The thesis is concerned with the instances of the figures of mythology of the antiquity in the works of Jean Cocteau and their application. It focuses on the character of Narcissus, which is examined in connection to Oedipus and Orpheus, while concentrating mainly on the topic of mirroring and the related motives of the eye and sight. This mirroring is then not examined only on the level of an aesthetic object, but also in relation to the recipient and in mutual interferences between various media. The thesis is methodologically based on selected philosophical theses by Maurice Merlau-Ponty and the theoretical concepts of Pierre Brunel, Mieke Bal and Mary Ann Caws. Within the works of Jean Cocteau the thesis is primarily concerned with the analysis of the novels The Holy Terrors (Les Enfants Terribles), Le Livre Blanc and their illustrations, the poem "Tombeau de Narcisse", the play La Machine infernale and the films Blood of a Poet, Orpheus and The Testament of Orpheus.

Hanusová P.: Alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae family: isolation, structural identification, biological activity. III. Diploma thesis, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové, 2017. For phytochemical study was selected plant cultivar Narcissus cv. PROFESSOR EINSTEIN. The aim of the work was to isolate Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in pure form and screening of their biological activities. Summary alkaloidal extract was prepared from 34 kg of fresh bulbs and separated by column chromatography. Preparative TLC and crystallization were used for the isolation of substances from subfraction 6/1. Two pure alkaloids of galanthamine structural type were obtained. The alkaloids were identified based on their MS, NMR analysis and optical rotation as narwedine and lycoraminone. Lycoraminone has been isolated for the first time from natural source. Both substances were tested for their acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinestease and prolyl oligopeptidase inhibition activity. Anticancer activity against two gastrointestinal cancer cell lines Caco-2 and HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) and antimalarial activity has been also measured. Unfortunately, none of isolated alkaloids showed some significant activity in biological assays. Keywords:...

Dohnalova A: Alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae family: isolation, structural identification, biological activity. I; Diploma thesis, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové, 2017, 64 p. The Amaryllidaceae family includes bulbous, beautifully flowering plants that have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine. The major chemical compounds found in this particular plant family are alkaloids, namely Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Until now, more than 500 isoquinoline alkaloids have been discovered, which exhibit a diverse biological activity including antitumor and antibacterial. They are also able to inhibit acetylcholinesterase. The aim of the diploma thesis was to process 34 kg of fresh bulbs of Narcissus cv. PROFESSOR EINSTEIN and to prepare an alkaloidal extract. This extract was further divided by column chromatography to almost 500 fractions which were merged based on TLC into 27 subfractions. The subfractione No. 17 was selected for isolation of at least one pure alkaloid. Preparative TLC was used for the the isolation. One pure compound was obtained in crystalic form which was then subjected to structural analysis by EI-MS and NMR methods. Further studies of biological activities were performed in...

This thesis explores stylistic features in two novels by Joseph Conrad--The Nigger of the "Narcissus" published in 1897 and The Rover published in 1923. The main focus of the discussion of these novels is the way in which form and meaning are integrated, that is, how style creates and affects theme and subject. In particular, the various literary devices that create style--the individual word, the sentence, and larger elements such as metaphoric and metonymic patterns—are dealt with. These elements are considered under three headings: dialogue, narrative, and imagery. The mimetic character of dialogue, its integration into a text, the various types of dialogue such as reported speech and direct discourse, and variations of dialogue such as interior monologue and free indirect style are discussed in relation to theme. Secondly, narrative, the larger frame into which dialogue fits, is treated at length, with narrative method, the characteristics of narrative prose in both novels, and the effects produced by Conrad's attention to rhythm and vocabulary forming the central concerns of this section. Lastly, metaphor and simile are discussed as stylistic elements not confined to individual sentences or passages but extending over an entire work, and as the means by which visual and auditory impressions are conveyed to the reader. The traditional types of simile and metaphor, "as if" and "as though" clauses functioning as similes, and metonymic images are analyzed with the intention of demonstrating the relationship between technique and vision. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

