Thesis (Ph.D. Law)--University of Waikato, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 299-309)

Thesis (B.Ec.(Hons.)) -- University of Adelaide, 1966. / "A thesis submitted as part of the examination for the honours degree of Bachelor of Economics in the University of Adelaide, 1966." Includes bibliographical references (p. 47). Title page, contents and introduction available via the World Wide Web.

New Zealand presently operates a "free market" system of employment and labour relations in which there are no prescribed or mandatory bargaining procedures. When this system was introduced by the Employment Contracts Act 1991 (the "ECA" ) it represented a dramatic departure from the previous system of state regulated collective bargaining, conciliation and arbitration: a system that had existed in New Zealand for almost a century. Although this change in approach was supported by free market advocates, it also generated considerable international and domestic criticism. In response to that criticism, a number of New Zealand politicians stated in 1996 that they would consider imposing on employers and employees a statutory duty to bargain in good faith. However, since the end of 1996, very little has occurred in respect of this issue. Indeed, it now appears that the current New Zealand Government may have abandoned this proposal altogether. If this is, in fact, the Government's decision, it ought to be viewed with concern, for it has been made without the benefit of informed debate. Little, if any, substantive consideration has been given to whether such a duty ought to be introduced, and if so, the form it might take and impact it might have. If an informed decision is to be made to enact a duty of this nature, or not, as the case may be, its merits must be the subject of further debate. This thesis will endeavour to contribute to that debate by examining how one approach to the duty to bargain in good faith, that which applies in British Columbia, Canada, might operate in New Zealand. This examination will consist of six chapters. The first will contextualise the New Zealand arguments on whether a duty of this nature ought to be introduced into the ECA. Chapter two will then examine the duty to bargain in good faith as it applies in British Columbia industrial relations. Chapter three will take that duty, and examine the extent to which it is currently replicated in New Zealand. It will be concluded that little of the substance of this duty is to be found in the law which presently governs the New Zealand labour market. Chapter four will assess the costs of introducing a duty of this nature into the ECA, particularly in terms of reduced efficiency and freedom. Chapter five will identify a number of specific issues that will require resolution if the duty is to operate effectively in New Zealand, and the terms of a suggested statutory amendment will be proffered. It will be concluded in chapter six that introducing a duty to bargain in good faith, akin to that which applies in British Columbia, would benefit New Zealand employers, employees and society as a whole. Further, it will be argued that such a duty must be introduced if labour bargaining in New Zealand is to occur in any meaningful way for most employees. And finally, it will be suggested that if this duty is to be introduced effectively, legislative amendment will be required. For these reasons, it will be asserted that the New Zealand Government ought to revisit the issue of introducing into the ECA a statutory duty to bargain in good faith. / Law, Peter A. Allard School of / Graduate

Purpose Examines the similarities and differences in the dimensionality of advertising attitudes between Turkish and New Zealand consumers. Design/methodology/approach Survey data, collected by questionnaire from 303 respondents in Turkey and 189 respondents in New Zealand were first analysed separately using principal components analysis to identify the underlying dimensions of advertising attitudes. The factor congruency technique was then used to examine the extent of similarity between the two samples. Findings Advertising attitudes consist of social and economic dimensions. The dimensionality of these attitudes exhibits a fairly similar pattern across both countries. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to a particular sample. Extensions of the research to other samples is needed for cross-validation. Potential moderators of advertising attitudes should also be considered in future research. Practical implications Findings suggest that advertisers in Turkey and New Zealand should create advertisements that are believable. The positive relationship between believability and overall attitudes towards advertising also suggests that advertisers should be sensitive to tactics that generate consumer scepticism. Originality/value Examines the relevance of previous North American and European findings in two culturally diverse countries.

No description available.

The 2010-2011 Canterbury, New Zealand, Earthquake Sequence (CES) resulted in a liquefaction dataset of unprecedented size and quality, presenting a truly unique opportunity to assess and improve the efficacy of liquefaction-analytics in the field. Towards this end, the study presented herein develops and analyzes a database of 10,000 high-quality liquefaction case histories resulting from the CES. The objectives of these analyses are varied, but underlying each is the desire to more accurately assess liquefaction hazard for civil infrastructure (i.e., to predict both the occurrence and damage-potential of soil liquefaction). Major contributions from this work include, but are not limited to: (1) the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI), the state-of-practice framework for assessing liquefaction hazard, is shown to produce erroneous predictions for a significant percentage of the assessed case histories; (2) the cause of poor predictions is rigorously investigated and specific shortcomings of the LPI framework are identified; (3) based on the limitations identified, and using insights from historical data, a revised liquefaction hazard framework is developed; and (4) the revised framework is shown to assess liquefaction hazard more efficiently relative to both LPI and a competing alternative framework newly proposed in the literature. Ultimately, significant room for improvement remains with respect to accurate assessment of liquefaction hazard. The findings presented in this dissertation thus form the basis for future development of a further-improved framework. Moreover, a methodology is proposed by which improvements can be measured in a standardized and objective manner. / Ph. D.

