In the gastrointestinal tract, probiotics have been shown to promote host immunity and to regulate immune signaling pathways. This study used Caco-2 cell line to examine the effects of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus isolate from “amabere amaruranu” a Kenyan traditional cultured milk, on the production inflammatory cytokines in enterocytes. Live Lactobacillus rhamnosus (MRS6AN), its cytoplasmic fraction (CF), filtered spent broth (FSB) or heat inactivated FSB (HIB) were used as treatments on differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayer in transwells. Cytokine content in the cell lysates, apical and basolateral supernatants were determined using ELISA. Caco-2 cell lysate treatments showed significantly increased anti-inflammatory TGF-β (ng/ml) levels on average about 100x more compared to the increase in pro-inflammatory IL-8 (pg/ml) levels. These levels were significantly reduced after inhibition of NF-κB. In conclusion, live Lactobacillus rhamnosus, its CF, FSB or HIB seemed to modulate the production of inflammatory cytokines in enterocytes partly via the NF-κB signaling pathway.