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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Aplicações do método interação de configuraçäes ao estudo de espectroscopia eletrônica, fotoeletrônica e ressonância quadrupolar nuclear / Applications of Multireference Configuration Interaction Method to Electronic, Photoelectronic, and Nuclear Quadrupole Ressonance Spectroscopies

Borin, Antonio Carlos 10 December 1993 (has links)
Esta tese tem como objetivo central a descrição teórica rigorosa da estrutura, de propriedades e da espectroscopia de alguns sistemas diatômicos. Como abordagem de cálculo ela se serve da metodologia interação de configurações na sua forma conhecida como excitações simples e duplas a partir de um conjunto de múltiplas referências (MRSD-CI), além de conjuntos base relativamente extensos de funções Gaussianas Cartesianas contraídas. Ela propõe a existência de duas novas espécies moleculares, BeC e BeC+, para as quais um total de 20 estados eletrônicos (13 para o BeC e 7 para o BeC+) foram caracterizados através de suas curvas de potencial e de seus respectivos estados vibro-rotacionais. Constantes espectroscópicas para cada estado foram calculadas e os momentos elétricos das transições eletrônicas mais relevantes foram também estudados. Essas transições foram analisadas tanto em termos de probabilidades de transição calculadas via momento de transição como por meio de fatores de Franck-Condon. Transições vibro-rotacionais dentro de um mesmo estado eletrônico foram ainda examinadas. Para esses vários estados, tempos de vida radiativa foram também calculados. Complementando essa descrição espectroscópica, uma discussão sobre a natureza da ligação química nesses sistemas foi ainda apresentada. Conjugando os resultados obtidos para essas duas espécies, o espectro fotoeletrônico da molécula BeC foi simulado servindo-se da aproximação de Franck-Condon para estimar as intensidades das linhas de cada banda. Além de propriedades eletrônicas como o momento de dipolo, cálculos de gradiente de campo elétrico no átomo de berílio em função da distância internuclear foram também realizados com o propósito de fornecer dados teóricos confiáveis que permitam a determinação experimental do momento quadrupolar do núcleo de 9Be sobre o qual existe certa controvérsia na literatura. Tais cálculos, realizados para os sitemas BeH+ e BeC, além de incluirem o efeito da vibração molecular no gradiente de campo elétrico na forma de uma média vibracional, mostraram que a aproximação de Buckingham usada por alguns grupos não é apropriada para descrever tal efeito. / The aim of this thesis is to describe theoretically the structure, properties, and the spectroscopy of some diatomic species using the multirefence single and double excitations configuration interaction approach, and an extensive atomic basis set of contracted Cartesian Gaussian orbitals. Two new diatomic species are proposed, BeC and BeC+, for which twenty electronic states have been characterized (13 for BeC, and 7 for BeC+) by means of their potential energy curves and vibro-rotational states. Spectroscopic constants for both of them have been computed, as well as electric moments of the most relevant electronic transitions. The transitions have been described by using either transitions probabilities computed with the aid of the theoretical transition moment functions, or by Franck-Condon factors. Vibro-rotational transitions within the same electronic state have also been described. Radiative lifetimes have been computed for several states. Complementing the spectroscopic description, a descussion on the nature of the chemical bonding has also been presented. A combination of the results for the neutral and ionic species allowed the calculation of the vertical and adiabatic ionization potentials and the Franck-Condon distribution spectrum for transitions from the ground state of BeC to selected bound states of BeC+. Besides the electronic properties, as dipole moment, the electric field gradient at the 9Be nucleus has also been computed as a function of the internuclear distance with the purpose of providing reliable theoretical results to help in the spectroscopic determination of the nuclear quadrupole moment of 9Be, since the data reported to date do not seem to be so conclusive. This kind of analysis has been carried out for the species BeH+ and BeC. By taking into account the nuclear motion effects on the electric field gradient as an average over the vibrational wavefunction, it was possible to show that the commom practice of using the Buckingham\'s expression to compute such correction is not recornrnended.
2

Aplicações do método interação de configuraçäes ao estudo de espectroscopia eletrônica, fotoeletrônica e ressonância quadrupolar nuclear / Applications of Multireference Configuration Interaction Method to Electronic, Photoelectronic, and Nuclear Quadrupole Ressonance Spectroscopies

