Advances in communication and information technologies, as well as recent developments in computer technology, material research and sensor networks instigate the studies on active and dynamic environments, which call for the participation of the human and the machine in the definition of responsiveness in architecture. The thesis aims to provide for an ontological inquiry on responsiveness and responsive environments by undertaking an overview of the extensive interest in the responsive experience in architecture. It scrutinizes the field of responsive environments with a particular focus on the machinic approaches that (re)problematize the human-machine interaction. For this purpose, the thesis relates the concept of responsiveness with the machinism debate and considers the associations between the body, the human-machine interaction and the condition of embodiment in responsive environments. The machinism debate is discussed in reference to responsiveness and assesses the issue of embodiment and human-machine interaction in responsive environments. By reflecting on the human-machine interaction, the re-conceptualization of the issue of embodiment is rendered in reference to the body, the definition of which arises from the relations between the body, the environment and the machine, continuously updated during their interaction. The thesis identifies this altered concept of the body as a significant stimulation for new modes of human-machine interaction as it enables the embodiment of relations in relation to the body and initiates the re-conceptualization of both embodiment and human-machine interaction. In this respect, the thesis presents an assessment of the nature of human-machine interaction and its re-problematization in responsive environments, where the challenged conditions of body and embodiment are discussed in reference to debates in the philosophy of mind on different interpretations of the mind-body relationship. Referring to particular examples from different periods and contexts, the consequences of embracing machinic approaches in the definition of responsive environments are considered, where the dissolution of dichotomies between human and machine, subject and object, human and non-human, and mind and body are questioned in line with these transformations.

This thesis is an attempt to understand the relations between architecture and ideology in literary spaces in the context of Dystopias. It will pursue a definition of the relation between architecture and ideology to understand how the paradigmatic changes affect literary form of architecture to pose revolutionary thought(s). Literature often presents a dystopia or utopia to criticise its own written time, and literary text itself, is both a collection and a pressed version of that time. That is why to examine the ideologies and ideological changes in the period from 1920 to 1950, literary text and constructed spaces in dystopias are used as apparatus to form both the dominant ideology with its negative points and the revolutionary one as a space of resistance. Main discussion will be based on literary spaces in three dystopias / We written by Russian novelist Yevgeny Zamyatin, Brave New World written by Aldous Huxley and Nineteen Eighty Four written by George Orwell. These cases will be used to open the claim that dominant ideology determines the spatial distances of revolutionary thoughts and architecture, and appear as both cause and result of a materialisation of thoughts, thereby forming a dialectic representation of that ideology. Four main items will form the thesis / architecture, ideology, literary spaces (textual spaces) and trilogy of utopia/dystopia/heterotopias.

In this study, it was aimed to develop conservation methodologies for the historic sandstones using the case of Nemrut Mount Monument to help their survival in open air conditions. The main conservation approach of this study was holistic as well as aiming at minimum intervention targeted to the problem areas. The most important weathering forms of Nemrut Sandstones were material loss due to loss of scales and granular disintegration as well as detachments by scales, back weathering due to loss of scales, cracking, granular disintegration, rounding/notching and discoloration/biological deposition. Deterioration mechanisms of sandstones were studied on deteriorated and relatively sound sandstones by nondestructive methods of UPV and QIRT, and by microstructural analyses using thin section, XRD and SEM-EDX analyses. In addition, the changes in physical and physcomechanical properties such as, color, bulk density, effective porosity, hydric, hygric and thermal dilatation and CEC of clays were determined. Sandstone deterioration was caused by swelling of clay minerals distributed in their matrix and clay accumulations between the detaching scales. Considerable thermal dilatation characteristics was also an important decay factor. Iron oxides caused discoloration at the surfaces, their phase changes was thought to be important in decay. The use of surfactant DAA, to control clay swelling was found to decrease the hydric dilatation by 40%. The consolidation treatments with nanosilica and silicate dispersions namely Funcosil KSE500STE, SytonX3, KSE300 and KSE100 have improved physicomechanical properties as followed by UPV measurements and decreased hydric dilatation. Their long term behaviour needed to be further investigated.

