Title: The use of compensatory exercises in sports training process Goals: The aim of this work was to verify the influence of compensatory exercises for treatment of muscle imbalance in a selected group of tennis players. Method: During the research we used Janda' s (2004) functional spine tests and muscle tests, that were applied to selected group of three tennis players. The set of compensatory exercises was designed on the basis of the results of the admission testing. The players were asked to follow this set of exercises with regularly for the period of three months. The selected individuals underwent output testing at the end of the exercise programme. We compared the results of the admission and output testing for the evaluation of the influence of the compensatory exercises of the musculo-skeletal system on the selected subjects. Results: The results that are presented in charts and graphs evaluate the influence of the compensatory ecercises of the musculo-skeletal system on the selected subjects. The results prove that due to regular performance of compensatory exercises we can expect a reduction of muscle shortening and weakening. The muscle shortening in knee flexors and strengthening of the blade muscles occurred at the first of three selected subjects. The second subject' s measured...

Title: Efect of compensatory exercises on female floorball players - category women, Czech top league Objectives: Diagnose muscles with a tendency to shorten and weaken and take the basic anthropometric parameters of female floorball players. Build a stack of exercises focusing on problem areas that are not difficult to perform and don't require correction of another person. Methods: A case study in which we watched the female floorball players aged 18-32 years. Diagnose of shortened and weakened muscles was performed according to Janda muscle function test, method pretest - posttest. The measured values from pretest were compared with posttest values. In the meantime the intervention program (form of compensatory exercises) was applied on female floorball players. Results: 70% of the players were identified estimated muscle imbalances that arise from the nature of this sport. It has been shown that two months of exercise can positively affect shortened and weakened muscle. The change of the degree of "short" to "unshorted" occurred in 41% of muscles. Key words: floorball, compensatory exercises, muscle imbalance

The aim of my diploma thesis is to find out and influence positively with the help of some compensative exercises posture, flexibility and muscular unbalance among swimmers from the Swimming club in Jindřichův Hradec. Experimental research was divided into two measurements between which half of the swimmers did the compensative excercises. The input and output measurements corresponded with their content and evaluated posture, flexibility and swimmers'muscular strength. Standard tests were used for testing and evaluation. Posture was evaluated with the help of plumb line and standing on two bathroom scales. Flexibility was evaluated by standardized tests of movability according to Měkota, Thomayer and Otta tests. Muscular shortening was tested according to Janda. Standing jump, pull-ups, or rather staying power in pull-up and press-up staying power in a kneeling position were used to compare muscular strength. Key words: compensative exercises, swimming, posture, muscular unbalance

The task of this thesis was an examination of posture of ice-hockey players which are regolary playing for all categories in the club of HC České Budějovice. Subsequently, there was developed a compensatory program and this program was integrated into their training program. In conclusion of the compensatory program there was necesary to realize the same examination as the entrance examination.

Title: Compensation of muscle asymmetries in cross-country skiers Objectives: The goal was to assemble methodological material, that is focused on muscle imbalances in cross-country skiers. Which is based on review of found materials and results gained from author's bachleor's thesis. Tasks: The task was a review of Czech and foreign literature followed by explanation of terms compensation exercise and muscle imbalances. Next task was assembling of methodological material, that is focused on muscle imbalances in cross-country skiers. Methods: Method used was comparative analysis of found materials reffering to the topic of muscle imbalances in cross-country skiers. Results: On the basis of review of found literature and results gained from author's bachleor's thesis was made a methodological tool - stack of compensation exercises for cross-country skiers. Keywords: cross-country skiing, muscle imbalance, compensatory exercise

Title: Assessment of muscle imbalances in handball players Objectives: The main aim of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of muscle imbalances in the handball players of the first - league team of woman by means of the kinesiological analysis and segmental analysis from the BIA method. Methods: In modified kinesiological analysis, we focused on assessing posture and examining shortened muscles. To segmental analysis by the BIA method, we used the Tanita MC - 980 apparatus, where we first assessed the asymmetry in the distribution of muscle mass on individual body segments. Results: In 80 % of the total, the upper cross syndrome was recorded. Lower cross syndrome was found in 67 % of the players. The results of segmental muscle mass analysis using BIA showed a statistically insignificant difference (p > 0.05) in the distribution of muscle mass in the upper limbs (average difference of 0.05 kg) and a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the distribution of muscle mass at the lower of the limbs (average difference of 0.11 kg). The following significant correlations were found for the whole population (n = 15): m. Iliopsoas right and the amount of muscle mass (BIA) on right upper limb (r = 0.549), iliopsoas on the right and the amount of muscle mass (BIA) on left upper limb (r =...

Title: Evaluation of actual state of children locomotor system for students of primary school. Objectives: Determine the current satus of locomotor system of children of primary school age by assessing a body posture of chosen sample of children and create compensation exercises for school and after-school physical education moments. Methods: We used the method of aspection in which we were watching deviations in body posture of different parts of body and their mutual position in sagittal and lateral view with using the test of Jaroš and Lomíček, Klein and Thomas. Results: We found out that within the chosen sample more than half participants have a correct body posture. Nevertheless, 48,5 % of participants have defective body posture. Weakening occurred primarily in the abdominal area and pelvis, in the back curve and when looking from behind a lot of participants have left to stand shoulder blades. Keywords: physical education moment, poor body posture, muscle imbalance, compensatory exercises.

Title: The Occurrence of Lower Crossed Syndrome in Sprinters and the Possibilities of Influencing it in Physiotherapy Objectives: To determine the prevalence of lower crossed syndrome in specific group of sprinters and compare it with control group. To compare occurrence especially in men and women in sprint. Methods: To obtain informations from the research were used clinical tests- muscle test by Janda for testing muscle strength of m. rectus abdominis (trunk flexion test), m. gluteus maximus (test of extension in hip with contemporary flexion in knee), m. gluteus medius et minimus (test of abduction in the hip joint) and examination of frequently shortened muscle groups by Janda for examination shortening of the hip flexor muscles (m. iliopsoas, m. rectus femoris and m. tensor fascia latae) m. quadratus lumborum- lateral variant and paravertebral back muscles. To select probands into research and control groups was created nonstandard questionnaire with open and closed questions. In the research there were 40 probands. Results: The results show that the lower crossed syndrome by Janda is more common in sports recreationally individuals than sprinters. Furthermore the lower crossed syndrome by Janda is more common in sprinters- men than in sprinters- women, but here the results are not so clear....

The objective of this thesis is to examine the presence of the poor posture or the muscle imbalances at younger school-age children. Children do actively sports in a ski club for a long time; they also have a year training plan. Stationary functions and muscle activity in physiological position were investigated by physiotherapist who indicated some poor posture and muscle imbalances. On the basis of that examination there were recommended some compensatory exercises that can help to adjust or to eliminate detected imbalances. Recommended exercises became a part of the club training program, but the main part was practiced at home. According to the entrance and final examination of the participants we can assess the positive influence of the compensatory exercises to muscle imbalances and the children musculoskeletal system. Considering the results of the thesis we are able to proclaim that the long-term exercises can completely eliminate muscle imbalances. The contribution of this thesis has an irreplaceable importance for the work with children in the ski club.

Masters of Science - Msc (Physiotherapy) / Extrinsic factors like terrain, hard running surfaces or incorrect shoes have been known to be contributing factors to injury, and intrinsic factors such as poor flexibility, mal-alignment anthropometry, previous injury and running experience have been identified in playing a role too. Little is known about the factors associated with injuries among marathon runners in Eldoret, Kenya. It is therefore important to identify the possible risk factors associated with running injuries in order to prevent further injury and severe long-term complications