Antonio Carlos Borin 10 December 1993 (has links)
Esta tese tem como objetivo central a descrição teórica rigorosa da estrutura, de propriedades e da espectroscopia de alguns sistemas diatômicos. Como abordagem de cálculo ela se serve da metodologia interação de configurações na sua forma conhecida como excitações simples e duplas a partir de um conjunto de múltiplas referências (MRSD-CI), além de conjuntos base relativamente extensos de funções Gaussianas Cartesianas contraídas. Ela propõe a existência de duas novas espécies moleculares, BeC e BeC+, para as quais um total de 20 estados eletrônicos (13 para o BeC e 7 para o BeC+) foram caracterizados através de suas curvas de potencial e de seus respectivos estados vibro-rotacionais. Constantes espectroscópicas para cada estado foram calculadas e os momentos elétricos das transições eletrônicas mais relevantes foram também estudados. Essas transições foram analisadas tanto em termos de probabilidades de transição calculadas via momento de transição como por meio de fatores de Franck-Condon. Transições vibro-rotacionais dentro de um mesmo estado eletrônico foram ainda examinadas. Para esses vários estados, tempos de vida radiativa foram também calculados. Complementando essa descrição espectroscópica, uma discussão sobre a natureza da ligação química nesses sistemas foi ainda apresentada. Conjugando os resultados obtidos para essas duas espécies, o espectro fotoeletrônico da molécula BeC foi simulado servindo-se da aproximação de Franck-Condon para estimar as intensidades das linhas de cada banda. Além de propriedades eletrônicas como o momento de dipolo, cálculos de gradiente de campo elétrico no átomo de berílio em função da distância internuclear foram também realizados com o propósito de fornecer dados teóricos confiáveis que permitam a determinação experimental do momento quadrupolar do núcleo de 9Be sobre o qual existe certa controvérsia na literatura. Tais cálculos, realizados para os sitemas BeH+ e BeC, além de incluirem o efeito da vibração molecular no gradiente de campo elétrico na forma de uma média vibracional, mostraram que a aproximação de Buckingham usada por alguns grupos não é apropriada para descrever tal efeito. / The aim of this thesis is to describe theoretically the structure, properties, and the spectroscopy of some diatomic species using the multirefence single and double excitations configuration interaction approach, and an extensive atomic basis set of contracted Cartesian Gaussian orbitals. Two new diatomic species are proposed, BeC and BeC+, for which twenty electronic states have been characterized (13 for BeC, and 7 for BeC+) by means of their potential energy curves and vibro-rotational states. Spectroscopic constants for both of them have been computed, as well as electric moments of the most relevant electronic transitions. The transitions have been described by using either transitions probabilities computed with the aid of the theoretical transition moment functions, or by Franck-Condon factors. Vibro-rotational transitions within the same electronic state have also been described. Radiative lifetimes have been computed for several states. Complementing the spectroscopic description, a descussion on the nature of the chemical bonding has also been presented. A combination of the results for the neutral and ionic species allowed the calculation of the vertical and adiabatic ionization potentials and the Franck-Condon distribution spectrum for transitions from the ground state of BeC to selected bound states of BeC+. Besides the electronic properties, as dipole moment, the electric field gradient at the 9Be nucleus has also been computed as a function of the internuclear distance with the purpose of providing reliable theoretical results to help in the spectroscopic determination of the nuclear quadrupole moment of 9Be, since the data reported to date do not seem to be so conclusive. This kind of analysis has been carried out for the species BeH+ and BeC. By taking into account the nuclear motion effects on the electric field gradient as an average over the vibrational wavefunction, it was possible to show that the commom practice of using the Buckingham\'s expression to compute such correction is not recornrnended.
3

Étude théorique des molécules diatomiques BN, SiN et LaH, structure électronique et spectroscopie / Theoretical study of diatomic molecules BN, SiN and LaH, electronic structure and spectroscopy

