臺灣在以往的半個世紀，歷經工商業快速地成長，當時都市計畫與建築未能跟上其腳步，爰於都市計畫法以「舊市區更新」因應改善。然政府機關採「徵收」或「區段徵收」方式實施，受限於財力、人力之不足，及未透過協商機制取得私有土地，引起民眾反抗心理，以致成效不彰。部分地方政府為解決此一困境，開始制訂獎勵民間辦理都市更新，藉以引入民間資源，推動都市更新。 1998年「都市更新條例」公布施行，強制規範公有土地及建築物，依核定版都市更新事業計畫處理，而民間實施更新事業計畫重建方式，主要為協議合建及權利變換，然公有土地尚無法與實施者以協議合建方式進行更新事業，因此，公有土地參與都市更新方式，係以權利變換方式為主軸。 本研究於國有不動產參與都市更新權利變換權益分配個案中發現： 1.適時挹注國有土地參與都市更新事業，得以達到更新事業門檻，進而促成更新事業產權整合。 2.都市更新審議委員會負責審議都市更新事業計畫及權利變換計畫，包括核定共同負擔，為把關國有土地權益最重要防線。 3.權利變換範圍內國有土地面積與共同負擔費用呈現正向比例，國有土地面積愈大，樓地板愈大，則營建成本相對愈高，而權利變換之共同負擔費用，原則提列上限，得否調整，需由審議會議決通過。 建議： 1.審議會所列機關代表，應包括公產管理機關，以求公正客觀維護公產權益。 2.更新事業計畫擬定階段，規劃可供公務、公共使用性質房地，以利於相關機關視業務需要依法辦理撥用，並預估公產管理期間需負擔管(處)理成本，列為共同負擔費用，由參與者共同負擔。 3.公有土地參與都市更新，係為實現公共利益配合政策而執行，無論其參與更新事業目的，應考量維護全民財產權益。 / Taiwan, in the past half of century, has experienced the period of industry and commerce rapid expanding, but the urban plan and architecture couldn’t keep pace with them at that time. Therefore, “old town urban area renewal” came out and improved. However, limited to insufficiency of financial, human resources, and acquirement of private land without negotiation, the government agencies conducted “expropriation” or “zone expropriation” and the result was ineffective. In order to solve this dilemma, some local governments established the system of incentive of the private participation of urban renewal, introduced private power effectively, and promoted urban renewal fast. Urban Renewal Act was promulgated and conducted on 1998. It forces all the public lands and constructions should deal with the approved urban renewal business plan area. The ways of reconstruction dealing with the urban renewal business plan of non-governmental organizations are joint construction and rights transformation. However, the public lands can’t be proceeded urban renewal business plan by using the wayof reconstruction with implementers. Therefore, the main way of public lands participation in urban renewal is rights transformation. We realize on the case of national real estateparticipation in urban renewal rights transformationbenefit distribution on this study: 1.By pouring national real estate into the participation of urban renewal business plan, we are able to surpass threshold of urban renewal business plan, and promote the integration of property rights of renewal business plan. 2.The committee of urban renewal is in charge of reviewing renewal business plan and rights transformation, including approved common expense sharing. 3.There is a positive correlation between national land area within the area rights transformation and common expense sharing. If the common expense sharing which takes into upper limit is able to adjust, it should be passed a resolution by the committee. In summary, the study proposes suggestions as below: 1.The committee which lists governmental agencies should consist of public owned property managing authority, so that it is able to protect the rights of public property. 2.In the stage of renewal business plan, it should planfor office and public use real estate in order to help relative governmental agencies appropriate it, evaluates the management cost within the period of public management, and takes common expense sharing which should be shared by participators into account. 3.The aim of public land participation in urban renewal is to bring about public rights coordinating public policy. No matter what thepurposes of participation in urban renewal are, it should protect the all citizens’ rights.