This thesis project presents the T-Sticks, a new family of digital musical instruments (DMIs). Most DMIs are either entirely unique interfaces, or exist as design iterations in which each incarnation is intended to improve on the last. The T-Sticks are instead intended to form a complementary group or consort which may be performed ensemble and also performed individually in solo pieces or works for mixed instrumentation. Each of the T-Sticks is based on the same general structure and sensing platform, but each also differs from its siblings in size, weight, timbre and register. / This document explores some of the issues challenging and motivating the field of DMI design and performance, and describes the motivations behind the T-Stick project in this context. Several existing DMIs are examined for similarities to the T-Stick and compared in terms of design intention, implementation, and usage. The hardware and software designed and built for this project is presented, along with insights gained through collaboration with performers and composers in the context of McGill University's Digital Orchestra project. The performers in question have collectively practiced and performed with the T-Stick for hundreds of hours in the lab, practice room, and on the concert stage. The consort of T-Sticks will be featured as an ensemble in a piece to be performed during the 2008 MusiMarch festival in Montreal.

This thesis evaluates the Lightning II and the Radio Baton gestural controllers for musical applications within two main perspectives. The first involves a technical specification of each in terms of their construction and sensing technology. This step, along with an analysis of the insights by long-term users on the controllers in question, provides an understanding about the different musical contexts each controllers can be and have been used in. The second perspective involves studying the Radio Baton and the Lightning within a specific musical context, namely that of a simulated acoustic percussion instrument performance. Three expert percussionists performed basic percussion techniques on a real drum, a drum-like gestural controller (the Roland V-Drum), the Radio Baton and the Lightning II. The motion capture and audio data from these trials suggest that certain acoustic percussion playing techniques can be successfully transferred over to gestural controllers. This comparative analysis between gestural controllers adds to the ongoing discussion on the evaluation of digital musical instruments and their relationship to acoustic instruments.

Thesis (Master of Arts in Multimedia)--California State University, East Bay. / "June 2007."

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder School of Music, 2004.

Thesis (MMus) - University of Glasgow, 2007. / MMus. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, Department of Music, University of Glasgow, 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Zugl.: Osnabrück, Univ., Diss., 2005

Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Delaware, 2008. / Principal faculty advisor: Chrystalla Mouza, School of Education. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 350-363). Also available in print.

Data-driven sequence models have long played a role in the analysis and generation of musical information. Such models are of interest in computational musicology, computer-aided music composition, and tools for music education among other applications. This dissertation beginswith an experiment tomodel sequences of musical pitch in melodies with a class of purely data-driven predictive models collectively known as Connectionist models. It was demonstrated that a set of six such models could performon par with, or better than state-of-the-art n-gram models previously evaluated in an identical setting. A new model known as the Recurrent Temporal Discriminative Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RTDRBM), was introduced in the process and found to outperform the rest of the models. A generalisation of this modelling task was also explored, and involved extending the set of musical features used as input by the models while still predicting pitch as before. The improvement in predictive performance which resulted from adding these new input features is encouraging for future work in this direction. Based on the above success of the RTDRBM, its application was extended to a non-musical sequence labelling task, namely Optical Character Recognition. This extension involved a modification to the model’s original prediction algorithm as a result of relaxing an assumption specific to the melody modelling task. The generalised model was evaluated on a benchmark dataset and compared against a set of 8 baseline models where it faired better than all of them. Furthermore, a theoretical extension to an existingmodel which was also employed in the above pitch prediction task - the Discriminative Restricted Boltzmann Machine (DRBM) - was proposed. This led to three new variants of the DRBM (which originally contained Logistic Sigmoid hidden layer activations), withHyperbolic Tangent, Binomial and Rectified Linear hidden layer activations respectively. The first two of these have been evaluated here on the benchmark MNIST dataset and shown to perform on par with the original DRBM.

This thesis presents the development of a software-based decoder design tool (DDT) for producing Ambisonic decoders optimised for playback over 5-speaker layouts. The research specifically focuses on developing decoders for irregular layouts with loudspeakers at a constant radial distance from the central listening position. It was motivated by the desire to provide better surround sound over the standard ITU 5-speaker layout for listeners in the sweet spot and off-centre positions. A wide-ranging literature review is presented revealing the need for such work. The DDT employs the Tabu Search algorithm to seek improved decoder parameters according to a multi-objective fitness function. The fitness function encapsulates criteria from psychoacoustic models as a set of objectives. In order to ensure the objectives were treated equally a method known as „range-removal‟ was used for the first time in Ambisonic decoder design. A companion technique termed „importance‟ allows the systematic prioritisation of range-removed objectives giving a designer control over desired decoder criteria. Additional elements exist in the DDT that can be turned on or off in different combinations. They include: a novel component for producing decoders with even performance by angle, a novel component for producing performance that correlates with the pattern of human spatial resolution estimated in previous Minimum Audible Angle experiments, and the ability to produce frequency dependent or independent decoders of different orders. Moreover, the user of the DDT can optimise performance for a single listener or multiple distributed listeners. To make the DDT as interactive as possible searches can optionally run on a High Performance Computer. This thesis also details the extensive testing of Ambisonic decoders for the ITU layout. Decoders have been assessed subjectively in listening tests and objectively using binaural measurements which has verified the methods developed in this research and the DDT‟s concept. Furthermore, decoders derived by the DDT have been compared to existing decoders and the results show they give equal or better performance. The development of a fully-functioning DDT which incorporates techniques for range-removal, importance, even performance by angle, minimum audible angle, off-centre listeners and their use in any combination represent the key outcomes of this work.