Mahmoud, Salman 05 December 2014 (has links)
Une étude théorique ab initio des structures électroniques des molécules Diatomiques polaires BN, SiN et LaH dans la représentation 2s+1Λ(+/-)Ont été effectués par la méthode du champ auto-cohérent de l'espace Actif complet (CASSCF), suivie par l'interaction de la configuration multiréférence (MRSDCI). La correction de Davidson, notée (MRSDCI+ Q), a ensuite été appliquée pour rendre compte de clusters ou agrégats quadruples non liés. L'ensemble de l'espace de configuration de CASSCF a été utilisé comme référence dans le calcul MRCI, qui a été effectués en utilisant le programme de calcul de chimie physique MOLPRO et en tirant parti de l'interface graphique Gabedit. Quarante-deux de plus bas états électroniques dans la représentation 2s+1Λ(+/-)au-dessous de 95000 cm-1 ont été étudiés de la molécule BN. Alors que vingt-huit états électroniques dans les représentations 2s+1Λ(+/-) jusqu'à 70000 cm-1 de la molécule de SiN ont été étudiés. D'autre part, les vingt-quatre bas états électroniques de LaH dans les représentations 2s+1Λ(+/-) au-dessous de 70000 cm-1 ont été étudiées par deux méthodes différentes et en prenant en considération l'effet des spin-orbite de la molécule LaH et nous avons observé la division énergétique des huit états électroniques. Les courbes d'énergie potentielle ont été construites avec la fréquence co-harmonique ωe, la distance internucléaire de l'équilibre re, les constantes de rotation Be. L'énergie électronique par rapport à l'état fondamentale Te a été calculé pour les états électroniques considérés comme des BN, SiN et la molécule LaH respectivement. En utilisant l'approche des fonctions canoniques, les valeurs propres Ev, les constantes rotationnelles Bv, la constante de distorsion centrifuge Dv et les abscisses des points de retournement Rmin and Rmax ont été calculés pour les états électroniques au niveau de vibration v=51 pour LaH molécule. Dix-huit et neuf états électroniques ont été étudiées pour la molécule BN et SiN respectivement. Pour LaH, vingt-trois états électroniques de la molécule LaH et l'effet de spin-orbite de molécule LaH sont donnés ici pour la première fois. La comparaison avec les données expérimentales et théoriques pour la plupart des constantes calculées démontre une très bonne précision. Enfin, ces résultats devraient ainsi mener à des études expérimentales plus poussées pour ces molécules. Nos résultats ont été publiés dans le Canadian Journal of Chemistry, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, nous avons deux autres articles en préparation à soumettre. / In the present work a theoretical investigation of the lowest molecular states of BN, SiN and LaH molecule, in the representation 2s+1Λ(+/-), has been performed via complete active space self-consistent field method (CASSCF) followed by multireference single and double configuration interaction method (MRSDCI). The Davidson correction noted as (MRSDCI+Q) was then invoked in order to account for unlinked quadruple clusters. The entire CASSCF configuration space was used as a reference in the MRCI calculation which has been performed via the computational chemistry program MOLPRO and by taking advantage of the graphical user interface Gabedit. Forty-two singlet, triplet, and quintet lowest electronic states in the 2s+1Λ(+/-) representation below 95000 cm-1 have been investigated of the molecule BN. While twenty-eight electronic states in the representation2s+1Λ(+/-)up to 70000 cm-1 of the SiN molecule have been investigated.On the other hand the Twenty four low-lying electronic states of LaH in the representation 2s+1Λ(+/-) below 35000 cm-1 have been studied by two different methods and by taking into consideration the spin orbit effect of the molecule LaH we give in the energy splitting of the eight electronic states. The potential energy curves (PECs) together with the harmonic frequency ωe, the equilibrium internuclear distance re, the rotational constants Be and the electronic energy with respect to the ground state Te have been calculated for the considered electronic states of BN, SiN and LaH molecule respectively. Using the canonical functions approach, the eigenvalues Ev, the rotational constants Bv ,the centrifugal distortion constants Dv and the abscissas of the turning points Rmin and Rmax have been calculated for electronic states up to the vibrational level v =51 for LaH molecule.Eighteen and Nine electronic states have been investigated here for the first time for the molecules of BN and SiN respectively, while for LaH, news results are performed for twenty three electronic states of LaH molecule and the spin-orbit effect of LaH molecule is given here for the first time. A comparison with experimental and theoretical data for most of the calculated constants demonstrated a very good accuracy. Finally, we expect that the results of our work should invoke further experimental investigations for these molecules. Our results have been published in Canadian journal of chemistry, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer and we have two other papers in preparation to submit.

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