Emission of positive muons (μ⁺) of low kinetic energy, with yield peaked at 5 to 20 electron volts and slowly decreasing to higher energy, has been observed by moderating a muon beam (p~28MeV/c, Δp/p~4%) with solid argon, krypton and xenon moderators. Emission at these energies is consistent with the muons escaping the target material still carrying part of their initial kinetic energy. The underlying cause of this enhancement of low energy positive muons is not determined. Variation of charge-exchange, elastic or inelastic collision cross sections with energy, resulting in an increased charged fraction or greater mean free path for muons at these energies, are possible causes. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Title page of the thesis missing. / Graduate

published_or_final_version / abstract / Physics / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Physics / Master / Master of Philosophy

Tam, Yiu Ho = 宇宙射線渺子及其引致中子的研究 / 譚耀豪. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-153). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Tam, Yiu Ho = Yu zhou she xian miao zi ji qi yin zhi zhong zi de yan jiu / Tan Yaohao.

Ngan, Sze Yuen = 渺子及其於香港仔隧道實驗室內的綜合研究 / 顏思遠. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-85). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Ngan, Sze Yuen = Miao zi ji qi yu Xianggangzi sui dao shi yan shi nei de zong he yan jiu / Yan Siyuan. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Cosmic Rays --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Muons --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Neutrino Oscillation --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Overview --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Detection Mechanism --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- The Aberdeen Tunnel Experiment --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Overview --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Muon Tracker --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Neutron Detector --- p.16 / Chapter 2 --- Underground Muons --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1 --- Muon Simulation in the Daya Bay Experiment --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Gaisser's Formula --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Digitization of the Geographical Profile --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Underground Muon Flux --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2 --- Muon Simulation in the Aberdeen Tunnel Experiment --- p.25 / Chapter 3 --- Muon Behaviors in the Aberdeen Tunnel Laboratory --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1 --- Preparation --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Definition of the Coordinate System --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Generation of Muon Events --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Muon Trajectory --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Muon Energy Dissipation --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2 --- Muon Detection by the ND --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Energy Deposition in Gd-LS --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Experimental Measurements and Comparison --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Energy Deposition in MO --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- ND Muon Rate --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Stopping Muons and Muon Decay --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3 --- Muon Detection by the Muon Tracker --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Selection of Top-Bottom Muons --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Selection of Muons which cut the Gd-LS Volume Diagonally --- p.49 / Chapter 4 --- Optimization of the Photomultiplier Tubes --- p.52 / Chapter 4.1 --- Photomultiplier Tube --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Earth Field Effect --- p.55 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- FINEMET Magnetic Shield on PMT --- p.56 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Magnetic Fields Measurement near the PMT Mount --- p.63 / Chapter 4.3 --- p-sec Region Ringing in PMT Signal --- p.65 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- The PMT Body and Simulated PMT Signal --- p.67 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- The Dummy Base --- p.69 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- High Voltage and the PMT Base Design --- p.71 / Chapter 5 --- Summary --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1 --- Underground Muon simulation --- p.81 / Chapter 5.2 --- Optimization of the PMTs in the Daya Bay Experiment --- p.82 / Bibliography --- p.84

Wong, Koon Kei Jackie = 香港仔地底實驗室中的宇宙渺子研究 / 黃冠棋. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-76). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Wong, Koon Kei Jackie = Xianggangzi di di shi yan shi zhong de yu zhou miao zi yan jiu / Huang Guanqi. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Neutrino Oscillation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Cosmic muons --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Propagation of cosmic muons --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3 --- Aberdeen Tunnel Experiment --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Detection principles of Muon Tracker --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Detection principles of Neutron Detector --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- The data acquisition (DAQ) and online monitoring system --- p.17 / Chapter 2 --- Study of Angular distribution of the Expected Muon Flux --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1 --- Determination of muon angular distribution detected by the muon tracker --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2 --- Spherical Harmonics Expansion of muon angular distribution --- p.29 / Chapter 3 --- Hardware Development of the Muon Tracker --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1 --- Front-end electronics board --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- The circuit of front-end daughter board --- p.37 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Test of the front-end daughter board --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Muon tracker PMT gain calibration --- p.45 / Chapter 4 --- Photomultiplier tubes (PMT) characterization --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1 --- Magnetic field test --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2 --- Nonlinearity test --- p.54 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Two-LED system --- p.54 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- LED and reference PMT system --- p.56 / Chapter 4.3 --- Optimization of waveform --- p.59 / Chapter 4.4 --- Comparison with Hamamatsu's recommended PMT bases --- p.65 / Chapter 5 --- Summary --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1 --- Calculations about muon angular distribution --- p.71 / Chapter 5.2 --- Front-end electronics tests and PMT measurements --- p.71 / Chapter 5.3 --- Outlook for the Aberdeen Tunnel Experiment --- p.72 / Bibliography --- p.74

