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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Resist?ncia ? linezolida em estafilococos coagulase negativos resistentes ? meticilina provenientes de hospitais da cidade de Natal-RN

Cidral, Thiago Andr? 15 January 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-09-06T20:24:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoAndreCidral_DISSERT.pdf: 3578139 bytes, checksum: bcb8c85feab01e028e946691a0776a04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-06T23:31:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoAndreCidral_DISSERT.pdf: 3578139 bytes, checksum: bcb8c85feab01e028e946691a0776a04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T23:31:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoAndreCidral_DISSERT.pdf: 3578139 bytes, checksum: bcb8c85feab01e028e946691a0776a04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-15 / Os Estafilococos Coagulase Negativos (ECN) s?o microrganismos pertencentes ? microbiota normal da pele e de mucosas dos seres humanos e de animais. A maioria das infec??es causadas por ECN est?o relacionadas ao uso de dispositivos m?dicos invasivos que ao lesionar a integridade da pele servem de base para a forma??o de biofilmes, um importante fator de virul?ncia. Grande parte dos isolados de coagulase negativo s?o provenientes de hemoculturas e pontas de cateter e nos ?ltimos anos vem se tornando um grave problema no que diz respeito ? antibioticoterapia, em virtude do n?mero elevado de cepas multirresistentes descritas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar resist?ncia ? linezolida em estafilococos coagulase negativos resistentes ? meticilina isolados de ponta de cateter e hemocultura de hospitais p?blicos e privados da cidade do Natal. Os isolados bacterianos foram coletados a partir de demanda espont?nea em Hospitais P?blicos e Privados. O g?nero Staphylococcus foi confirmado atrav?s dos testes de rotina como colora??o de Gram, prova da catalase da coagulase livre. A identifica??o a n?vel de esp?cie foi realizada atrav?s de testes bioqu?micos convencionais. Algumas amostras tiveram sua identifica??o confirmada pelos sistemas VITEK 2 e MALDI-TOF. O perfil de resist?ncia aos antimicrobianos foi avaliado atrav?s da t?cnica de disco-difus?o (CLSI 2013). A Concentra??o Inibit?ria M?nima para vancomicina e linezolida foi determinada atrav?s do uso de E-test e a presen?a dos genes mecA e cfr foi confirmada pela t?cnica da Rea??o em Cadeia da Polimerase. Algumas amostras tiveram a regi?o V da subunidade 23S do gene do rRNA sequenciadas e analisadas. Posteriormente, as mesmas foram submetidas a t?cnica do PFGE para determina??o do seu pulsotipo. Dos 43 estafilococos coagulase negativos resistentes ? oxacilina inclu?dos neste estudo, 33 (77%) foram identificados como S. epidermidis, 6 (14%) como S. haemolyticus, 3 (7%) como S. homins e 1 (2%) como S. capitis. Os isolados de hemocultura representaram 86% (37) e os de ponta de cateter 14% (6). As amostras apresentaram um perfil de multirresist?ncia, uma vez que 42 dos 43 isolados apresentaram resist?ncia ? 4 ou mais classes de drogas. Todas apresentaram o gene mecA. Nenhuma amostra apresentou resist?ncia ? vancomicina. Tr?s cepas de S. hominis e duas de S. epidermidis, apresentaram resist?ncia ? linezolida com CIM variando entre 6 e 64 ?L/mL. Quando investigadas, apresentaram duas muta??es pontuais (C2190T e G2603T) na regi?o V do gene para rRNA 23S. Nenhuma destas apresentou o gene cfr. O PFGE dos S. hominis revelou a presen?a de um ?nico pulsotipo em 3 hospitais, enquanto n?o foi encontrado semelhan?a gen?tica entre os S. epidermidis. Estes achados destacam a import?ncia da vigil?ncia continuada em rela??o a resist?ncia a linezolida no g?nero Staphylococcus. / Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) belong to the normal microbiota of the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals. The most of the infections caused by CoNS are a serious problem, since an elevated number of multi-drug resistant strains. The objective of this study was to investigate resistance to linezolid in methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci isolates from hospitals in the city of Natal. Bacterial samples were collected from spontaneous demand from Public and Private Hospitals of the city of Natal-RN. The identification staphylococci of the species were conducted by conventional biochemical. Some Samples had the identification to the species level confirmed by automated methodologies VITEK 2? and VITEK MS?. The resistance profile was evaluated with use of the disk diffusion technique (CLSI, 2013). The MIC to vancomycin and linezolid were determined by using E-test method. The antimicrobial resistance profile was evaluated by disk diffusion technique (CLSI 2013). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration linezolid and vancomycin were determined by using E-test and the presence of the mecA gene and cfr was confirmed by the technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction. Some samples had the V region of the subunit 23S rRNA gene sequenced and subjected to PFGE technique for determining its pulsotype. Of the 43 coagulase negative staphylococci resistant to methicillin included in this study, 33 (77%) were identified as S. epidermidis, 6 (14%) as S. haemolyticus, 3 (7%) as S. homins and 1 (2%) as S. capitis. The catheter tip isolates accounted for 14% (6) and the blood culture 86% (37). Samples showed an alarming resistance profile, since 98% of the isolates were resistant to four or more class drugs. All were positive for mecA gene. No samples were resistant to vancomycin. Three S. hominis and two S. epidermidis exhibited linezolid resistance with MIC ranging from 6 to 64 ?L/mL. None of the samples had the cfr gene. When investigated, they showed two point mutations each (C2190T and G2603T) in the V region of the 23s rRNA gene. None of them was the cfr gene. The S.hominis of PFGE showed the presence of a single pulsotype in three hospitals, suggesting a clonal spread, while it was not found genetic similarity among S. epidermidis. These findings highlight the importance of continued vigilance of linezolid resistance in the genus Staphylococcus.

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