The thesis describes the current state of the water economy of the Czech Republic, its comparison with Germany (with the focus on the implementation of the WFD) and an outline of possible recommendations. It also describes the process and results of the survey which aimed to find out if the residents of the CZ are informed and interested in the field of water management. An analytic-synthetic method, comparative analysis and questionnaire survey method were used in the study. The results have shown that the inhabitants of the CZ are generally interested in water management, irrespective of their place of residence. The comparison of the two countries has shown that there are not significant differences in implementation of the WFD, what confirmed the defined hypothesis. This result demonstrates the progressive achievements of objectives of the WFD, which is primarily the unification of procedures and water quality for waters of all European countries (taking into account their specific conditions).