Chow Man Yin Teresa. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2007-2008, design report." / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1.0 --- Abstract / Chapter 2.0 --- Thesis Statement / Chapter 3.0 --- Background / Chapter 3.1 --- Urban Redevelopment in Hong Kong / Chapter 3.2 --- Redevelopment Projects on Site / Chapter 4.0 --- Purpose and Methodology / Chapter 5.0 --- Definition of Heritage / Chapter 6.0 --- Heritage on site / Chapter 6.1 --- Tangible Heritage / Chapter 6.2 --- Intangible Heritage / Chapter 7.0 --- Other Site Studies / Chapter 8.0 --- "Case Studies - Cities of Artificial Excavation, Peter Eisenman" / Chapter 8.1 --- University Art Museum of the California State / Chapter 8.2 --- International Building Exhibition Berlin / Chapter 9.0 --- Study of Layering / Chapter 9.1 --- Layering of the new and old development / Chapter 9.2 --- Layering of the past and future / Chapter 9.3 --- Perceptiom of Time / Chapter 9.4 --- Timeline Study / Chapter 10.0 --- Design / Chapter 10.1 --- Design Objectives / Chapter 10.2 --- Design Stage 1 / Chapter 10.3 --- Design Stage 2 / Chapter 10.4 --- Final Design - Concepts and Strategies / Chapter 11.0 --- Presentation / Chapter 11.1 --- Master Plan / Chapter 11.2 --- Overall Plans / Chapter 11.3 --- Sections / Chapter 11.4 --- Collages and Models / Chapter 12.0 --- Bibliography

Wong Chak Yuen, Edmond. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2009-2010, design report." / "May 2010." / Includes bibliographical references. / Text in English with some Chinese. / Chapter 0.0 --- TABLE OF CONTENT / Chapter 01 --- Defining Thesis / Chapter 1.0 --- Thesis Abstract / Chapter 02 --- Methodology / Chapter 2.0 --- Typological Revolution / Chapter 03 --- Catalysis for Mutation of Type / Chapter 3.1 --- Crave for New Density under ripid urbanization / Chapter 3.11 --- Urbanization Rate of China / Chapter 3.12 --- Economical Benefit of Rapid Urbanization / Chapter 3.13 --- Consequences of Rapid Urbanization / Chapter 3.14 --- Distorted Sustainability in China / Chapter 3.15 --- Social Costs / Chapter 3.16 --- Environmental Cost / Chapter 3.2 --- Loss of arable lands and its impacts / Chapter 3.21 --- National Food Crisis / Chapter 3.22 --- Increasing Population / Chapter 3.23 --- Disappearing Cultivated Land / Chapter 3.24 --- Food Crisis of Guangdong Province / Chapter 3.3 --- Tabula Rasa Development With Monotypes / Chapter 3.4 --- Displacement of Farmland by Urban Sprawl / Chapter 04 --- Resist The Generic / Chapter 4.1 --- Strong Crave for New Density in Shansan under Guangzhou-Foshan Intergration Policy / Chapter 4.2 --- Resit Monotonic &Tabula Rasa Urbanization Shansan / Chapter 4.3 --- Programme Rearrangements / Chapter 4.4 --- Symbiosis Of City And Village / Chapter 4.5 --- Phasing of Urbanization / Chapter 4.6 --- Schematic Sectoin / Chapter 05 --- Typological Mutation / Chapter 5.1 --- Typological Mutation -Inverted Tower Type As Farmland Saver And New Density Generator / Chapter 06 --- Typological Analysis / Chapter 6.1 --- Typological Analysis Of Inverted Towers In History / Chapter 6.2 --- Critique of Of Inverted Towers In History / Chapter 07 --- Typological Differentiation Of Shansan Inverted / Chapter 7.11 --- Typological Differentiation-Marco parametres / Chapter 7.12 --- Typological Differentiation-In-between parametres / Chapter 7.13 --- Typological Differentiation- Mirco Parametres / Chapter 7.21 --- Grasshoppper Scripting-Circular Type / Chapter 7.22 --- Variations of Structure- CircularType / Chapter 7.23 --- Structural Model- CircularType 1:100 / Chapter 7.24 --- Variations of Plans-CircularType / Chapter 7.31 --- Grasshoppper Scripting-3 Branches Type / Chapter 7.32 --- Variations of Structure- 3 Branches Type / Chapter 7.33 --- Structural Model- 3 Branches Type 1:100 / Chapter 08 --- Structural System- Branching To Generate Density / Chapter 8.1 --- Branching To Generate Density / Chapter 8.2 --- Clustering to Reinforce Stablility / Chapter 8.3 --- Rapid Prototyping Model- cluster of circular 1:500 / Chapter 09 --- Formation Of Network & Reduction Of Number Of Footings / Chapter 10 --- Site Responsive Transformation Of City Fabric / Chapter 10.11 --- Site Selection / Chapter 10.12 --- Villages in the Shansan / Chapter 10.2 --- Parametric Transformation / Chapter 10.3 --- Phasing of Urbanization / Chapter 10.4 --- Proliferations Of Fabric To Nearby Villages / Chapter 11 --- "Site Responsive, Multilevel And Diverse Programmes" / Chapter 11.1 --- Site plan showing the minimum no. of footings / Chapter 11.2 --- Sections Showing The Multi-Level Programmes / Chapter 11.3 --- Floor Plans Of Phase I Massing / Chapter 11.4 --- Overall Massing 1:1000 / Chapter 11.5 --- Symbiosis Of Existing Village & New City / Chapter 11.6 --- Part Plan Of 7F- Main Street & Mixed Use Of Programmes / Chapter 11.7 --- A City Network In The Air / Chapter 11.8 --- Partial Model 1:200 / Chapter 13 --- Case Studies / Chapter 12.11 --- Good Density- Kowloon Wall City / Chapter 12.12 --- Good Density- Silodam / Chapter 12.21 --- Typological Transformation- Perforated Hill by KelvinC hu Ka Wing / Chapter 12.31 --- Structural Sysytem-WaterCube by PTW / Chapter 12.32 --- Structural Sysytem- Grotto by Aranda/Lasch / Chapter 12.4 --- Phenomenon In Houseing / Chapter 12.5 --- Open Building System / Chapter 14 --- Bibliography

