This text is intended for all interested parties from the general public, but primarily a narrow range of educational material for teachers in secondary schools, science schools, etc. The work includes chapters devoted to non-original animals in the world, the issue of non-native animals in the CR and their significance. The research deals with the knowledge of elementary school students related to the topic of non-native species.

O presente trabalho consiste diagnÃstico de plantas com usos terapÃuticos e caracterizaÃÃo do perfil de comunidades sobre a conservaÃÃo da flora nativa do entorno da Reserva Natural Serra das Almas, CE e PI, Brasil. Para isto, investigou-se diversos aspectos como:o perfil sÃcio-econÃmico-cultural das comunidades; o repasse do conhecimento etnobotÃnico entre as sucessivas geraÃÃes; as informaÃÃes etnobotÃnicas relativas ao uso das plantas medicinais, dados relativos ao perfil epidemiolÃgico das comunidades; o comÃrcio de plantas em Ãrea urbana; e sobre a existÃncia de uma preocupaÃÃo do ponto de vista conservacionista com a flora local. Foram aplicados diferentes tipos de questionÃrios semi-estruturados para os grupos populacionais selecionados: 1) parteiras, curandeiros e raizeiros, 2) pÃblico jovem de 15 a 25 anos, 3) funcionÃrios dos postos de saÃde do entorno da reserva, 4) comerciantes de plantas medicinais da feira livre da sede municipal de CrateÃs. Paralelamente a essas entrevistas, foi realizado o levantamento florÃstico das espÃcies cultivadas nos quintais e na vegetaÃÃo perifÃrica Ãs residÃncias. Efetuou-se ainda, o cÃlculo do âValor de Usoâ das plantas usadas como medicinais, a fim de medir o grau de importÃncia de cada uma, para as populaÃÃes das comunidades analisadas. Foram citadas 61 espÃcies medicinais, pertencentes a 36 famÃlias, das quais, por falta de material botÃnico em estado reprodutivo, 27 sà foram identificadas em nÃvel de gÃnero. As famÃlias e subfamÃlias com maior nÃmero de espÃcies mencionadas foram: Lamiaceae (8), seguida por Euphorbiaceae (5), Anacardiaceae e Leg-Caesalpinioideae (4), Leg-Faboideae e Verbenaceae (3), Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Moraceae e Olacaceae com 2 espÃcies cada. As plantas medicinais citadas sÃo utilizadas principalmente para o tratamento das gripes, a qual constitui tambÃm a enfermidade mais freqÃente detectada nos postos de saÃde. Verificou tambÃm que as folhas foram as partes da planta mais usadas pelos entrevistados. Algumas espÃcies se destacaram pelo elevado valor de uso como: Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreg (2,50), Himatanthus sp. (2,50), Ocimum gratissimum L. (2,00), Caesalpinia ferrea Mart (2,00), Licania rigida Benth (2,00). Os resultados demonstraram uma tendÃncia à perda do conhecimento etnobotÃnico entre os jovens. / The present study has subject out a diagnostic of therapeutic-use plants and characterization profile of the communities about conservation of the native flora at the region of Reserva Natural Serra das Almas, CE and PI, in Brazil. In order to do that, different pieces of information were investigated, such as the social-economical-cultural profile of the communities; the spread of ethnobotanical knowledge among successive generations; the ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants, data related to the epidemiological profile of the communities, to the trade of plants in urban areas, and on the existence of concern â on the conservationist point of view â about the local flora. Diferents types of halfstructured of questionary were carried to the populations of elect groups: 1) midwife, rootmen, witchdoctor, 2) young public of 15 to 25 years old, 3) servant of half post at the region of Reserva, 4) the businessman of medicinal plants to the free market of CrateÃs. Parallel of this interview, take effecting floristical survey of the species cultivated in the back yard and in the outskirts vegetation. The calculation of the âvalue of useâ of the medicinal plants was also carried out - in order to measure the level of importance of each plant to the communities of the studied areas. About the local flora were also researched. 61 medicinal species were cited, that to belong to 36 families, of which just 27 have been identified in genus level, because didnât have botanic material in a reproductive condition. The families with the largest number of mentioned species were: Lamiaceae (8), following Euphorbiaceae (5), Anacardiaceae and Leg-Caesalpinioideae (4), Leg-Faboideae e Verbenaceae (3), Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Moraceae, Olacaceae with 2 species each.. Medicinal plants are mainly used for the treatment of the flu, which is also the most frequently detected illness at health centers. Verified yet, that the largest part of plant used were the leaf. Some species have stood out for their high value of use, such as Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreg (2,50), Himatanthus sp. (2,50), Ocimum gratissimum L. (2,00), Caesalpinia ferrea Mart (2,00), Licania rigida Benth (2,00). The results have shown a tendency towards the loss of ethnobotanical knowledge within young people.