De l’homme prométhéen à l’homme narcissique, il n’y a qu’un pas: la technologie. Beaucoup de choses changent chaque fois qu’une nouvelle technologie entre dans nos vies.Cette thèse s’efforce de comprendre comment les membres d’une société donnée (en l’occurrence la Grèce) appréhendent le média technologique de notre époque, sur un plan pratique et théorique, et comment ils sont ensuite influencés, voire transformés par la manière dont ils l’utilisent. Grâce à une enquête qualitative menée d’abord sous forme de questionnaire, nous avons tenté de déterminer comment ils utilisent ces médias pour répondre aux besoins fondamentaux de leur vie sociale tels que l’information et la communication, de quelle façon ils l’utilisent et pourquoi et comment ce dernier les impacte.De par sa nature même, internet est le média qui oblige l’homme à s’étendre au-delà de ses propres limites corporelles, projetant, pour ainsi dire, son système nerveux central sur le média. En plus, Facebook donne l’occasion à chaque utilisateur de projeter un profil créé par lui-même et d’exister à travers ce monde qui est le sien.L’Homme qui regarde l’écran numérique est une version contemporaine de Narcisse. Une fois de plus, il s’étend avec détermination, se mutile et se conforme à la nouvelle perception sensorielle. L'ordinateur connecté à Internet est le média technologique par excellence dont l'utilisation provoque ces changements. La présente recherche se flatte d’avoir contribué, à son modeste niveau, à la sociologie de nos contemporains confrontés à l’ère numérique. / From the promethean man to Narcissus there is only a small step: technology. A lot of things change every time a new technology enters our lives.This thesis attempts to comprehend the way the new Greek generation makes use of the new cyber technology and how modern Greek people are influenced as well as transformed by this use. By means of a qualitative survey in the form of questionnaires administered to young people we attempted to explore how they use these media to satisfy basic needs of their social life such as information and communication, how they perceive their relation with the media and how they are influenced by them.By nature, internet is the medium which helps the individual to overcome his corporal limits extending parts of his nervous system to the medium. Moreover, Facebook gives the opportunity to each one of its users to project a profile created by himself and live within it. The user who watches the screen appears to be a contemporary version of Narcissus once again complying with new sensory perceptions. The computer connected to the internet is the major medium that causes these modifications.That’s what Prometheus did. His invention gave birth to a new human era. What becomes the principal objective in our day and age is without any doubt to move from the condition of pathetic Narcissus to the condition of the artful navigator in the virtual ocean. The present research has hopefully contributed to some extent to the social research related to the contemporary virtual era.

Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Author: Hana Šimková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Lucie Cahlíková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Alkaloids of genus Narcissus: isolation, structural identification, biological activity Key words: Narcissus, alkaloids, biological activity, Alzheimer's disease, cytotoxic activity The aim of the diploma thesis was an isolation of alkaloids with a focus on minor fractions. These fractions were obtained from the summary alkaloid extract of Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton. The method of preparative TLC was used for the isolation of alkaloids. Three substances of alkaloid origin marked as Fj 3-4/kr, F 7/2-1, F 7/2-3 were isolated from the assigned fractions. These substances were identified as alkaloids of homolycorine type lycorenine, homolycorine and hippeastrine by using GC-MS, NMR and optical rotation. The results were also compared with data in the literature. These three alkaloids were tested for their inhibitory activity against AChE, BuChE, POP and GSK-3β. The inhibitory activity against AChE and BuChE was compared with the reference substances galanthamine (IC50 AChE = 1,71 ± 0,07 μM, IC50 BuChE = 42,3 ± 1,3 μM) and huperzine A (IC50 AChE = 0,033 ± 0,001 μM, IC50 BuChE> 1000 μM). The inhibitory...

