Prussian King, Frederick the Great was one of the most powerful rulers in Europe of the eighteenth century. He was not only an outstanding leader, but also an excellent flute player and music patron as well. The purpose of the study is to examine his contributions as a music patron, composer, and performer. The research focuses on his flute compositions and the musical environment that he created in Berlin. The thesis consists of four chapters, in addition to the introduction. Chapter one is an overview of the Prussian court and Frederick the Great. Chapter two discusses the musical patronage of Frederick the Great and musical activities at the court, including concerts, the enterprise of the Berlin opera house, and court musicians. Chapter three centers on detailed style analysis of King¡¦s flute compositions to which the significant musical characteristics are examined. The last chapter consists of the summary and conclusion. The enthusiasm of Frederick the Great for music based on his loving for flute playing. As a ruler for a nation, music patron, performer, and composer, the King was not only heightened the standard of musical culture for Prussia, but also created an important Berlin school for flute in the history of music. The musical characteristics of King¡¦s flute compositions present the transitional styles between the Baroque and Classical period, in which the refined structure of the flute instrument reflects its features. The compositions of the King provided a vast literature for flute repertoire in the eighteenth century.