MAGALHÃES, Alessandra. Perfil etnobotânico e conservacionista das comunidades do entorno da reserva natural Serra das Almas, Ceará - Piauí, Brasil. 2006. 68 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Programa Regional de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente - PRODEMA, Fortaleza-CE, 2006. / Submitted by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-03-23T12:50:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_amagalhães.pdf: 1794297 bytes, checksum: 8ede621dcb215bae53dc46c6ae9d1b08 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by demia Maia(demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-03-23T13:00:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_amagalhães.pdf: 1794297 bytes, checksum: 8ede621dcb215bae53dc46c6ae9d1b08 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-23T13:00:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_amagalhães.pdf: 1794297 bytes, checksum: 8ede621dcb215bae53dc46c6ae9d1b08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / The present study has subject out a diagnostic of therapeutic-use plants and characterization profile of the communities about conservation of the native flora at the region of Reserva Natural Serra das Almas, CE and PI, in Brazil. In order to do that, different pieces of information were investigated, such as the social-economical-cultural profile of the communities; the spread of ethnobotanical knowledge among successive generations; the ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants, data related to the epidemiological profile of the communities, to the trade of plants in urban areas, and on the existence of concern – on the conservationist point of view – about the local flora. Diferents types of halfstructured of questionary were carried to the populations of elect groups: 1) midwife, rootmen, witchdoctor, 2) young public of 15 to 25 years old, 3) servant of half post at the region of Reserva, 4) the businessman of medicinal plants to the free market of Crateús. Parallel of this interview, take effecting floristical survey of the species cultivated in the back yard and in the outskirts vegetation. The calculation of the ‘value of use’ of the medicinal plants was also carried out - in order to measure the level of importance of each plant to the communities of the studied areas. About the local flora were also researched. 61 medicinal species were cited, that to belong to 36 families, of which just 27 have been identified in genus level, because didn’t have botanic material in a reproductive condition. The families with the largest number of mentioned species were: Lamiaceae (8), following Euphorbiaceae (5), Anacardiaceae and Leg-Caesalpinioideae (4), Leg-Faboideae e Verbenaceae (3), Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Moraceae, Olacaceae with 2 species each.. Medicinal plants are mainly used for the treatment of the flu, which is also the most frequently detected illness at health centers. Verified yet, that the largest part of plant used were the leaf. Some species have stood out for their high value of use, such as Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreg (2,50), Himatanthus sp. (2,50), Ocimum gratissimum L. (2,00), Caesalpinia ferrea Mart (2,00), Licania rigida Benth (2,00). The results have shown a tendency towards the loss of ethnobotanical knowledge within young people. / O presente trabalho consiste diagnóstico de plantas com usos terapêuticos e caracterização do perfil de comunidades sobre a conservação da flora nativa do entorno da Reserva Natural Serra das Almas, CE e PI, Brasil. Para isto, investigou-se diversos aspectos como:o perfil sócio-econômico-cultural das comunidades; o repasse do conhecimento etnobotânico entre as sucessivas gerações; as informações etnobotânicas relativas ao uso das plantas medicinais, dados relativos ao perfil epidemiológico das comunidades; o comércio de plantas em área urbana; e sobre a existência de uma preocupação do ponto de vista conservacionista com a flora local. Foram aplicados diferentes tipos de questionários semi-estruturados para os grupos populacionais selecionados: 1) parteiras, curandeiros e raizeiros, 2) público jovem de 15 a 25 anos, 3) funcionários dos postos de saúde do entorno da reserva, 4) comerciantes de plantas medicinais da feira livre da sede municipal de Crateús. Paralelamente a essas entrevistas, foi realizado o levantamento florístico das espécies cultivadas nos quintais e na vegetação periférica às residências. Efetuou-se ainda, o cálculo do “Valor de Uso” das plantas usadas como medicinais, a fim de medir o grau de importância de cada uma, para as populações das comunidades analisadas. Foram citadas 61 espécies medicinais, pertencentes a 36 famílias, das quais, por falta de material botânico em estado reprodutivo, 27 só foram identificadas em nível de gênero. As famílias e subfamílias com maior número de espécies mencionadas foram: Lamiaceae (8), seguida por Euphorbiaceae (5), Anacardiaceae e Leg-Caesalpinioideae (4), Leg-Faboideae e Verbenaceae (3), Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Moraceae e Olacaceae com 2 espécies cada. As plantas medicinais citadas são utilizadas principalmente para o tratamento das gripes, a qual constitui também a enfermidade mais freqüente detectada nos postos de saúde. Verificou também que as folhas foram as partes da planta mais usadas pelos entrevistados. Algumas espécies se destacaram pelo elevado valor de uso como: Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreg (2,50), Himatanthus sp. (2,50), Ocimum gratissimum L. (2,00), Caesalpinia ferrea Mart (2,00), Licania rigida Benth (2,00). Os resultados demonstraram uma tendência à perda do conhecimento etnobotânico entre os jovens.