ABSTRACT OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS OF ARCHITECT LED DESIGN-BUILD PROJECTS Deniz,Ay&ccedil / a M.Sc. in Building Science, Department of Architecture Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Soofia Tahira Elias Ozkan September 2012, 77 pages From past to today, technological developments have resulted in new systems in parallel with digital age. Innovations have been started to be replaced with the traditional solutions. Standardizations have also started to be renewed in accordance with the high technology and complexity of the projects. Under these circumstances, design and construction activities have been separated in the construction industry. As a result, alternative project delivery systems have been developed and selecting the right delivery system has gained importance depending upon the complexity of the projects The main objective of this study was to propose a model that supports architect&rsquo / s leadership in design-build systems throughout an international airport project as a case study. Thus, construction industry will gain awareness for the organization structures in which architectural groups lead the other disciplines to achieve success in design-build systems considering time cost quality triangle. In this study, organization charts including project construction process and factors affecting design and construction activities were investigated. The matrix relationship in production level of the organization charts among the project disciplines has been analyzed. According to the evaluation of models reflecting the existing status, alternative models supporting architect&rsquo / s leadership are proposed.

Karabaglar district of Mugla, which was registered as a conservation site in 1977, is a low density traditional settlement which has had a family scale agricultural production background. Most of the families, living in the town center, used to migrate to their houses and their farms in that fertile district from the spring till the autumn in order to prepare their needs of foods for the winters as the production of family scale agriculture and animal husbandry. Today the district is located next to Mugla University campus in K&ouml / tekli district in the south and neighbors the axis relating university to the city center in the west. The land values in Karabaglar are very high because the area has always been a prestige zone for the citizens of Mugla because of its cultural and traditional background and the natural beauty. Unfortunately these characteristics lead either to rapid and unconscious restoration interventions or to the total abandoning of the traditional buildings to collapse in order to use the land in future. Therefore / Karabaglar is in danger of losing its traditional, urban, architectural and natural characteristics. This study seeks to fulfill the already made urban-scaled conservation studies with the architectural-scaled data. It aims to determine the values, problems and potentials of the traditional dwellings in Karabaglar-Mugla.

Property rights within historical urban contexts, an important aspect when considering how inhabitants create an urban pattern from an urban context, being starting point of living, using, building, designing and forming the built environment. Property rights can refer not only to the physical forms, socio-cultural structures, administrative issues, and political and economic conditions of the urban context, but also their way of defining an order between the context and its inhabitance, investigates the combination of tangible and intangible values and their continuity in an urban context, which has emerged as an important issue in urban conservation studies. While urban conservation studies have sought rational solutions to investigating the combination of tangible and intangible values and its hidden values in the historical urban context, the thesis is to focus to research the relationship between ownership and the physical urban context so as to define the tangible and intangible values of human experiences within the urban context. The city of Antakya (Antioch) has been selected as the case study of this thesis as not only a crucial empirical case owing to its rich historical, multi-cultural historic urban core, but also due to the fact that the current historical urban form was affected and formed under Islamic ownership norms, and later developed under Ottoman land tenures. Additionally, as archive documents such as title deeds have been translated into Turkish, and the cadastral plans of the urban form have been prepared during the French Mandate Period, they can be viewed as sources of reliable information on ownership norms for every single property unit, which is a key asset when attempting to decode the physical urban structure and reveal the hidden salience of the city. Fundamentally, this research clarifies that ownership has the means of affecting something that lies beyond the existence, beyond the apparent, beyond the known and beyond the man-made settlement boundaries that define elusive historical urban forms. The Antakya case reveals clearly that property rights have major implications when attempting to understand the formation and persistence of every single component of an urban form / and accordingly, these aspects deserve greater consideration in urban conservation when attempting to make holistic assessments.