Luk, Wing Hong Antony = 地底實驗室的渺子致中子本底研究 / 陸永康. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-77). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Luk, Wing Hong Antony = Di di shi yan shi de miao zi zhi zhong zi ben di yan jiu / Lu Yongkang. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Muons at Earth´ةs Surface --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Underground Muons --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Muon Intensity --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Muon Energy --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Muon-induced Neutrons --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Production of Neutrons from Muons --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- The Influence of Muon-induced Neutrons on Underground Experiments --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Aberdeen Tunnel Laboratory --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Geological Properties --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Detectors Description --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Detection Principles --- p.18 / Chapter 2 --- Simulation of Cosmic Muons for Aberdeen Tunnel Laboratory --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1 --- Muon Spectrum at Sea level --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2 --- Simulation of Muon Propagation through Rock --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3 --- Estimation of Expected Event Rate for the Muon Tracker --- p.28 / Chapter 3 --- Neutron Detector Simulation --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1 --- Simulation Parameters --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2 --- Energy Response --- p.35 / Chapter 3.3 --- Energy Resolution --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4 --- Neutron Drift Distance and Capture Efficiency --- p.40 / Chapter 3.5 --- Neutron Detection Efficiency --- p.42 / Chapter 3.6 --- Photons Arrival Time --- p.45 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Cobalt-60 Source --- p.45 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- LED --- p.47 / Chapter 4 --- Simulation of Muon-induced Neutron Background --- p.49 / Chapter 4.1 --- Review on Muon-induced Neutron Simulations --- p.50 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Methodology --- p.50 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Results in the Literature --- p.52 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Simulation of Muon-induced Neutrons in GdLS --- p.56 / Chapter 4.2 --- Full Monte Carlo Simulation of Expected Neutron Rate --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Simulation Details --- p.65 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Results --- p.65 / Chapter 4.3 --- Estimation of the Expected Neutron Rate using Parameterization from Monte Carlo Simulations --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Simulation Details --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Results --- p.69 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.71 / Chapter 5 --- Future Work --- p.72 / Chapter 5.1 --- Neutrons from Rock Radioactivity --- p.72 / Chapter 5.2 --- Muon-induced Neutrons from Rock --- p.73 / Chapter 5.3 --- Variation of Muon flux --- p.73 / Bibliography --- p.74

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1976.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1977.

The Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS) is a two detector long-baseline neutrino experiment designed to study the disappearance of muon neutrinos. MINOS will test the v[subscript mu] → v[subscript tau] oscillation hypothesis and measure precisely [Delta]m[superscript 2 subscript 23] and sin² 2[theta subscript 23] oscillation parameters. The source of neutrinos for MINOS experiment is Fermilab's Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beamline. The energy spectrum and the composition of the beam is measured at two locations, one close to the source and the other 735 km downstream in the Soudan Mine Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. The precision measurement of the oscillation parameters requires an accurate prediction of the neutrino flux at the Far Detector. This thesis discusses the calculation of the neutrino flux at the Far Detector and its uncertainties. A technique that uses the Near Detector data to constrain the uncertainties in the calculation of the flux is described. The data corresponding to an exposure of 2.5×1020 protons on the NuMI target is presented and an energy dependent disappearance pattern predicted by neutrino oscillation hypotheses is observed in the Far Detector data. The fit to MINOS data, for given exposure, yields the best fit values for [Delta]m[superscript 2 subscript 23] and sin² 2[theta subscript 23] to be (2.38[superscript +0.20, subscript -0.16] x 10⁻³eV²/c⁴ and 1.00[subscript -0.08], respectively. / text