical issue for an SME entrepreneur. This research identifies a set of evaluating criteria within five categories: facility, technical and human resource, business administrative, knowledge source, and organization infrastructure based on extensive literature review and interview with industry experts. ELECTRE I, a multiple criteria decision making method is applied to evaluate incubators. The results provide an efficient and effective method for selecting an appropriate incubator for SME entrepreneur.

ERP¡]Enterprise Resource Planning¡^comes from manufacturing industry at first. When the times develope, it hasn¡¦t the only patent in manufacturing industry. It changes the basic IS for all kinds of industries.In the past, the related topics for the researches of the the academic circle surrounded with the topics of ERP selecting and CSF. There are very fewer related researches for how to understand and how to select ERP consultant and Consultant Company.Because the academic and the industry circle recently understand the importance of consultant, consultant for ERP implementing is the success and failure role. Base on these reasons, those cause this research to discuss the topic of ERP consultant and Consultant Company. The purpose of this research is arranging and analysising the crieteria of selecting consultant and Consutant Company by collecting records¡Bexpert interviews and questionnaire. The research uses case studey to help for the case enterprise to select the most suitable ERP consultant by ELECTRE I and provides the rational decision structure and basis for the companies that want to implement ERP. At last , the case has selected JDE from the three consultant companies of Oracle¡BJDE and Proyoung. The result of this research mainly provides feasibility evaluation model. When company considers which consultant and Consultant Company to select, he can refer this crieteria and importance from this research. The company also finds the most suitable Consultant Company by using the methods and procedures from this research.

As e-Learning has become an important trend for the training system of modern enterprises, there are many kinds of e-Learning system offered by different consulting companies with different specialties in Taiwan. To construct the best system, the enterprise must first find the real application in order to choose the optimum. The study, based on the purposes of enterprise requirement, tried to develop the methodology by using Multi-criteria Decision Making to help managers, the decision makers to evaluate an appropriate e-Learning project with a successful example of one famous ¡§steel corporation¡¨ in their evaluation by this method. From our study, the foresight in planning e-Learning system with prudent evaluation by taking the enterprise¡¦s present situation, his real needs and the evaluation model of decision making into account can avoid the prejudice of decision makers and the excessive propaganda of consulting company which might result in an inapplicable project. To the very enterprise that tries to construct his e-Learning System effectively, the methodology of Multi-criteria Decision Making provides the sequence of system selection and references for evaluation of system construction.

In this e-commerce era, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has been viewed as the entering cost for conducting the business and establishing contact with others. ERP system is very expensive and enormous complex package software, and applies the best business practice with partial adjustment and integration to suit for the operation of different enterprises. But due to the characteristics of high investement, high complexity and high risk of failure of ERP systems, misfits have been one of important issues for the implementation of ERP systems. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate ERP system has become the key factor leading to the eventual success of an ERP system implementation. And we select an appropriate ERP system by studing a case that uses ELECTRE I as evaluating tool. This paper first identifies a set of evaluating criteria based on the extensive literature review and the considerat5ion of the environment and characteristics of ERP systems. Once the list was generated, an iterative process of personal interview with the consultant, suppliers, users and managers was conducted to modify the evaluating criteria in order to insure the integrity of it. The result of this study is not only can contribute to the understanding of the functionalities of an ERP system, but also can provide a practical guideline for the selection of an ERP system.

In the energy field, the decisions need to take into consideration several factors such as the needs of the population, the environment, suitability, capital cost, sustainability, political goals and the actors involved, with their interests and preferences. The lack of homogeneity in all the factors that must be consider makes it necessary to design a process that guides the analysis process of any type of decision-maker. Decision analysis methods have been developed to aid decision-makers identify a problem, determine the criteria to be consider and their importance, recognize the stakeholders that need to be involved and pose the different alternatives to resolve or to best address the problem. These techniques range from simple to more mathematically oriented ones, from single criterion evaluation to multiple criteria, and from purely qualitative or quantitative to mixed techniques. Within the field of decision analysis, multi-criteria techniques are better suited to aid in decision situations in the energy field as these decisions require several considerations beside economic ones. This thesis uses theories and notions of decision analysis to construct a framework to be used in any energy related decision situations by non-experts. The framework tackles common challenges faced by multi-criteria decision analysis methods, including the identification of stakeholders and decision-makers, the aggregation of various decision-makers, preferences and heterogeneous inputs, and the selection of suitable criteria, alternatives and methods.

Along with the rapid expansion of information technology and the urgent demand of Decision Support System, only in a few years, data warehouse have been converting absolute theory into practical technology. More and more enterprises have been plunging into the data warehouse system for supporting business process and decision. Data warehouse system does transfer big data of enterprise to useful resource or information and will not impact current history data. The data warehouse depends on enterprise various demands and plays the role of Decision Support System. It is the reason that enterprise pays attention and positive investment. This paper identifies as a set of evaluating criteria on the literature review and consults the expert to decide vendor level, design the questionnaire and retrieve weight. At last the paper uses the real case evaluating data warehouse system by ELECTRE I. The result of this study can not only contribute to the understanding of functionalities of a data warehouse system but can provide a practical guideline for selection of a data warehouse system.