This thesis investigates space through its relationship with society based on the idea of the social production of space. By employing the social concepts of community and institution, and the spatial concepts of shelter space and marker space, it provides a theoretical perspective for the evaluation of space in architectural history. This theoretical frame is supplied with a case study on the evolution of Early Christian community and their meeting place. The historical course of the Early Christianity in the Roman Empire from community formation to become an institution &ndash / Christendom - constitutes the paradigm for the social premise of the thesis. On the other hand, the proposed outline for the spatial evolution is demonstrated on the house-church at Dura-Europos.

Traditional residential buildings constitute an important part of Turkey&rsquo / s cultural heritage. However, in most of the cases, these buildings face with the problems of arbitrary alterations disregarding their values, abandonment, neglect and even demolition. To prevent these problems, they need to be &#039 / upgraded&#039 / to the contemporary life, while sustaining their values and cultural significance. During this &#039 / upgrading&#039 / process, the most common and important problems are faced with during the re-functioning of the existing spaces and the provision of the service spaces according to the contemporary living standards and expectations of users. Therefore, this thesis proposes the process, content, method and criteria for conservation and design for upgrading traditional residential buildings to the contemporary life, focusing on the existing and expected functional layout and new service spaces. The proposed method is assessed on three selected cases from Istiklal District, Ankara. Based on the proposed process, content, method and design/conservation criteria within this thesis, the functional layouts are studied and the service spaces are designed, including implementation details for the selected cases. As a conclusion, this thesis revealed that the spatial properties of the traditional residential buildings can offer even more than the spaces that the inhabitants can expect from a contemporary house, while the service spaces with contemporary standards can also be provided with a conscientious approach.

This study is an inquiry into the architectural aspects of stage space, which is believed to be the materialization of visual relationships, with the claim that it is also the best illustration of the proposition that architectural discourse is affected by the changes in visual culture. The study is based on the assumption that changes in the conceptualization of architectural space have also been influenced from the shifts in the field of vision, which are the consequences of the changes in the social, political and economical circumstances as well as the developments in science and technology. Within the acknowledgement of three major shifts in the field of vision that have been identified by Jonathan Crary, the study focuses on a reading and assessment of twentieth century developments that differ from the traditional conception of space and ways of spatial representation. Being a key to reconsider architectural space production, the outcomes of these developments are read through the construction of stage and performance spaces. Stage space possesses knowledge about the making of architecture. This study is an attempt to demonstrate how stage space is in relation to or anticipates changes in conception of architecture. Because of its instant nature and flexibility, stage space can be seen as a tool for making experiments for possible changes in the conception of architectural space.

This thesis is an inquiry into the debates about the relationships between architecture, painting, and sculpture. The survey focused on the twentieth century, during which the disciplines of art and architecture resumed a close relationship, taking into consideration the historical context. The interaction emerged with Beaux-Arts Schools, Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau movements until 1900s, and continued with Deutscher Werkbund, Bauhaus and De Stijl during the early twentieth century / and, focused on Minimalist Art, which emerged in the 1960s in America with the concept of &ldquo / architectural sculpture&rdquo / . One of the architects who was influenced by the Minimalist artworks was Frank Gehry. His method of combining art with architecture was taken as the motive to choose Gehry&rsquo / s work as the case study. His striking forms contribute to the development of a final product as a large-scale urban sculpture and a style that is collectively referred to as &ldquo / sculptural architecture&rdquo / . How does Frank Gehry&rsquo / s architecture approach to the condition of art? This question underwent examination in order to shed light on the dialogue between art and architecture, as well as the professional relationships between creators in these fields. At this point, the discussion turned to the issue of collaboration through which artists and architects find the opportunity to design together. Examining the influence of artists on Frank Gehry, it is observed that, interactions with art affected him when he was developing his characteristic style and such collaboration enriched the final product and increased the potentials of independent disciplines.