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2009. / "April 24, 2009." Includes bibliographical references (p. 158-159).

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2004. / "23 April 2004". Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-134).

Creating a quality courtyard on par with filling a vacant site on Kříźová street.

Thesis (B.A.)--Bryn Mawr College. Growth and Structure of Cities Program, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (B. Arch.)--Roger Williams University, 2009. / Title from title page screen (viewed on Feb. 12, 2010) Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2007. / "30 April 2007". Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-185).

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2007. / "30 April 2007". Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-141).

In recent years, batch processes have been getting more attention due to their suitability for the production of small volume, high value added products. The flexibility of batch plants allows the production of different products within the same facility which mandates equipment sharing. Batch manufacturing is typically used in the pharmaceutical, polymer, food and specialty chemical industries as demands for such products are highly seasonal and are influenced by changing markets. Despite the advantage of batch plants being flexible, they also pose a challenging task to design, synthesize and operate, compared to their continuous counterparts. The profitability of these batch plants is highly dependent on the way the synthesis, design and operation is optimized. Since different types of resources (raw materials, equipment, utilities and manpower) need to be shared by a number of process operations to produce a variety of products, modeling and optimizing the design and operation of batch plants are important for economic benefits. The growing awareness of civil society for the environment and the resulting regulations introduced by national states have resulted in chemical industries considering process integration to reduce their energy and process water requirements. Energy optimization and the optimization of water use have mainly been treated as separate problems in literature. The batch production schedules resulting from each of these formulations do not guarantee that the plant is operated optimally. Consequently, it is required to develop a formulation that caters for opportunities that exist for both wastewater minimization and energy integration. This may result in production schedules that improve the operation of the batch plant when compared to optimizing water and energy separately. Presented in this thesis is a mathematical technique that addresses optimization of both water and energy, while simultaneously optimizing the batch process schedule. The scheduling framework used in this study is based on the formulation by Seid and Majozi (2012). This formulation has been shown to result in a significant reduction of computational time, an improvement of the objective function and leads to fewer time iii points required to solve the scheduling problem. The objective is to improve the profitability of the plant by minimizing wastewater generation and utility usage. From a case study it was found that through only applying water integration the total cost is reduced by 11.6%, by applying only energy integration the total cost is reduced by 29.1% and by applying both energy and water integration the total cost is reduced by 34.6%. This indicates that optimizing water and energy integration in the same scheduling framework will reduce the operating cost and environmental impact significantly. This thesis also presents a mathematical model for design and synthesis of batch plants. The conceptual design problem must determine the number and capacity of the major processing equipment items, pipe connections and storage tanks so as to meet production objectives at the lowest possible capital and operating cost. A recent robust scheduling model based on continuous-time representation is used as a platform for the synthesis and design problem. An improved objective value (revenue) of 228.6% is obtained by this work compared to the recent published models for the design and synthesis problem. Compared with other formulations, the formulation presented in this thesis gives a smaller size mathematical model that required less binary variables, continuous variables and constraints. The presented model also considers costs that arise from the pipe network and consequently, determines the optimal pipe network which should exist between different pieces of equipment. Finally, the medium-term scheduling problem for a multiproduct batch plant is addressed. The intractability of the short-term scheduling models when directly applied to the medium-term scheduling problems is solved by applying a decomposition method. The decomposition method has two level mathematical models. The first level determines the type of products and their amount to be produced in each scheduling subproblem to satisfy the market requirement. The second level determines the detailed sequencing of tasks for the tractable size of the subproblems. The recently published robust short-term scheduling model based on continuous time is extended for solving the scheduling supbroblems of the second level decomposition model. The model is applied in solving the medium-term scheduling problem of a pharmaceutical facility specializing in animal vaccines using the actual plant data. The model effectively solved a makespan minimization problem for the medium-term scheduling horizon of almost 13 weeks. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2013 / Chemical Engineering / unrestricted