LD2668 .T4 1954 S64 / Master of Science

The Nanoarchaeota are an enigmatic lineage of Archaea found in deep-sea hydrothermal vents and geothermal springs across the globe. These small (~100-400 nm) hyperthermophiles live ectosymbiotically with diverse hosts from the Crenarchaeota. Despite their broad distribution in high-temperature environments, very few Nanoarchaeota have been successfully isolated in co-culture with their hosts and nanoarchaeote genomes are poorly represented in public databases. However, the Nanoarchaeota provide unique insights into the structure and function of symbiosis in the archaeal domain. This study describes novel nanoarchaeotes from multiple geothermal habitats, using a combination of direct cultivation techniques and genomic analysis. A new nanoarchaeote from a New Zealand hot spring, Candidatus Nanoclepta minutus, was isolated in co-culture with its host. Like other terrestrial Nanoarchaeota, Cand. Ncl. minutus harbors genes for gluconeogenesis and archaeal flagella. Zestosphaera tikiterensis, the New Zealand host, was also isolated in pure culture and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both Cand. Ncl. minutus and Z. tikiterensis are new genera in the Nanoarchaeota and Crenarchaeota, respectively. Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from the Nanoarchaeota were also recovered from deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites. These MAGs capture a wide range of diversity in the Nanoarchaeota, representing three new species and two novel genera. Key nanoarchaeotal features were identified in the MAGs, including marker genes for archaeal flagella, gluconeogenesis and CRISPR-Cas regions. These studies greatly contribute to our understanding of nanoarchaeotal ecophysiology and provide key insights into the coding potential and diversity of Nanoarchaeota and their hosts.

Both in the present and the past, horses have a strong presence in New Zealand society and culture. The country’s temperate climate and colonial environment allowed horses to flourish and accordingly became accessible to a wide range of people. Horses acted as an agent of colonisation for their role in shaping the landscape and fostering relationships between coloniser and colonised. Imported horses and the traditions associated with them, served to maintain a cultural link between Great Britain and her colony, a characteristic that continued well into the twentieth century. Not all of these transplanted readily to the colonial frontier and so they were modified to suit the land and its people. There are a number of horses that have meaning to this country. The journey horse, sport horse, work horse, warhorse, wild horse, pony and Maori horse have all contributed to the creation of ideas about community and nationhood. How these horses are represented in history, literature and imagery reveal much of the attitudes, values, aspirations and anxieties of the times. Yet despite the clear significance of horses to this country, no one breed of horse has emerged to represent the country as a whole. Unlike many other modern nations, New Zealand has not identified a national horse. Close allegiance to the British heritage as well as a strong sense of local and regional identity has meant that there is no New Zealand Horse to take its place beside the Australian Stockhorse, the Canadian Horse or any of the other national horses.

This research investigates the adoption of mobile commerce (MC) technologies across the supply chain in three businesses in New Zealand that already have adopted and implemented MC. The research used the technological innovation literature and the supply chain research to develop a framework that could assist this research in its attempt to understand the EC phenomenon in the three cases. This research followed the multiple case studies design. The findings from the three case studies suggested that most of the MC applications were concentrated in the B2B side of the SC relationships. Most of the MC activities were internally focused in order to streamline internal mobile operations and processes inside the studied businesses. The clients of the interviewed businesses in this research were not involved in the different MC activities. MC in businesses in New Zealand was used to drive efficiencies in operations in order to fulfil both orders and field requests (coordination and scheduling) leading ultimately to increased customer satisfaction. This research found that MC adoption in the businesses in New Zealand was motivated by its advantages, top management support, the availability of internal IT experts and expertise, the suitability of the MC in filling a mobile gap (i.e., company's field-force), competition, support from technology vendors in assisting and facilitating the adoption decision. The adoption of MC was hindered by its incompatibility with the business environment and the complexity of the MC technology. However, cost, pressure from buyers and suppliers and vertical linkages were unimportant as such to the adoption decision. The research highlight implications concerning MC research in businesses in New Zealand and suggest areas for further research in this innovative technology (MC). These initial insights are of great interest to businesses, researchers, and professionals interested in the adoption of MC in businesses in New Zealand and elsewhere. However, this research raise the importance of conducting more work to further assess the depth of the MC phenomenon in New Zealand and more time is needed before judging MC penetration and success in businesses in New Zealand.