Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / This study examines the Reserve Non-Prior Service Accession (NPS) program, the effects of the current training process for Reserve readiness, and the effects of proposals to extend the initial active duty training period. In particular, the thesis examines the effects of the extended training programs on recruiting using data derived from a web-based survey of NPS Reservists. Multivariate logistic regression models are used to examine the effects of personal demographic characteristics on an individual's likelihood to enlist in the NPS program for a 28-day or a 77-day active duty training period. Separate models are used for each program and include a model with the Delayed Entry Program (DEP) as an option, and a model without it. Respondents report that they would have been slightly less inclined to enlist under the 28-day options whereas under the 77-day options respondents indicated that they would have been much less inclined to enlist. FY03 cost data is used to conduct the cost-effectiveness analysis, and indicates that the 28-day option would save an estimated $2.8 million, and decrease NPS personnel training time by 5 months. The 77-day option would cost an estimated additional $46.1 million and decrease NPS personnel training time by 21 months. Based on the analysis of this thesis, it is recommended that the current NPS accession program be phased out and the 77-day with DEP training alternative be implemented. Additionally, the recruiting focus should shift to target high school senior and recent graduates. / Lieutenant Commander, United States Naval Reserve