Presented within this thesis are three studies on three rare and imperiled Southeastern woody plant species: mountain stewartia (Stewartia ovata), Atlantic white-cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides), and Miller's witch-alder (Fothergilla milleri). This work contributes to the ecological understanding of these three species allowing for better-informed conservation decision-making. Machine learning habitat suitability models are presented for mountain stewartia and Miller's witch-alder. These models can direct limited conservation dollars and manpower towards areas of the highest habitat suitability. This work also utilizes field-based data to assess the habitat needs, species associations, and regeneration potential of both Atlantic white-cedar and Miller's witch-alder. Understanding the habitat and regeneration potential of these species allows conservationists to make more tailored land management decisions for the species. As plant species continue to be threatened with extinction, more basic and applied research is needed to lessen the impacts of the 6th mass extinction on native flora.

Les écosystèmes forestiers naturels du Sud-Ouest de l’océan Indien (SOOI) sont fortement impactés par la déforestation et font face à de nombreuses invasions biologiques pouvant altérer leur processus, en particulier les interactions de type plantes-pollinisateur. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrit cette thèse, décrivant les relations entre un pollinisateur généraliste indigène : Apis mellifera unicolor et la flore de deux écosystèmes de Ranomafana : RA et de Mare Longue : ML. La description palynologique de 135 espèces issues de 52 familles de plantes mellifères de la formation de RA, a fait ressortir les caractères spécifiques des pollens liés à une pollinisation entomophile. Dans un second temps, des suivis phénologiques mensuels de 131 espèces (90% d’indigènes) à RA et 120 espèces (53% d’exotiques) à ML ont permis d’identifier et d’estimer les ressources florales disponibles. Pendant un an, l’analyse mensuelle des miels et pollens collectés a permis de dresser l’inventaire des ressources florales réellement exploitées. Les espèces indigènes ont été significativement plus butinées que les espèces exotiques, malgré une diversité de ressources exotiques supérieures à celles des indigènes (ML). Le comportement de butinage de l’abeille sur le genre Weinmannia a été analysé sur la base de 104 h de vidéo (W. bojeriana et W. rutenbergii à Madagascar, et W. tinctoria à La Réunion). Les fleurs ont été visitées par un cortège de pollinisateurs potentiels : coléoptères, diptères, lépidoptères et autres hyménoptères. A. m. unicolor était le visiteur le plus fréquent à Madagascar. L’ensemble de ces résultats a permis de confirmer le comportement généraliste d’A. m. unicolor, avec toutefois une préférence forte et significative pour les espèces florales indigènes des strates arborées et arbustives et permet d’émettre des hypothèses sur la complexité des interactions entre l’abeille et les écosystèmes du hotspot de biodiversité SOOI. / The natural forest ecosystems of the Southwest Indian Ocean (SOOI) have been strongly impacted by deforestation and face many biological invasions that are alter their balance, particularly plant-pollinator interactions. It is in this context that this thesis is set, describing the relations between an indigenous general pollinator: Apis mellifera unicolor and the flora of two ecosystems of Madagascar (Ranomafana: RA) and Reunion (Mare Longue: ML). The palynological description of 135 species from 52 families of melliferous plants from the RA formation, highlighted the specific criteria of pollens associated with entomophilous pollination. In a second time, monthly phenological monitoring of 131 species (90% native) to RA and 120 species (53% exotic) to ML allowed to identify and estimate the available floral resources. During one year, the monthly analysis of honeys and pollen collected enabled an inventory of the floral resources actually exploited. Native species were significantly more visited than exotic species, despite a diversity of exotic resources superior to that of the natives (ML). The foraging behaviour of the honeybee on the genus Weinmannia was analysed on the basis of 104 hours of video (W. bojeriana and W. rutenbergii in Madagascar, and W. tinctoria in Reunion Island). The flowers were visited by many potential pollinators: Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and other Hymenoptera. A. m. unicolor was the most frequent visitor to the two species from Madagascar. The results confirmed the generalist behaviour of A. m. unicolor, with, however, a strong and significant preference for native floral species of tree and shrub strata and makes it possible to speculate on the important place of this bee in the ecosystems of the SOOI biodiversity hotspot.