Il est d'usage de parler d’un « Pasolini frioulan », jouant, à notre avis, sur l'ambiguïté de cette expression selon le sens que l’on veut attribuer au terme «frioulan» : substantif, entendu comme langue, ou bien adjectif. Ou encore, les deux à la fois, puisque l'opération recherchée par Pasolini était justement de fusionner en quelque sorte ces deux valeurs en une seule réalité culturelle.En essayant de se plonger avec prudence dans l’intimité de l’auteur nous avons organisé notre travail autour de trois axes qui correspondent respectivement au frioulan, à la poétique et au théâtre. Nous avons suivi un chemin qui trace une ligne directrice de l'expérience frioulane qui commence avec Poesie a Casarsa, en passant par ledit « journal inédit » et s’achève avec le drame théâtral « I turcs tal Friul ».L'approche analytique des trois phénomènes explique comment le timp furlan de Pasolini n’est pas une exclusivité biographique ou poétique (La meglio gioventù), mais une réalité riche et complexe dans laquelle les concepts de langue, d'identité et d'autonomie sont liés au Frioul. En ce qui concerne Pasolini et son séjour au Frioul nous ne pouvons parler d’une immersion totale dans l’ « Eden » frioulan, mais plutôt d’un jeu culturel très intéressant entre italianité et « frioulanité », qui nous permet de placer où bon nous semble les frontières pasoliniennes dans l'identité frioulane. / When approaching the so called “Pasolini friulano” [Friulian Pasolini], the specialists usually play on the ambiguity of the italian term “friulano”: Friulian as a noun, i.e. the language, or as an adjective, i.e. relating to the region? In our opinion the term covers both of them, because the intended purpose of Pasolini was precisely to merge somehow these two values into an unique cultural reality.Exploring carefully the author’s personal word more through the analysis of his literary works than his biographical data, this research focuses mainly on the Friulian language, the poetry, and the theatre. Having Poesie a Casarsa as starting point, it discusses also the so called Diario Inedito and the drama I Turcs tal Friul, with the aim to establish useful guidelines for a better understanding of the Friulian experience of Pasolini. The analytical approach of these three literary works proves that the timp furlan [friulian time] is not just a poetic or biographical fact (La meglio gioventù): it covers actually a very rich and complex reality, in which the idea of Friuli is strictly connected to the concepts of language, identity and political autonomy. During his stay in Friuli, Pasolini has not experienced a full-immersion in a Friulian Eden. Rather, he played a very interesting cultural game with the ideas of being Italian and/or Friulian. In this context, it is not possible to mark out clearly the Friulian identity of Pasolini and for this reason its boundaries can be shifted at leisure.

Les habitats sur le substrat de serpentine représentent un environnement hostile pour le développement des plantes. Ils sont caractérisés par un faible nombre d'espèces mais un haut niveau d'endémisme. Cette étude présente pour la première fois une série des données sur la taille du génome, du nombre chromosomique, du niveau de ploïdie, de l'affinité pour le substrat, du cycle de vie, du type et de la forme de croissance des serpentinophytes dans l'extrême nord-ouest de la zone de serpentine dans les Balkans. Les 308 taxons des plantes étudiées comprennent appartenant à 213 genres, dont la taille du génome est donnée pour la première fois pour 28 genres et 99 espèces. En utilisant les critères de Leitch, plus de la moitié des taxons (55.63%) appartiennent au groupe des très petits génomes, 22.19% aux petits, 18.75% aux moyens, 3.13% aux grands, et seulement 0.31% aux très grands génomes. Concernant l'affinité au substrat, la majorité d'espèces (171) sont indifférentes ou des serpentinophytes facultatives (103). Selon le type de cycle de vie, ~ 4% des espèces sont annuelles, 88.31% pérennes, dont 57% possèdent de très petits génomes. Les hémicryptophytes représentent une forme de vie dominante (48.38%), tandis que les phanérophytes représentent 17%, les chaméphytes 15%, les thérophyte 9% et les géophytes 9%. Il est évident que le stress hydrique, les températures élevées et la présence de métaux lourds dans les habitats sur la serpentine jouent une haute pression sélective et favorisent des espèces pérennes à très petits génomes.Le Narcissus poeticus (Amaryllidaceae), serpentinophyte facultative, est l'ancêtre des narcisses cultivés. C'est la première étude de N. poeticus et de sa rhizosphère dans les populations naturelles. Il montre une tolérance au pH du sol qui varie du 4.64 à 7.85. Les concentrations totales de nickel, de cobalt et de magnésium sont plus élevées dans les sols sur serpentine que dans ceux sur calcaires. Narcissus poeticus est caractérisé par une plus grande accumulation de manganèse, de nickel et de magnésium dans ses parties aériennes. Le cobalt, par contre, a une concentration totale uniforme dans toutes les parties de la plante. Une autre caractéristique inhabituelle de N. poeticus est son plus grand rapport molaire Ca/Mg dans les parties souterraines, probablement dû à sa forme de vie (géophytes) et une dormance estivale. Il est évident que, même si N. poeticus accumule certaines quantités de métaux lourds estimés (Mn, Ni, Co, Fe), il n'est pas pour autant un hyperaccumulateur.Une partie importante de ce travail concerne la variabilité de la structure chromosomique, la taille du génome, le niveau de ploïdie et la présence de chromosomes B dans 13 populations naturelles de N. poeticus poussant sur différents substrats géologiques et dans différentes conditions environnementales. La technique de la cytométrie en flux a été utilisée pour estimer la taille du génome, l'hybridation in situ fluorescente (FISH) pour la cartographie physique de l'ADNr, le fluorochrome banding pour l'organisation de l'hétérochromatine et la coloration au nitrate d'argent pour estimer l'activité des gènes ribosomiques. L'organisation des gènes ribosomiques et l'existence des triploïdes naturels ont été rapportés ici pour la première fois. Présence des individus portant de chromosomes B (dans 9 populations sur 13) et de translocations chromosomiques a été détectée. Un système particulier de chromosomes B présente trois différents morphotypes. Le submétacentrique type, le plus fréquent, possède quatre paternes différents dans l'organisation de l'hétérochromatine et de l'ADNr. La coloration à l'AgNO3 a montré que le nombre de nucléoles formés augmente en présence des chromosomes B portant des gènes ribosomiques, dont l'activité est ainsi prouvée. Les résultats obtenus démontrent que N. poeticus possède un génome dynamique avec la quantité d'ADN variable en raison de la présence de polyploïdie, de chromosomes B et de réarrangements chromosomiques. Il semble que les modifications observées reflètent la réponse du génome à différentes conditions environnementales où les individus portant les chromosomes B pourraient avoir des avantages sélectifs.

