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Ce mémoire présente la conception de différents systèmes antennaires miniatures devant fonctionner dans des conditions environnementales et climatiques sévères, mais également capables d’opérer dans plusieurs bandes de fréquence ISM et plusieurs standards de communications mobiles. Ce système antennaire dédié infine à l’intégration dans les modules TRAX-BOX développés par la société TRAXENS, doit satisfaire différents critères techniques, industriels et économiques, définis par leur application finale qui est le suivi de conteneurs métalliques multimodaux de grandes dimensions. Pour cela, le système doit présenter un fonctionnement multibande et large bande, un diagramme de rayonnement omnidirectionnel, une bonne efficacité, un encombrement réduit permettant une intégration simple et efficace dans son boîtier, une rigidité mécanique permettant au système d’être protégé contre les vibrations et les chocs, une large plage de températures de fonctionnement et un faible coût de fabrication. Ces exigences techniques et industrielles sont souvent difficiles à satisfaire simultanément. Pour ce faire, plusieurs techniques de conception de systèmes multi-antennaires multibandes ont été employées. L’insertion de fentes sur les résonateurs et la juxtaposition d’éléments parasites a tout d’abord permis d’élargir la bande des antennes. En ce qui concerne l’isolation mutuelle des antennes, l’insertion de fentes sur le plan de masse, est l’une des techniques qui permettent d’isoler les antennes. / This thesis presents the design of different small antenna systems, operating in harsh environmental and climatic conditions, but also be able to operate in several ISM frequency bands and several mobile communication standards. This antenna system designed to be integrated in the TRAXBOX modules developed by TRAXENS, must meet various technical, industrial and economic criteria, defined by their final application which is the monitoring of multimodal metallic containers. To this end, the system must provide a multiband and wideband operations, an omnidirectional radiation pattern, a good efficiency, a reduced size allowing an easy and efficient integration into its housing, mechanical rigidity allowing the system to be protected against vibrations and shocks, a wide operating temperature range and low manufacturing cost. These technical and manufacturing requirements are often difficult to simultaneously satisfy. To do this, several design techniques of multiband multi-antenna systems have been employed. The use of slots and parasitic elements has first allowed widening the antennas bands. Regarding the mutual isolation of the antennas, the insertion of slots on the ground plane is one of the techniques that improve the antennas isolation. However, in this manuscript, we have mainly focused on the optimal layout of the parasitic resonators to simultaneously increase the bandwidth but also optimize the system efficiency and the isolation between antennas after interpretation of the various physical phenomena observed.

Le travail présenté traite la question quelle architecture hybride est la plus adapté pour quel type de véhicule. Une approche multi-architecture/multi-application capable d’identifier l’architecture hybride plus efficace en énergie qui considère à la fois les components clés (batterie, moteur électrique, moteur à combustion interne) et la commande optimale, est présenté. La base de cette modélisation est la représentation énergétique macroscopique (REM), qui est combiné avec la programmation orienté objet (POO) afin d’améliorer la modularité et la réutilisation. Les résultats obtenus montrent que des architectures hybrides différents sont le plus adaptés pour différentes applications. De plus, la robustesse des résultats en utilisant des approches de contrôle en temps réel sont étudiés, montrant l’importance de la stratégie de commande. Les résultats obtenus contribuent à la simplification et l’harmonisation de la conception des solutions hybrides pour des applications multiples. / The presented work deals with the question which hybrid architecture is most adapted for which type of vehicle. Therefore, a multi-architecture/multi-application approach capable to identify the most energy efficient hybrid architecture considering both the dimensions of key components (battery, electric motor, internal combustion engine) and the optimal control is presented. Basis of the model is the energetic macroscopic representation (EMR), which has been combined with object oriented programming (OOP) in order to enhance its modularity and reuse capabilities. The obtained results show, that different hybrid architectures are most adapted for different applications. Moreover, the robustness of the results using real time control algorithms are studied, showing that control strategy matters. The obtained results contribute to simplify and harmonize the design of hybrid solutions for multiple applications.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / For the last 30 years Magnetic Tape Systems have been the primary means of recording data from airborne instrumentation systems. Increasing data rates and harsh environmental requirements have often exceeded the ability of tape-based systems to keep pace with technology. Throughout this time data recordings have been made mostly with analog longitudinal systems and most recently with digital recording systems that record on commercial DLT, and super VHS tape media. The recordings are played back with the same type of tape device allowing for the data to be processed and/or archived. Since not all data reduction facilities can process the same type of tape media, often tapes are dubbed from one type of tape media format to another, corrupting the translated data. This paper examines operational and data reduction benefits, and life cycle cost of Solid State Recorders as a replacement for existing airborne tape recorders.