The use of goal programming in various real-world areas - including resource allocation, engineering, agriculture and other applications - has increased a lot in the past few years. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate goal programming approaches in determining prices. Various aspects of price determination - such as cosls, existing prices, competitors' prices, volume change due to price change and other aspects are incorporated in the model in order to suggest reasonable and realistic prices. Taking just these factors into account will not completely solve the problem, as there are usually certain goals that the decision maker would like to achieve. For example, the decision maker would probably like to attain an acceptable pre-specified minimum profit level without adjusting current prices too much whilst keeping prices competitive to insure that customers are not lost in the process of change. In this study, a goal programming model is developed for the determining of products' prices with consideration of these goals. The model makes provision for the change in demand due to the change in prices. / Mini-dissertation (M.Com. (Computer Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

The use of goal programming in various real-world areas - including resource allocation, engineering, agriculture and other applications - has increased a lot in the past few years. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate goal programming approaches in determining prices. Various aspects of price determination - such as cosls, existing prices, competitors' prices, volume change due to price change and other aspects are incorporated in the model in order to suggest reasonable and realistic prices. Taking just these factors into account will not completely solve the problem, as there are usually certain goals that the decision maker would like to achieve. For example, the decision maker would probably like to attain an acceptable pre-specified minimum profit level without adjusting current prices too much whilst keeping prices competitive to insure that customers are not lost in the process of change. In this study, a goal programming model is developed for the determining of products' prices with consideration of these goals. The model makes provision for the change in demand due to the change in prices. / Mini-dissertation (M.Com. (Computer Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Telecommunications infrastructure is recognised as the fundamental factor for economic and social development for it is the platform of communication and transaction within and beyond geographical boundaries. It is a necessity for social benefits, growth, connection and competition, more in the rural communities in developing countries. Its acquisition entails great investment, considering the emergence of various technologies and thereby making the selection a critical task. The research described in this thesis is concerned with a comprehensive examination and analytical procedures on the selection of technologies, for rural telecommunications infrastructure. A structured systematic approach is deemed necessary to reduce the time and effort in the decision-making process. A literature review was carried out to explore the knowledge in the areas of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approaches, with particular focus on the analytical decision processes. The findings indicate that, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)/AnalyticNetwork Process (ANP) are powerful decision methods capable of modelling such acomplex problem. Primarily, an AHP model is formulated, however, since the problem at hand involves many interactions and dependencies, a more holistic method is required to overcome its shortcomings by allowing for dependencies and feedback within the structure. Hence, the ANP is adopted and its network is established to represent the problem, making way to telecommunications experts to provide their judgements on the elements within the structure. The data collected are used to estimate the relative influence from which the overall synthesise is derived, forming a general ANP model for such a rural telecommunications selection problem. To provide a more wide-ranging investigation regarding selecting a potential rural telecommunications infrastructure, another systematic analysis that utilises a BOCR-based (Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks) ANP was conducted. The obtained results indicate that Microwave technology is the most preferred alternative within the context of the developing countries. Sensitivity analysis was performed to show robustness of the obtained results. This framework provides the structure and the flexibility required for such decisions. It enables decision makers to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the problem, by comparing several technology options, with respect to appropriate gauge for judgement. Moreover, using the ANP, the criteria for such a technology selection task were clearly identified and the problem was structured systematically. A case study was carried out in Libya involving its main telecommunications infrastructure provider to demonstrate how such rural technology selection decisions can be made within a specific developing country's rural area. Based on the results of this case study that were in agreement with the focus group's expectations, it can be concluded that the application of the ANP in the selection of telecommunications technology, is indeed beneficial. In addition, it is believed that telecommunications planners could, by the use of data pertaining to another rural area, utilise the developed model to propose appropriate solutions. If new criteria and/or alternatives emerge to satisfy changing business needs, they can also be included in the ANP model.

Ingeniera Civil Industrial / El presente estudio tiene por objetivo desarrollar e implementar una metodología de priorización de infraestructura hidráulica de riego, de forma que los proyectos de embalses sean estudiados y evaluados en su contexto. Para la elaboración de la herramienta de priorización, se utilizó el método MCDM, el cual corresponde a un enfoque que permite comparar alternativas en base a múltiples atributos y características. Entre los métodos estudiados, se optó por la metodología AHP para determinar los ponderadores, ya que permite incluir, de forma simultánea, características cuantitativas y cualitativas dentro de un mismo modelo. Se desarrolló un modelo con 5 niveles de criterios y subcriterios. En el primer nivel se especifica el objetivo del estudio. En el segundo nivel jerárquico, se consideran los criterios macro, los cuales corresponden a factores de desarrollo y estratégicos. Los criterios de desarrollo están asociados directamente con las características de los proyectos en sí y los criterios estratégicos corresponden a aspectos políticos y administrativos. En el tercer nivel se identifican los factores económico, social y ambiental. El subcriterio económico busca medir las rentabilidades y riesgos del modelo, el subcriterio social incluye los impactos que este tipo de obras tienen sobre las comunidades y el subcriterio ambiental buscar medir el impacto que tienen los embalses en el territorio donde estos se localizan. Este modelo fue aplicado en cuatro proyectos de embalses, a través del cual se obtuvo un Índice Multi-Criterio (IMC), donde a mayor IMC, mayor prioridad tiene el proyecto. Los resultados obtenidos son: en primer lugar el Embalse A, seguido del Embalse C, luego se encuentra el Embalse B y, en último lugar se encuentra el Embalse D. Los resultados muestran que los métodos multicriterio de priorización permiten incluir características cualitativas y cuantitativas de forma simultánea en un modelo. Sin embargo, es necesario perfeccionar este tipo de metodologías en aspectos tales como la selección de criterios, subcriterios e indicadores, de forma que los proyectos de embalses no sean sub o sobre valorados. Adicional a esto, para la correcta aplicación de la metodología multicriterio, es necesario disponer de información actualizada tanto de los proyectos, como de las comunidades y territorio donde estos se localizan.