Waste is one of the biggest problems in every European country. Formation of waste reveals technological level of a country and creates costs to a society from the economical and ecological point of view. In Europe waste is usually collected and loaded in dumps. Recently, amounts of waste burning are increasing. The effects of waste burning and dumps are obvious: during burning the pollution spreads to an environment, affecting global climate warming; also extremely toxic pollutants (dioxins and furans) and their volatile derivatives form. At present the major part of waste in Lithuania is taken to dumps. Most of dumps in the country do not satisfy even the environmental and sanitary-hygienic requirements. Stiffening the ecological requirements, applying directives of European Union, most dumps will be closed. The waste at the moment ending in dumps may be processed and recycled in future. The integrated application of local raw materials together with various wastes may solve many environmental problems in Lithuania and may affect positively the European ecological balance. To investigate the possibilities to apply the waste, causing the most problems in our country, to the production of building ceramics made of local easily fusible hydro-micous clays. To determine the most optimal quantities of additives such as oil industry waste (used catalyst of GP534 grade, Russia) and shredded rubber of auto tyres, to select the most suitable burning regimes, to analyse the... [to full text]

Waste is one of the biggest problems in every European country. Formation of waste reveals technological level of a country and creates costs to a society from the economical and ecological point of view. In Europe waste is usually collected and loaded in dumps. Recently, amounts of waste burning are increasing. The effects of waste burning and dumps are obvious: during burning the pollution spreads to an environment, affecting global climate warming; also extremely toxic pollutants (dioxins and furans) and their volatile derivatives form. At present the major part of waste in Lithuania is taken to dumps. Most of dumps in the country do not satisfy even the environmental and sanitary-hygienic requirements. Stiffening the ecological requirements, applying directives of European Union, most dumps will be closed. The waste at the moment ending in dumps may be processed and recycled in future. The integrated application of local raw materials together with various wastes may solve many environmental problems in Lithuania and may affect positively the European ecological balance. To investigate the possibilities to apply the waste, causing the most problems in our country, to the production of building ceramics made of local easily fusible hydro-micous clays. To determine the most optimal quantities of additives such as oil industry waste (used catalyst of GP534 grade, Russia) and shredded rubber of auto tyres, to select the most suitable burning regimes, to analyse the... [to full text]