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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Pesquisa de dados bot?nicos de plantas ?teis coletadas por naturalistas europeus no s?culo XIX no norte/nordeste de Minas Gerais: dados bot?nicos, qu?micos e ensaios antioxidantes de Erythroxylum suberosum A. St.-Hil (Erythroxylaceae)

Oliveira, Fernanda de F?tima Souza de 20 March 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Nivaldo Melo (nivaldo.melo@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-30T16:16:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 fernanda_fatima_souza_oliveira.pdf: 23893831 bytes, checksum: 83241a9677985b444fbd581bcc90b706 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-03T15:55:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 fernanda_fatima_souza_oliveira.pdf: 23893831 bytes, checksum: 83241a9677985b444fbd581bcc90b706 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T15:55:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 fernanda_fatima_souza_oliveira.pdf: 23893831 bytes, checksum: 83241a9677985b444fbd581bcc90b706 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / No s?culo XIX o Brasil foi visitado por naturalistas europeus, atra?dos pelas riquezas naturais do pa?s. O franc?s Saint-Hilaire, em sua obra Plantas Usuais dos Brasileiros descreveu plantas que eram usadas pelos habitantes da regi?o norte/nordeste de Minas Gerais. Dentre estas, encontra-se a Erythroxylum suberosum A. St.-Hil. (Erythroxylaceae), conhecida popularmente como ?galinha-choca? e ?merc?rio do campo?, abundante nas proximidades da cidade de Diamantina (MG). Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram o resgate de informa??es sobre as esp?cies bot?nicas descritas por Saint-Hilaire no norte/nordeste de Minas Gerais, no s?culo XIX, inclu?das em sua obra Plantas usuais dos brasileiros e a realiza??o de estudo fitoqu?mico e determina??o da atividade antioxidante de extratos das folhas de E. suberosum. Foram realizadas pesquisas em herb?rios virtuais para detec??o de coletas, nos s?culos XIX, XX e XXI, de quinze esp?cies descritas por Saint-Hilaire no norte/nordeste de Minas Gerais, em sua obra. Estas informa??es foram usadas no direcionamento de coletas destas esp?cies na regi?o de Diamantina e na verifica??o da ocorr?ncia atual de tais plantas. Algumas esp?cies s?o encontradas, ainda na atualidade, nos locais citados pelo naturalista ou em localidades muito pr?ximas: quatro, das quinze esp?cies encontradas por Saint-Hilaire, foram coletadas e georreferenciadas nas proximidades de Diamantina. Para realiza??o de estudo fitoqu?mico e determina??o de atividade antioxidante, as folhas de E. suberosum foram coletas em Diamantina-MG. O material, seco e pulverizado, foi usado para macera??o com os solventes hexano, acetato de etila e etanol e extra??o pelo M?todo Stas-Otto, para pesquisa de alcaloides. A triagem fitoqu?mica dos extratos sugeriu a presen?a de alcal?ides, cumarinas, flavonoides (incluindo antocianidinas), taninos condensados e triterpenos/esteroides e an?lises por CLAE/DAD sugeriram a presen?a de compostos fen?licos nas amostras. Os extratos preparados pelo M?todo Stas-Otto foram analisados por CG/EM, sendo sugerida a presen?a de 23 subst?ncias, dentre as quais encontrase o alcaloide trop?nico tropacoca?na. Quanto ? atividade antioxidante os extratos de E. suberosum, quando comparados ao padr?o (?cido g?lico), n?o apresentaram pronunciada atividade de retirada de radical DPPH; no entanto, o extrato etan?lico apresentou uma maior quantidade de fen?licos totais, maior poder de redu??o do ?on met?lico Fe3+ e maior capacidade antioxidante pela an?lise por voltametria c?clica. Assim este trabalho contribuiu para a recupera??o e disponibiliza??o de informa??es sobre plantas ?teis coletadas por naturalistas europeus no norte/nordeste de Minas Gerais e para o conhecimento sobre a composi??o qu?mica e atividade antioxidante da esp?cie E. suberosum. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Farmac?uticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT In 19th century the Brazil was visited by European naturalists, attracted by the country's natural resources. The French Saint-Hilaire, in his book Useful Brazilian plants described plants that were used by the residents of the north /northeast region of Minas Gerais. Among these is Erythroxylum suberosum A. St.-Hil. (Erythroxylaceae), popularly known as "galinha choca" and "merc?rio do campo" abundant near the city of Diamantina ( MG ). The objectives of this study were the rescue of the information about botanical species described by Saint- Hilaire in the north/northeast of Minas Gerais, in the 19th century, included in his Useful Brazilian plants and realization of phytochemical study and determination of the activity antioxidant of the extracts of the leaves of E. suberosum. Researches were conducted in virtual herbarium for detection of collections in 19th, 20th and 21th centuries of fifteen species described by Saint-Hilaire in the north/northeast of Minas Gerais, in his book. This information was used in targeting these species collected in the region of Diamantina and verify the actual occurrence of this plants. Some species are found, even today, in the places cited by the naturalist or very nearby localities. Four species found near Diamantina were collected and georeferenced. To perform phytochemical study and determination of antioxidant activity, the leaves of E. suberosum were collected in Diamantina-MG. The material, dried and pulverized, was used for maceration with the solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol and extraction by Stas-Otto method, for the detection of alkaloids. The phytochemical screening of the extracts suggested the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids (including anthocyanins), condensed tannins and triterpenes/steroids. The extracts prepared by Stas-Otto method were analyzed by GC/MS, being suggested the presence of 23 substances, among which is the tropane alkaloid tropacocaine. As for antioxidant activity the extracts of E. suberosum, when compared to standard (galic acid), showed no pronounced activity withdrawing DPPH radical; however, the ethanolic extract showed a higher content of phenolic compounds and greater power reduction of Fe3+ metal ion and greater antioxidant potential in assay performed by cyclic voltammetry. Thus this work contributed to the recovery and availability of information on useful plants collected by European naturalists in the north /northeast of Minas Gerais and the knowledge of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the species E. suberosum.

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