Rýdlová Kateřina: Alkaloids Narcissus 'Dutch Master' (Amaryllidaceae) and their biological activity III. Diploma thesis 2017. Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology. The aim of this work was isolation of compounds from the selected fraction ND 3 - 5 obtained by column chromatography of a Narcissus 'Dutch Master' alkaloid extract. Preparation of the extract and its column chromatography was performed by Mgr. Daniela Hulcová as a part of her doctoral study. Two substances NDM-1 and NDM-2 were isolated from fraction ND 3 - 5 by column chromatography and preparative TLC. The structures were determined as (+)-masonine and (+)-homolycorine on the basis of NMR, GC-MS analysis, optical rotation and their comparison with literature data. Isolated alkaloids were tested on inhibitory activity against human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase, plasma butyrylcholinesterase and prolyloligopeptidase. Activity of alkaloids was expressed as IC50 values: (+)-masonine (IC50 AChE = 305 ± 34 μM, IC50 BuChE = 229 ± 24 μM, IC50 POP = 314 ± 34 μM), (+)-homolycorine (IC50 AChE = 63.7 ± 4.3 μM, IC50 BuChE = 151 ± 20 μM, IC50 POP = 173 ± 41 μM). In comparison with standards of galanthamine (IC50 AChE = 1.710 ± 0.1 μM, IC50 BuChE = 42.3 ± 1.3 μM),...

Dvořáková Zdeňka: Alkaloids of Narcissus 'Dutch Master' (Amaryllidaceae) and their biological activity II. Diploma thesis 2016, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology. The content of this work was isolation of compounds from the selected fraction ND-6 obtained by column chromatography of Narcissus 'Dutch Master' alkaloid extract. Preparation of extract and its column chromatography was performed by Mrg. Daniela Hulcová as part of her doctoral studies. By the means preparative TLC was from fraction ND- 6 homolycorine type alkaloid (+)-O-methyllycorenine gained. Its structure was determined on the basis NMR, GC-MS analysis and optical rotation. The obtained data were compared with facts in known literature. By the isolated alkaloid was determined its cholinesterase inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Its inhibitory activity was expressed as IC50 (M) and compared with known standards galanthamine, physostigmine, and Huperzine A. This alkaloid is inactive against cholinesterase (IC50 AChE > 1000 M, IC50 BChE > 1000 M). On the basis of gained results, we can evaluate this alkaloid from the point of view of cholinesterase inhibition as potentially unusable in the treatment of AD. Key...